Deep vein thrombosis
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Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs. It is caused by slow blood flow, lack of movement, or damage to the vein wall. Symptoms include leg pain, swelling, shortness of breath, and chest pain. DVT is treated with anticoagulant drugs to prevent blood clotting and sometimes surgery. Most people recover with treatment early on, but permanent vein damage can lead to varicose veins. Prevention methods include wearing compression stockings, not smoking, avoiding sitting for long periods, and taking blood thinners if prescribed. Estimates suggest DVT affects 300,000 to 600,000 people in the US each year and causes
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VENOUS DISORDERS (thrombopheblitis)
THROMBOPHEBLITIS
Thrombopheblitis is an inflammation of the vein walls it usually occurs in an extremity, especially one of the legs, inflammation due to response to a blood clot in the vessel.
DVT, PE and Stroke: What's the Difference?
DVT is a blood clot that forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs. A PE is a blockage in a lung artery caused by a blood clot that traveled from a DVT. A stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts or is blocked by a clot, interrupting blood flow.
Slideshow for class
Compression stockings apply graduated pressure from the ankles up the legs to push blood back towards the heart. This compression reduces excess fluid leakage from capillaries into tissues, increasing absorption of fluid back into capillaries and lymphatic vessels to reduce and prevent swelling. Compression therapy also helps prevent blood clots by applying pressure on vein walls to help blood return to the heart and prevent dilation and pooling of veins.
polmunary embolism(kwrdistan)
A pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot lodges in the pulmonary artery of the lungs, blocking blood flow. Risk factors include surgery, prolonged immobility, smoking, pregnancy, and oral contraceptive use. Symptoms range from mild to severe and include difficulty breathing, chest pain, and leg swelling. Diagnosis involves tests like chest imaging, blood gas analysis, pulmonary angiography, and lung scanning. Treatment depends on severity but may include blood thinners, clot removal procedures, or thrombolytic drugs to dissolve clots. Complications can include heart failure, recurrent clots, or bleeding from blood thinners.
Peripheral Vascular Diseases
This document summarizes several peripheral vascular diseases:
1) Thromboangitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) is an inflammation of the arteries and veins causing clots, often linked to cigarette smoking in males and causing leg pain and potential gangrene. Management focuses on stopping disease progression, pain relief, and wound care or amputation.
2) Raynaud's disease is vasospasm causing ischemia of fingers especially, related to serotonin and cold sensitivity, often in smokers and women. Management aims to dilate blood vessels, avoid cold, and stop smoking or use sympathectomy.
3) Varicose veins are incompetent valves in leg veins causing swelling, pain,
Embolism
This document defines and describes different types of embolism. It states that an embolism is a detached solid, liquid, or gas mass carried by the bloodstream to a distant site. It then lists and provides details on various types of embolisms including venous (pulmonary), arterial, paradoxical, fat, amniotic fluid, air, and septic embolisms. For pulmonary embolisms, it notes they most commonly arise from deep vein thromboses in the legs and can cause further recurrent embolic episodes. It also provides information on symptoms and causes of fat, air, and amniotic fluid embolisms.
Embolism
"Embolism"
this presentation is about embolism where some information about embolism is included. Hope this will help you in your work.
Medical and legal terms
Some Latin and Greek roots to help students understand Medical and Legal Terms. (Hypo, Hyper, tomy, oma)
Recommended
VENOUS DISORDERS (thrombopheblitis)
THROMBOPHEBLITIS
Thrombopheblitis is an inflammation of the vein walls it usually occurs in an extremity, especially one of the legs, inflammation due to response to a blood clot in the vessel.
DVT, PE and Stroke: What's the Difference?
DVT is a blood clot that forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs. A PE is a blockage in a lung artery caused by a blood clot that traveled from a DVT. A stroke occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts or is blocked by a clot, interrupting blood flow.
Slideshow for class
Compression stockings apply graduated pressure from the ankles up the legs to push blood back towards the heart. This compression reduces excess fluid leakage from capillaries into tissues, increasing absorption of fluid back into capillaries and lymphatic vessels to reduce and prevent swelling. Compression therapy also helps prevent blood clots by applying pressure on vein walls to help blood return to the heart and prevent dilation and pooling of veins.
polmunary embolism(kwrdistan)
A pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot lodges in the pulmonary artery of the lungs, blocking blood flow. Risk factors include surgery, prolonged immobility, smoking, pregnancy, and oral contraceptive use. Symptoms range from mild to severe and include difficulty breathing, chest pain, and leg swelling. Diagnosis involves tests like chest imaging, blood gas analysis, pulmonary angiography, and lung scanning. Treatment depends on severity but may include blood thinners, clot removal procedures, or thrombolytic drugs to dissolve clots. Complications can include heart failure, recurrent clots, or bleeding from blood thinners.
