The document discusses concrete patios and their benefits. It notes that concrete patios are versatile and durable, and can be stamped or textured to resemble other materials like brick or stone at a lower cost. It provides examples of popular stamped patterns used in different regions and notes that stamped concrete allows homeowners to create unique outdoor spaces that blend with their homes and landscaping.
The document discusses various methods for decorative concrete, including scored joints, exposed aggregate, integral color, dry shake color hardening, imprinting, stamping, texturing, and staining. It provides examples of decorative concrete walkways, patios, and other surfaces that utilize these techniques with different colors, patterns, textures and designs. The goal is to make concrete surfaces look like other materials like gravel, brick, stone or tile through these decorative concrete processes.
The document provides an analysis of building materials used at the One Soho condominium rooftop in Subang Jaya, Malaysia. It describes the materials used for the swimming pool, pool surround, playground floor, gym floor, multi-purpose hall floor, artificial grass mats, pool/gym ceilings, glass walls, outdoor walls, and glass doors. For each material, alternatives are also discussed that could potentially be used instead and their relative pros and cons. The analysis is intended to inform readers on the various material choices for different areas and functions of the condominium building.
Concrete offers a variety of options for interior floor finishes including acid staining, painting, polishing, and overlays. Acid staining uses metallic salts to react with concrete and produce permanent colored compounds. Painting concrete floors has emerged as a trend, allowing custom designs resembling stone. Polishing concrete involves grinding the surface to a high gloss finish without the need for waxing. Overlays provide a fresh surface that can be decorated and allow designs that may be impossible with other materials.
this is a detailed research on ceramic tiles; their raw materials, construction and making, installation, advantages and much more. it explains in details about the process and production of ceramic tiles.
Ceramic and porcelain tiles are commonly used for flooring and roofing. The document discusses various types of tiles based on their material and manufacturing process, including ceramic, porcelain, terrazzo, chequered, glazed, and vitrified tiles. It also discusses different profiles for roof tiles like flat, pan, and barrel tiles. The document concludes by explaining slip resistance tests for tiles, including the ramp test and pendulum test, and Health and Safety Executive guidelines for assessing slip resistance using pendulum test scores.
This document discusses various types of stones and tiles used in construction. It describes the composition and formation of different stones like granite, slate, marble and limestone. It also discusses the manufacturing process of ceramic and vitrified tiles and their various applications as flooring and wall coverings. Natural stones are used for building facades, panels, rubblework and trims due to their durability and decorative properties. Ceramic, vitrified and porcelain tiles are commonly used for floors, walls, countertops and other surfaces in homes and buildings due to their moisture resistance, durability and low maintenance.
Natural soil bricks stabilized with small amounts of cement or lime provide a strong, safe and reliable low-cost building material for rural housing. The document summarizes a study that assessed the suitability of bricks made from two different stabilized soil samples in Tanzania. Laboratory tests found that both soil samples produced bricks meeting the minimum compressive strength standard when stabilized with a 1:1:15 ratio of cement:lime:soil. Field tests of walls constructed with the bricks also exceeded requirements. The study concludes that stabilized soil brick technology can enable low-income groups to build homes affordably while being environmentally friendly.
Decostone provides decorative rustic terrazzo flooring installations for both commercial and residential properties. They have over 15 years of experience installing terrazzo flooring that is durable, slip-resistant, and low maintenance. Their terrazzo flooring system uses epoxy and natural stone materials like marble chips and granite to resurface existing concrete into an attractive and durable flooring option that can withstand high-traffic areas for decades.
The document discusses various methods for decorative concrete, including scored joints, exposed aggregate, integral color, dry shake color hardening, imprinting, stamping, texturing, and staining. It provides examples of decorative concrete walkways, patios, and other surfaces that utilize these techniques with different colors, patterns, textures and designs. The goal is to make concrete surfaces look like other materials like gravel, brick, stone or tile through these decorative concrete processes.
The document provides an analysis of building materials used at the One Soho condominium rooftop in Subang Jaya, Malaysia. It describes the materials used for the swimming pool, pool surround, playground floor, gym floor, multi-purpose hall floor, artificial grass mats, pool/gym ceilings, glass walls, outdoor walls, and glass doors. For each material, alternatives are also discussed that could potentially be used instead and their relative pros and cons. The analysis is intended to inform readers on the various material choices for different areas and functions of the condominium building.