Peripheral Vascular Diseases
This document summarizes several peripheral vascular diseases:
1) Thromboangitis obliterans (Buerger's disease) is an inflammation of the arteries and veins causing clots, often linked to cigarette smoking in males and causing leg pain and potential gangrene. Management focuses on stopping disease progression, pain relief, and wound care or amputation.
2) Raynaud's disease is vasospasm causing ischemia of fingers especially, related to serotonin and cold sensitivity, often in smokers and women. Management aims to dilate blood vessels, avoid cold, and stop smoking or use sympathectomy.
3) Varicose veins are incompetent valves in leg veins causing swelling, pain,
Embolism
This document defines and describes different types of embolism. It states that an embolism is a detached solid, liquid, or gas mass carried by the bloodstream to a distant site. It then lists and provides details on various types of embolisms including venous (pulmonary), arterial, paradoxical, fat, amniotic fluid, air, and septic embolisms. For pulmonary embolisms, it notes they most commonly arise from deep vein thromboses in the legs and can cause further recurrent embolic episodes. It also provides information on symptoms and causes of fat, air, and amniotic fluid embolisms.
Embolism
"Embolism"
this presentation is about embolism where some information about embolism is included. Hope this will help you in your work.
Medical and legal terms
Some Latin and Greek roots to help students understand Medical and Legal Terms. (Hypo, Hyper, tomy, oma)
Hemorrhagic Syndromes
This document discusses various physical manifestations of hemorrhagic syndromes. It describes cases of primary hemostasis disorders seen as petechiae on the legs of an ITP patient, extensive petechiae and ecchymoses in acute leukemia patients, telangiectasias associated with Rendu-Osler disease, and vasculitis in hepatitis C and lymphoma patients. It also details coagulation disorders seen as a spontaneous knee hemarthrosis in hemophilia A, calf muscle atrophy due to hemophilic arthropathy, a large back muscle hematoma after minor lifting in hemophilia A, and a post-traumatic hip hematoma in a mild hemophilia A patient.
Infraction - Dr. Abhinav Golla MD. Pathology
1. An infarction is an area of ischemic necrosis in an organ resulting from reduced blood supply, usually due to arterial obstruction.
2. The main causes of infarction are thromboembolism and atherosclerosis, which interrupt arterial blood flow. This leads to localized tissue death from coagulative necrosis.
3. Pathologically, infarcts appear pale and wedge-shaped, with inflammation at the borders and eventual scar formation. Location and outcomes vary by organ, such as potentially lethal myocardial infarction or non-lethal splenic infarction.
Dr. gautam angioplasty
Heart bypass is one of two techniques used in the treatment of coronary heart disease. The other is angioplasty and stenting. We explain the difference.
CABGD, or heart bypass, is one of two techniques used in the treatment of CHD. The other is percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), often called angioplasty and stenting. Both aim to improve the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart. The first heart bypasses were done in the 1960s, and the UK’s first coronary angioplasty was done in 1980, followed by the first coronary stent insertion in 1988.
Angioplasty is a minimally invasive method of widening a coronary artery. It uses a balloon catheter to widen the artery from within, and a stent is usually placed in the artery to keep it open. No anaesthetic is needed (although the patient may be offered sedation), and patients can often go home the same day or the next day.The number of people having heart bypass has decreased by about a third in the past 10 years, which is linked to the development of drug-eluting stents that are used during PCI. Drug-eluting stents have a polymer coating that slowly releases a drug over time to help prevent the blockage from recurring.
The recovery time for angioplasty is much quicker than heart bypass, but angioplasty is not advisable for everyone with CHD. For example, people who have triple-vessel disease are recommended to have heart bypass, and if you have diabetes, heart bypass offers better survival outcomes. Angioplasty is often used for people with less-severe coronary artery disease.
When making a decision on whether heart bypass or angioplasty is indicated, doctors have guidelines and a scoring system to help them. It’s also important to involve the patient and their family in order to determine what the best option for the patient is.
Embolism
An embolism is the obstruction of blood vessels by a mass or clot that has detached from its origin and traveled through the bloodstream. Embolisms can be classified based on the material causing the obstruction and the source and direction of blood flow. Common types of embolisms include pulmonary, fat, air, amniotic fluid, and tumor embolisms. Pulmonary embolisms originate in the lower leg veins and are caused by stasis, hypercoagulability, or a saddle embolism. Fat embolisms result from trauma or medical conditions and obstruct arterioles and capillaries. Decompression sickness is a form of gas embolism that affects scuba divers or caisson workers
Infarction
1. An infarct is a localized area of ischemic necrosis that occurs in a tissue or organ due to impaired arterial blood supply or venous drainage.