Concrete offers a variety of options for interior floor finishes including acid staining, painting, polishing, and overlays. Acid staining uses metallic salts to react with concrete and produce permanent colored compounds. Painting concrete floors has emerged as a trend, allowing custom designs resembling stone. Polishing concrete involves grinding the surface to a high gloss finish without the need for waxing. Overlays provide a fresh surface that can be decorated and allow designs that may be impossible with other materials.
this is a detailed research on ceramic tiles; their raw materials, construction and making, installation, advantages and much more. it explains in details about the process and production of ceramic tiles.
Ceramic and porcelain tiles are commonly used for flooring and roofing. The document discusses various types of tiles based on their material and manufacturing process, including ceramic, porcelain, terrazzo, chequered, glazed, and vitrified tiles. It also discusses different profiles for roof tiles like flat, pan, and barrel tiles. The document concludes by explaining slip resistance tests for tiles, including the ramp test and pendulum test, and Health and Safety Executive guidelines for assessing slip resistance using pendulum test scores.
This document discusses various types of stones and tiles used in construction. It describes the composition and formation of different stones like granite, slate, marble and limestone. It also discusses the manufacturing process of ceramic and vitrified tiles and their various applications as flooring and wall coverings. Natural stones are used for building facades, panels, rubblework and trims due to their durability and decorative properties. Ceramic, vitrified and porcelain tiles are commonly used for floors, walls, countertops and other surfaces in homes and buildings due to their moisture resistance, durability and low maintenance.
Natural soil bricks stabilized with small amounts of cement or lime provide a strong, safe and reliable low-cost building material for rural housing. The document summarizes a study that assessed the suitability of bricks made from two different stabilized soil samples in Tanzania. Laboratory tests found that both soil samples produced bricks meeting the minimum compressive strength standard when stabilized with a 1:1:15 ratio of cement:lime:soil. Field tests of walls constructed with the bricks also exceeded requirements. The study concludes that stabilized soil brick technology can enable low-income groups to build homes affordably while being environmentally friendly.
Decostone provides decorative rustic terrazzo flooring installations for both commercial and residential properties. They have over 15 years of experience installing terrazzo flooring that is durable, slip-resistant, and low maintenance. Their terrazzo flooring system uses epoxy and natural stone materials like marble chips and granite to resurface existing concrete into an attractive and durable flooring option that can withstand high-traffic areas for decades.
When designing a terrazzo floor, divider strips form the layout of the floor design and helps to control cracking. There are different materials and thickness options to consider.
NeXclad - Terra Cotta Cladding from Terreal North AmericaLudowici
Discover Terreal North America's most economical & customizable terra cotta cladding system. Beauty, low maintenance and a 75-year material warranty in one product.
Big Red Decorative Concrete has been transforming plain grey concrete into unique and beautiful surfaces for 14 years in the Kansas City metro area and surrounding counties. They offer a variety of concrete overlay and staining services to enhance existing concrete surfaces, including decorative concrete overlays, acid stains, concrete dyes, and stamped overlays. They are experts in concrete preparation and installation of overlay systems like Sundek to beautify surfaces like driveways, sidewalks, pool decks, and more.
Concrete construction article pdf waste materials in concrete (1)Mehul Vyas
This document discusses using various waste materials as aggregates in concrete, including broken glass, sawdust, plastics, mine wastes, and garbage. It provides examples of past successful uses of fly ash and sawdust concrete. It then examines using colored broken glass as an exposed aggregate for decorative or structural concrete. While broken glass works well for decorative concrete, tests replacing normal aggregates with glass in structural concrete significantly reduced its strength and durability. The document also discusses using other waste materials like mine tailings and garbage slag to make pressed concrete bricks.
http://www.bigreddecorativeconcrete.com It is again a hand-troweled application that is custom cut and stained by our trained artisans. SunStone can be applied to patios, foundations, retaining walls, walkways and pool decks. It offers excellent slip resistance and a truly unique custom finish.
Big Red Decorative Concrete has been transforming plain grey concrete into unique, beautiful and useful surfaces for the past 14 years. Serving the Kansas City metro and surrounding areas.
http://www.bigreddecorativeconcrete.com
The document discusses various types of flooring materials and floor construction techniques. It provides definitions and descriptions of key flooring terms like subfloor, floor covering, base course, underlayer, and floor finish. Floor types covered include ground floors, suspended floors, and wooden floor systems. Common flooring materials mentioned are tiles, concrete, terrazzo, bamboo, cork, and rubber. The document also notes some issues with floors like squeaking, vibration, and the need for floor protection in high-traffic areas.