2. Causes of infarcts include occlusion of arteries or veins from thrombosis, embolism, atherosclerotic plaques, or external compression, as well as spasm of arterioles.
3. There are three main types of infarcts: white (anemic) infarcts caused by arterial occlusion in organs with few collaterals; red (hemorrhagic) infarcts caused by arterial or venous occlusion in loose tissues; and septic infarcts caused by bacteria-containing emboli.
Pericarditis / nursing care
This document discusses pericarditis, an inflammatory condition of the pericardium. It defines pericarditis and lists various causes including viral or bacterial infections, connective tissue disorders, and cancers. Symptoms include chest pain relieved by sitting forward and a pericardial friction rub. Diagnostic tests include ECG, chest x-ray, and blood tests. Complications can include arrhythmias or pericardial effusion leading to cardiac tamponade. Treatment involves managing the underlying cause with antibiotics, NSAIDs, or corticosteroids. Nursing care focuses on rest, monitoring for complications, administering medications, and health education.
Virchow´s triad
This document discusses genetic and acquired risk factors for thrombosis. Common genetic risk factors include mutations in factor V Leiden, prothrombin, and MTHFR genes. Acquired risk factors with high thrombosis risk are tissue injury, cancer, prosthetic heart valves, disseminated intravascular coagulation, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Additional acquired factors with lower risk include cardiomyopathy, nephrotic syndrome, pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, sickle cell anemia, and smoking.
INFARCTION
This document discusses infarction, which is localized ischemic necrosis of tissue due to decreased blood supply. Infarction can be caused by thrombi, emboli, vasospasm, expansion of atheroma, extrinsic compression of vessels, vessel twisting, or traumatic vessel rupture. There are three main types of infarction: red (hemorrhagic), white (anemic), and septic. Factors that influence infarction development include vulnerability to hypoxia, blood oxygen content, rate of occlusion, and blood supply. Myocardial, pulmonary, and cerebral infarctions are provided as examples and their characteristics and outcomes described.
Thrombosis - Pathology by Dr.Pawan
A Presentation on Thrombosis - Pathology point of view
Based on Harshmohan and Robbins - Textbook of Pathology
Thrombosis & Haemostasis: Research
Thrombosis & Haemostasis: Research is an open access, peer reviewed, scholarly journal dedicated to publish articles covering all areas of Thrombosis & Haemostasis.
The journal aims to promote research communications and provide a forum for doctors, researchers, physicians and healthcare professionals to find most recent advances in all areas of Thrombosis & Haemostasis. Thrombosis & Haemostasis: Research accepts original research articles, reviews, mini reviews, case reports and rapid communication covering all aspects of Thrombosis & Haemostasis.
Thrombosis & Haemostasis: Research strongly supports the scientific up gradation and fortification in related scientific research community by enhancing access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group also brings universally peer reviewed journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, mutual promotion of multidisciplinary science.
Liver cirrhosis (Causes, clinical manifestation, complications, diagnosis, tr...
Cirrhosis is a diffuse process characterized by liver necrosis and fibrosis that converts the normal liver architecture into abnormal nodules lacking lobular organization. It has many causes including alcohol, viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease, and genetic disorders. Clinically, it manifests as asymptomatic or symptoms like vomiting and weight loss. Complications arise from portal hypertension and include ascites, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome. Diagnosis involves liver function tests, imaging, and biopsy. Treatment focuses on managing complications and the underlying cause. For end-stage disease, liver transplantation may be required.
3. hemorrhage; hemodynamic disorders
This document discusses hemodynamic disorders including edema, hyperemia, congestion, hemorrhage, hemostasis, thrombosis, embolism, and infarction. It focuses on hemorrhage, defining it as blood escaping from vessels due to rupture. Common causes are listed as trauma, atherosclerosis, inflammation, and neoplasm. Specific types of hemorrhages like petechiae, purpura, and ecchymoses are described based on their size and location. Clinical features and significance are discussed depending on the rapidity and site of bleeding.
Diagnonis For Swollen Leg
This Slide Is Copied From Medicos Pdf App. MEdicos Pdf App contains all the books and slides related to medical field. You can find Medicos Pdf on play store. I found this App very useful and i want to share this app with my Medico.
hemodynamic & circulatory disorders 2
Embolism occurs when a solid, liquid, or gas becomes lodged in a blood vessel blocking blood flow. The most common type is thromboembolism from detached blood clots. Emboli can lodge in lungs (pulmonary embolism) or other organs (systemic embolism) cutting off blood supply and causing tissue death (infarction). Ischemia is a lack of blood flow, which if sustained leads to infarction. Shock is a state of low blood flow (hypoperfusion) that can be distributive, cardiogenic, or hypovolemic in origin, and progresses through mild, moderate, and severe stages impacting organ function if not corrected.