Natural Stone Application for InteriorsHolly Smith
This document provides an overview of natural stone applications for interiors. It discusses various types of natural stone such as travertine, limestone, marble, granite and others. It covers the formation, characteristics and common applications of each stone type. Additional sections describe stone production, cuts and finishes, construction considerations, maintenance and installation examples. The goal is to educate on selecting and specifying natural stone for different interior design projects.
Concrete blocks are a common building material made of a mixture of cement, sand, gravel, and water that is poured into molds and cured. They are stacked with mortar to form walls and other structures. Early blocks were made by hand but are now mass produced in automated plants capable of producing thousands per hour through a process of mixing, molding, curing, and packaging. Modern blocks come in standard sizes but also innovative designs for specialized applications like water resistance.
Natural stone comes from quarries around the world and is used for both interior and exterior applications. Stone is excavated, cut, and finished in various ways depending on the type of stone and intended use. Popular natural stones include travertine, limestone, marble, and granite. Each has distinct characteristics, benefits, and common applications. Proper sealing helps protect stone and enhances its appearance.
Landscaping tips for toronto on: concrete bordersEiEi Home
Concrete borders can improve the curb appeal and value of a home by providing a decorative finish for flower beds and walkways. Custom concrete borders come in many colors and stamped patterns to match a home's exterior. They are durable, prevent soil erosion, and reduce maintenance needs compared to natural materials. Homeowners can customize the shape and add lighting to concrete borders for unique landscaping designs.
Decorative concrete requires more attention to detail and quality control compared to standard concrete. Aesthetic treatments like pigments, stains, and exposed aggregates influence the final appearance. Proper joint sealants and sealers help protect the concrete and prevent damage over time. Maintaining decorative concrete requires following the product system manufacturer's guidelines to preserve the desired look.
SUNDEK is an industry leader in decorative concrete resurfacing, having started and shaped the industry for over 38 years. They can resurface both indoor and outdoor concrete surfaces like pool decks, patios, driveways, and more. SUNDEK transforms spaces using colors, textures and designs combined with the durability and strength of concrete. They offer various product lines and textures and stand behind their work.
Jim Peterson discussed marketing and sales strategies for the future. He explained that companies can no longer just sell products but must educate interested customers to help them buy. When customers call, companies need to quickly qualify them and proceed with a site meeting, proposal, and follow up if appropriate. Peterson also noted that the U.S. population has bifurcated into a lower-income majority and higher-income minority and that word of mouth continues to be the top form of promotion.
How to use sm to communicate your mission & passionKaren Petersen
The document discusses how organizations can use social media to communicate their mission and engage followers. It recommends that organizations tell stories about their initiatives on social media, recruit influencers to promote causes, use hashtags and branded initiatives, recognize partners and supporters, and focus on impact and success. Organizations should set realistic goals, promote diverse and visually appealing posts consistently, and use social media as part of an integrated communications strategy including PR and email marketing. The key is to empower followers through a sense of community rather than directly selling to them.
Know Your Customers is part of Situation Analysis which is part of a SOSTAC ® Digital Marketing Plan.
SOSTAC ® Video on youtube PRSmith1000 channel http://tinyurl.com/cugmb5f
SOSTAC ® video on PR Smith Marketing Facebook http://tinyurl.com/9l5hy97
SOSTAC ® eBook on Basic Marketing Plan
http://tinyurl.com/cavpx6q with complimentary kindle app (on right hand side of page)
The document discusses whether humans are helplessly controlled by their hormones and neurotransmitters or if they can gain freedom from this influence. It questions if current laws and environments support emancipation from being controlled by bodily chemicals. The author suggests that it is worthwhile to review whether people are truly helpless prisoners of their body's hormones and neurotransmitters or if creating the right intellectual, political, and material conditions could help free people from this perceived helplessness.
Kvorning Design & Communication is an exhibition design and graphic design studio based in Denmark that has completed over 40 projects internationally. It has significant experience designing exhibitions, graphics, and other projects for government ministries and agencies, museums, and private companies across various industries such as architecture, publishing, and energy. Some of its clients include the Danish Ministry of Culture, Copenhagen Zoo, Copenhagen University, and the Danish Royal Library.
When designing a terrazzo floor, divider strips form the layout of the floor design and helps to control cracking. There are different materials and thickness options to consider.
NeXclad - Terra Cotta Cladding from Terreal North AmericaLudowici
Discover Terreal North America's most economical & customizable terra cotta cladding system. Beauty, low maintenance and a 75-year material warranty in one product.