PVD
This document provides information on peripheral vascular disease (PVD). It defines PVD as a circulation disorder caused by narrowing or blockage of blood vessels outside the heart. Common risk factors include atherosclerosis, smoking, hypertension, and obesity. Symptoms vary depending on the type of PVD but may include leg pain, skin changes, and ulceration. Diagnostic tests include Doppler ultrasound, angiography, and measuring ankle-brachial index. Treatment involves lifestyle changes, medications, procedures like angioplasty or bypass surgery, and sometimes amputation for severe cases. Nursing care focuses on wound prevention, exercise, smoking cessation education, and monitoring for complications.
Infarction
An infarct is caused by occlusion of the arterial blood supply or venous drainage of an area of tissue, causing ischemic necrosis. Most infarcts result from blood clots or air bubbles blocking vessels. The type of infarct (red or white) depends on factors like the tissue involved and whether blood flow is later restored. Infarcts are wedge-shaped areas of coagulative necrosis followed by inflammation and scar tissue formation. The risk of infarction depends on the tissue's vulnerability to low oxygen and its blood supply characteristics.
Edema
Edema can be caused by either a transudate or an exudate. A transudate occurs when hydrostatic pressure in the blood vessels increases or colloid oncotic pressure decreases, forcing fluid through the vessel walls and into tissues. This can be due to conditions like heart failure or cirrhosis. An exudate forms when fluid leaks from blood vessels into tissues due to inflammation or injury, containing serum, fibrin and white blood cells. Exudates are caused by issues like pneumonia, cancer or pulmonary embolism.
Hematoma
A hematoma is an abnormal collection of blood outside of a blood vessel, caused when the vessel wall is damaged and blood leaks into surrounding tissues. Trauma is the most common cause of hematomas. There are several types of hematomas named by their location, such as epidural (outside the dura of the brain), subdural (below the dura of the brain), intracerebral (within brain tissue), scalp (outside the skull), ear, septal (nose), intramuscular (within muscles), subungual (under fingernails/toenails), subcutaneous (under the skin), and intra-abdominal (within the abdomen). The severity of symptoms depends on the
Post-operative thrombosis and embolism.pptx
This document discusses thrombosis (blood clots) and thromboembolism. It explains that thrombosis can form during or after surgery when blood pools and clots more easily. Surgeries that involve the legs, hips, pelvis or abdomen carry higher risk. Signs of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) include leg pain and swelling. Prevention methods include blood thinners, leg exercises and compression stockings. The aim of the project was to accurately assess risks of venous thromboembolism during surgery and ensure proper preventative measures to decrease incidents and enhance recovery.
Deep vein thrombosis
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms in the deep veins, usually in the legs. It has an annual global incidence of 1.6 per 1000 people. Risk factors include recent travel involving immobility. Symptoms include leg pain, swelling, and redness, though only about 50% of people experience symptoms. Diagnosis involves blood tests, ultrasound imaging, and assessment of risk factors. Treatment focuses on anticoagulation to prevent pulmonary embolism and complications like post-thrombotic syndrome. Prophylaxis through mechanical compression and pharmacological anticoagulants can reduce the risk of DVT.
Pulmonary embolism (PE)
Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a blood clot gets lodged in an artery in the lung, blocking blood flow to part of the lung.
Blood clots most often start in the legs and travel up through the right side of the heart and into the lungs. This is called DVT.
However, PE sometimes can occur without any evidence of DVT.
What is Phlebitis and How is it Treated?
Phlebitis describes veins that are inflamed, which are visibly red and painful. Phlebitis is also referred to as thrombophlebitis, superficial thrombophlebitis, or superficial venous thrombosis.
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Hemorrhagic Syndromes
This document discusses various physical manifestations of hemorrhagic syndromes. It describes cases of primary hemostasis disorders seen as petechiae on the legs of an ITP patient, extensive petechiae and ecchymoses in acute leukemia patients, telangiectasias associated with Rendu-Osler disease, and vasculitis in hepatitis C and lymphoma patients. It also details coagulation disorders seen as a spontaneous knee hemarthrosis in hemophilia A, calf muscle atrophy due to hemophilic arthropathy, a large back muscle hematoma after minor lifting in hemophilia A, and a post-traumatic hip hematoma in a mild hemophilia A patient.
Infraction - Dr. Abhinav Golla MD. Pathology
1. An infarction is an area of ischemic necrosis in an organ resulting from reduced blood supply, usually due to arterial obstruction.
2. The main causes of infarction are thromboembolism and atherosclerosis, which interrupt arterial blood flow. This leads to localized tissue death from coagulative necrosis.
3. Pathologically, infarcts appear pale and wedge-shaped, with inflammation at the borders and eventual scar formation. Location and outcomes vary by organ, such as potentially lethal myocardial infarction or non-lethal splenic infarction.
Dr. gautam angioplasty
Heart bypass is one of two techniques used in the treatment of coronary heart disease. The other is angioplasty and stenting. We explain the difference.
CABGD, or heart bypass, is one of two techniques used in the treatment of CHD. The other is percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), often called angioplasty and stenting. Both aim to improve the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart. The first heart bypasses were done in the 1960s, and the UK’s first coronary angioplasty was done in 1980, followed by the first coronary stent insertion in 1988.
Angioplasty is a minimally invasive method of widening a coronary artery. It uses a balloon catheter to widen the artery from within, and a stent is usually placed in the artery to keep it open. No anaesthetic is needed (although the patient may be offered sedation), and patients can often go home the same day or the next day.The number of people having heart bypass has decreased by about a third in the past 10 years, which is linked to the development of drug-eluting stents that are used during PCI. Drug-eluting stents have a polymer coating that slowly releases a drug over time to help prevent the blockage from recurring.
The recovery time for angioplasty is much quicker than heart bypass, but angioplasty is not advisable for everyone with CHD. For example, people who have triple-vessel disease are recommended to have heart bypass, and if you have diabetes, heart bypass offers better survival outcomes. Angioplasty is often used for people with less-severe coronary artery disease.
When making a decision on whether heart bypass or angioplasty is indicated, doctors have guidelines and a scoring system to help them. It’s also important to involve the patient and their family in order to determine what the best option for the patient is.
Embolism
An embolism is the obstruction of blood vessels by a mass or clot that has detached from its origin and traveled through the bloodstream. Embolisms can be classified based on the material causing the obstruction and the source and direction of blood flow. Common types of embolisms include pulmonary, fat, air, amniotic fluid, and tumor embolisms. Pulmonary embolisms originate in the lower leg veins and are caused by stasis, hypercoagulability, or a saddle embolism. Fat embolisms result from trauma or medical conditions and obstruct arterioles and capillaries. Decompression sickness is a form of gas embolism that affects scuba divers or caisson workers
Infarction
1. An infarct is a localized area of ischemic necrosis that occurs in a tissue or organ due to impaired arterial blood supply or venous drainage.
2. Causes of infarcts include occlusion of arteries or veins from thrombosis, embolism, atherosclerotic plaques, or external compression, as well as spasm of arterioles.
3. There are three main types of infarcts: white (anemic) infarcts caused by arterial occlusion in organs with few collaterals; red (hemorrhagic) infarcts caused by arterial or venous occlusion in loose tissues; and septic infarcts caused by bacteria-containing emboli.
Pericarditis / nursing care
This document discusses pericarditis, an inflammatory condition of the pericardium. It defines pericarditis and lists various causes including viral or bacterial infections, connective tissue disorders, and cancers. Symptoms include chest pain relieved by sitting forward and a pericardial friction rub. Diagnostic tests include ECG, chest x-ray, and blood tests. Complications can include arrhythmias or pericardial effusion leading to cardiac tamponade. Treatment involves managing the underlying cause with antibiotics, NSAIDs, or corticosteroids. Nursing care focuses on rest, monitoring for complications, administering medications, and health education.
Virchow´s triad
This document discusses genetic and acquired risk factors for thrombosis. Common genetic risk factors include mutations in factor V Leiden, prothrombin, and MTHFR genes. Acquired risk factors with high thrombosis risk are tissue injury, cancer, prosthetic heart valves, disseminated intravascular coagulation, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. Additional acquired factors with lower risk include cardiomyopathy, nephrotic syndrome, pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, sickle cell anemia, and smoking.
INFARCTION
This document discusses infarction, which is localized ischemic necrosis of tissue due to decreased blood supply. Infarction can be caused by thrombi, emboli, vasospasm, expansion of atheroma, extrinsic compression of vessels, vessel twisting, or traumatic vessel rupture. There are three main types of infarction: red (hemorrhagic), white (anemic), and septic. Factors that influence infarction development include vulnerability to hypoxia, blood oxygen content, rate of occlusion, and blood supply. Myocardial, pulmonary, and cerebral infarctions are provided as examples and their characteristics and outcomes described.
Thrombosis - Pathology by Dr.Pawan
A Presentation on Thrombosis - Pathology point of view
Based on Harshmohan and Robbins - Textbook of Pathology
Thrombosis & Haemostasis: Research
Thrombosis & Haemostasis: Research is an open access, peer reviewed, scholarly journal dedicated to publish articles covering all areas of Thrombosis & Haemostasis.
The journal aims to promote research communications and provide a forum for doctors, researchers, physicians and healthcare professionals to find most recent advances in all areas of Thrombosis & Haemostasis. Thrombosis & Haemostasis: Research accepts original research articles, reviews, mini reviews, case reports and rapid communication covering all aspects of Thrombosis & Haemostasis.
Thrombosis & Haemostasis: Research strongly supports the scientific up gradation and fortification in related scientific research community by enhancing access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group also brings universally peer reviewed journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, mutual promotion of multidisciplinary science.
Liver cirrhosis (Causes, clinical manifestation, complications, diagnosis, tr...
Cirrhosis is a diffuse process characterized by liver necrosis and fibrosis that converts the normal liver architecture into abnormal nodules lacking lobular organization. It has many causes including alcohol, viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease, and genetic disorders. Clinically, it manifests as asymptomatic or symptoms like vomiting and weight loss. Complications arise from portal hypertension and include ascites, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome. Diagnosis involves liver function tests, imaging, and biopsy. Treatment focuses on managing complications and the underlying cause. For end-stage disease, liver transplantation may be required.
3. hemorrhage; hemodynamic disorders
This document discusses hemodynamic disorders including edema, hyperemia, congestion, hemorrhage, hemostasis, thrombosis, embolism, and infarction. It focuses on hemorrhage, defining it as blood escaping from vessels due to rupture. Common causes are listed as trauma, atherosclerosis, inflammation, and neoplasm. Specific types of hemorrhages like petechiae, purpura, and ecchymoses are described based on their size and location. Clinical features and significance are discussed depending on the rapidity and site of bleeding.
Diagnonis For Swollen Leg
This Slide Is Copied From Medicos Pdf App. MEdicos Pdf App contains all the books and slides related to medical field. You can find Medicos Pdf on play store. I found this App very useful and i want to share this app with my Medico.
hemodynamic & circulatory disorders 2
Embolism occurs when a solid, liquid, or gas becomes lodged in a blood vessel blocking blood flow. The most common type is thromboembolism from detached blood clots. Emboli can lodge in lungs (pulmonary embolism) or other organs (systemic embolism) cutting off blood supply and causing tissue death (infarction). Ischemia is a lack of blood flow, which if sustained leads to infarction. Shock is a state of low blood flow (hypoperfusion) that can be distributive, cardiogenic, or hypovolemic in origin, and progresses through mild, moderate, and severe stages impacting organ function if not corrected.
PVD
This document provides information on peripheral vascular disease (PVD). It defines PVD as a circulation disorder caused by narrowing or blockage of blood vessels outside the heart. Common risk factors include atherosclerosis, smoking, hypertension, and obesity. Symptoms vary depending on the type of PVD but may include leg pain, skin changes, and ulceration. Diagnostic tests include Doppler ultrasound, angiography, and measuring ankle-brachial index. Treatment involves lifestyle changes, medications, procedures like angioplasty or bypass surgery, and sometimes amputation for severe cases. Nursing care focuses on wound prevention, exercise, smoking cessation education, and monitoring for complications.
Infarction
An infarct is caused by occlusion of the arterial blood supply or venous drainage of an area of tissue, causing ischemic necrosis. Most infarcts result from blood clots or air bubbles blocking vessels. The type of infarct (red or white) depends on factors like the tissue involved and whether blood flow is later restored. Infarcts are wedge-shaped areas of coagulative necrosis followed by inflammation and scar tissue formation. The risk of infarction depends on the tissue's vulnerability to low oxygen and its blood supply characteristics.
Edema
Edema can be caused by either a transudate or an exudate. A transudate occurs when hydrostatic pressure in the blood vessels increases or colloid oncotic pressure decreases, forcing fluid through the vessel walls and into tissues. This can be due to conditions like heart failure or cirrhosis. An exudate forms when fluid leaks from blood vessels into tissues due to inflammation or injury, containing serum, fibrin and white blood cells. Exudates are caused by issues like pneumonia, cancer or pulmonary embolism.
Hematoma
A hematoma is an abnormal collection of blood outside of a blood vessel, caused when the vessel wall is damaged and blood leaks into surrounding tissues. Trauma is the most common cause of hematomas. There are several types of hematomas named by their location, such as epidural (outside the dura of the brain), subdural (below the dura of the brain), intracerebral (within brain tissue), scalp (outside the skull), ear, septal (nose), intramuscular (within muscles), subungual (under fingernails/toenails), subcutaneous (under the skin), and intra-abdominal (within the abdomen). The severity of symptoms depends on the
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Similar to Deep vein thrombosis
Post-operative thrombosis and embolism.pptx
This document discusses thrombosis (blood clots) and thromboembolism. It explains that thrombosis can form during or after surgery when blood pools and clots more easily. Surgeries that involve the legs, hips, pelvis or abdomen carry higher risk. Signs of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) include leg pain and swelling. Prevention methods include blood thinners, leg exercises and compression stockings. The aim of the project was to accurately assess risks of venous thromboembolism during surgery and ensure proper preventative measures to decrease incidents and enhance recovery.
Deep vein thrombosis
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms in the deep veins, usually in the legs. It has an annual global incidence of 1.6 per 1000 people. Risk factors include recent travel involving immobility. Symptoms include leg pain, swelling, and redness, though only about 50% of people experience symptoms. Diagnosis involves blood tests, ultrasound imaging, and assessment of risk factors. Treatment focuses on anticoagulation to prevent pulmonary embolism and complications like post-thrombotic syndrome. Prophylaxis through mechanical compression and pharmacological anticoagulants can reduce the risk of DVT.
Pulmonary embolism (PE)
Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a blood clot gets lodged in an artery in the lung, blocking blood flow to part of the lung.
Blood clots most often start in the legs and travel up through the right side of the heart and into the lungs. This is called DVT.
However, PE sometimes can occur without any evidence of DVT.
What is Phlebitis and How is it Treated?
Phlebitis describes veins that are inflamed, which are visibly red and painful. Phlebitis is also referred to as thrombophlebitis, superficial thrombophlebitis, or superficial venous thrombosis.
Deep vein thrombosis
Deep vein thrombosis is a blood clotting disorder. causes of this is age above 60 yrs. cancer , obesity, prolonged standing etc. diagnostic evaluation of this doppler study, CT, MRI, etc. medical management of this blood thinner, like aspirin, stockings etc
Thrombosis
Maryam Arinola presented on thrombosis at Estam Formation University. She discussed the two main types of thrombosis - arterial thrombosis which occurs when a blood clot blocks an artery, and venous thrombosis or VTE which includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. She covered the signs and symptoms, risk factors like age, surgery, cancer, and family history, and prevention through compression stockings, exercise, and medication. Treatments included anticoagulant medications that must be taken for at least 3 months, and in rare cases, surgery.
deep vein thrombosis
Venous thromboembolism refers to blood clots forming in the veins, which can break off and travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism). Deep vein thrombosis is a blood clot that forms deep in the leg veins and can progress upwards. Superficial vein thrombosis involves shallow leg veins near the skin surface. Risk factors include surgery, trauma, cancer, genetic conditions. Symptoms include leg pain/swelling. Diagnosis involves D-dimer testing and ultrasound imaging of leg veins. Treatment is blood thinners to prevent clot growth and embolism.
D V T
Deep venous thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot in the deep veins, usually in the legs. It can progress and cause a pulmonary embolism, a potentially life-threatening blockage in the lungs. Risk factors include prolonged bed rest, obesity, older age, and inherited or acquired hypercoagulable states. Diagnosis involves ultrasound, venography or MRI. Treatment is usually blood thinners to prevent clot extension and embolism.
Jaundice in adults
An embolism occurs when a particle or blood clot obstructs blood flow. Common types include pulmonary (lung) and brain embolisms. Pulmonary embolisms are usually caused by blood clots that break off and travel to the lungs from deep veins in the legs. Risk factors include prolonged immobility, recent surgery or injury, smoking, oral contraceptives, and obesity. Symptoms include shortness of breath, chest pain, and coughing up blood. Diagnosis involves blood tests, CT scans, ultrasound, and angiograms. Treatment focuses on anticoagulants and thrombolytic drugs to dissolve clots along with managing pain and oxygen levels.
DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS (1) final.pptx
The document discusses deep vein thrombosis (DVT), including definitions, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. DVT is the presence of a blood clot in a deep vein, most commonly in the legs, and can cause pulmonary embolism if parts of the clot break off and travel to the lungs. Risk factors include surgery, trauma, cancer, older age, and genetic or acquired hypercoagulable states; treatment involves anticoagulation with blood thinners like heparin and warfarin.
Deep vein thrombosis
thrombosis in a vein lying deep below the skin, especially in the legs, often precipitated by immobility during illness or long-distance travel.
A blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the legs.
This condition is serious because blood clots can loosen and lodge in the lungs.
Leg pain or swelling may occur, but there may be no symptoms.
Treatments include medication and use of compression stockings.
Blood clot
Blood clots are solid clumps that form from liquid blood. A blood clot inside a vein or artery is called a thrombus, and one that breaks off and travels in the body is an embolus. Blood clots can partially or completely block blood flow in a vessel. This blockage can damage tissues if not treated promptly. Certain situations and health conditions increase the risk of blood clots forming.
DVT (Deep vein thrombosis)
A blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the legs.
This condition is serious because blood clots can loosen and lodge in the lungs.
Leg pain or swelling may occur, but there may be no symptoms.
Treatments include medication and use of compression stockings.
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dvt.pptx
This document discusses deep vein thrombosis (DVT), including its causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. DVT occurs when a blood clot forms deep inside the body, typically in the legs, and can become life-threatening if pieces break off and travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism). Diagnosis involves blood tests like D-dimer and ultrasound imaging of the veins. Treatment consists of blood thinners like heparin and warfarin to prevent further clotting and filters to block clots from reaching the lungs if blood thinners cannot be used.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (dvt) by Dr Aftub
Its a elaborate presentation on deep vein thrombosis by surgery resident.
Inform me if any thing needed to be correction.
thank you.
Dr Syed Aftub Uddin, MBBS,CCCD, MS ( Resident)
email: aftub_16@yahoo.com
Atheroscleros
Atherosclerosis is a condition where plaque builds up inside arteries due to a buildup of fatty materials such as cholesterol. Over time, plaque hardens and narrows the arteries, reducing blood flow. The buildup is caused by inflammation and an abnormal accumulation of substances inside the artery wall. Atherosclerosis most often affects arteries of the heart but can impact any artery. It is usually asymptomatic until an artery is severely blocked, which can lead to a heart attack or stroke. Diagnosis involves tests like angiograms, stress tests, and ultrasounds. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes and medications to control risk factors and reduce plaque buildup.
THROMBOSIS & SHOCK
The document discusses thrombosis and shock. It defines thrombosis as the formation of a blood clot in a blood vessel. It then describes different types of thrombosis including deep vein thrombosis, portal vein thrombosis, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. The causes and mechanisms of thrombosis are also explained. The document also defines shock and describes the different types including cardiogenic, hypovolemic, septic, neurogenic, and anaphylactic shock. It outlines the signs, symptoms and clinical stages from non-progressive to progressive to irreversible shock.
DVT.pptx
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs. It is a type of venous thromboembolism (VTE) which refers to blood clots that form in the veins. DVTs are serious as clots can break off and travel to the lungs causing a pulmonary embolism which blocks blood flow. Risk factors for DVTs include immobility, surgery, illness, long travel, obesity and certain medical conditions. Symptoms may include swelling, tenderness, warmth and discoloration of the legs. Ultrasound is used to diagnose DVTs by assessing vein compressibility and detecting clots or lack of blood flow.
What is DVT?
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot that develops in a deep vein, usually in the leg. It can cause pain, swelling and tenderness in the leg. DVT is diagnosed through tests like a D-dimer test, ultrasound scan or venogram. Treatment involves anticoagulant medicines to reduce clotting and prevent existing clots from growing. Preventing DVT involves not smoking, regular exercise and avoiding long periods of inactivity. Untreated DVT can potentially lead to a pulmonary embolism.
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Deep vein thrombosis
- 1. { Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) By: Emily Ducharme
- 2. When a deep vein gets a blood clot Definition http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombus
- 3. Slow blood flow through the vein Little movement of the leg Damage of the wall of the vein Pooling of blood in a vein Causes http://www.primoclipart.com/view-clipart/couch-potato-clip-art
- 4. Pain or tenderness in the leg Swelling of the lower leg or thigh Shortness of breath Chest pain Enlarged veins beneath the skin Symptoms http://www.stoptheclot.org/learn_more/learn_throm bosis.htm
- 5. It isn’t contagious, but can run through families Transmission http://thegrownupchild.ca/2010/03/evolution-of-the-family-tree/
- 6. Anticoagulant drugs in the early stages (Stops blood from clotting) Surgery Treatment http://zeenews.india.com/news/health/diseases/new-anticoagulant-pill- cuts-stroke-deaths-by-11-pc_13520.html
- 7. People recover with treatment in the early stages If the affected vein is permanently damaged, varicose vein may occur which are veins that are enlarged Outcome http://thaimedicals.blogspot.ca/2012/05/varicose-veins.html
- 8. Wear stockings to promote the flow of blood to your heart Don’t Smoke Don’t sit for long periods at a time Use blood thinners if prescribed Prevention http://therodinhoods.com/forum/topics/dont-quit-smoking-and- drinking-make-them-quit-you
- 9. Estimates range from 300,000 to 600,000 people have DVT Estimates range from 60,000 to 100,000 die from DVT 10 to 30% of people will die from DVT Sudden death is the first symptom for about 25% of people with DVT Data & Statistics http://www.fanpop.com/clubs/black- metal/images/13836217/title/black-death-metal-photo
- 10. References