Big Red Decorative Concrete has been transforming plain grey concrete into unique and beautiful surfaces for 14 years in the Kansas City metro area and surrounding counties. They offer a variety of concrete overlay and staining services to enhance existing concrete surfaces, including decorative concrete overlays, acid stains, concrete dyes, and stamped overlays. They are experts in concrete preparation and installation of overlay systems like Sundek to beautify surfaces like driveways, sidewalks, pool decks, and more.
Concrete construction article pdf waste materials in concrete (1)Mehul Vyas
This document discusses using various waste materials as aggregates in concrete, including broken glass, sawdust, plastics, mine wastes, and garbage. It provides examples of past successful uses of fly ash and sawdust concrete. It then examines using colored broken glass as an exposed aggregate for decorative or structural concrete. While broken glass works well for decorative concrete, tests replacing normal aggregates with glass in structural concrete significantly reduced its strength and durability. The document also discusses using other waste materials like mine tailings and garbage slag to make pressed concrete bricks.
http://www.bigreddecorativeconcrete.com It is again a hand-troweled application that is custom cut and stained by our trained artisans. SunStone can be applied to patios, foundations, retaining walls, walkways and pool decks. It offers excellent slip resistance and a truly unique custom finish.
Big Red Decorative Concrete has been transforming plain grey concrete into unique, beautiful and useful surfaces for the past 14 years. Serving the Kansas City metro and surrounding areas.
http://www.bigreddecorativeconcrete.com
The document discusses various types of flooring materials and floor construction techniques. It provides definitions and descriptions of key flooring terms like subfloor, floor covering, base course, underlayer, and floor finish. Floor types covered include ground floors, suspended floors, and wooden floor systems. Common flooring materials mentioned are tiles, concrete, terrazzo, bamboo, cork, and rubber. The document also notes some issues with floors like squeaking, vibration, and the need for floor protection in high-traffic areas.
Natural Stone Application for InteriorsHolly Smith
This document provides an overview of natural stone applications for interiors. It discusses various types of natural stone such as travertine, limestone, marble, granite and others. It covers the formation, characteristics and common applications of each stone type. Additional sections describe stone production, cuts and finishes, construction considerations, maintenance and installation examples. The goal is to educate on selecting and specifying natural stone for different interior design projects.
Concrete blocks are a common building material made of a mixture of cement, sand, gravel, and water that is poured into molds and cured. They are stacked with mortar to form walls and other structures. Early blocks were made by hand but are now mass produced in automated plants capable of producing thousands per hour through a process of mixing, molding, curing, and packaging. Modern blocks come in standard sizes but also innovative designs for specialized applications like water resistance.
Natural stone comes from quarries around the world and is used for both interior and exterior applications. Stone is excavated, cut, and finished in various ways depending on the type of stone and intended use. Popular natural stones include travertine, limestone, marble, and granite. Each has distinct characteristics, benefits, and common applications. Proper sealing helps protect stone and enhances its appearance.
Landscaping tips for toronto on: concrete bordersEiEi Home
Concrete borders can improve the curb appeal and value of a home by providing a decorative finish for flower beds and walkways. Custom concrete borders come in many colors and stamped patterns to match a home's exterior. They are durable, prevent soil erosion, and reduce maintenance needs compared to natural materials. Homeowners can customize the shape and add lighting to concrete borders for unique landscaping designs.
Decorative concrete requires more attention to detail and quality control compared to standard concrete. Aesthetic treatments like pigments, stains, and exposed aggregates influence the final appearance. Proper joint sealants and sealers help protect the concrete and prevent damage over time. Maintaining decorative concrete requires following the product system manufacturer's guidelines to preserve the desired look.
SUNDEK is an industry leader in decorative concrete resurfacing, having started and shaped the industry for over 38 years. They can resurface both indoor and outdoor concrete surfaces like pool decks, patios, driveways, and more. SUNDEK transforms spaces using colors, textures and designs combined with the durability and strength of concrete. They offer various product lines and textures and stand behind their work.
Jim Peterson discussed marketing and sales strategies for the future. He explained that companies can no longer just sell products but must educate interested customers to help them buy. When customers call, companies need to quickly qualify them and proceed with a site meeting, proposal, and follow up if appropriate. Peterson also noted that the U.S. population has bifurcated into a lower-income majority and higher-income minority and that word of mouth continues to be the top form of promotion.
How to use sm to communicate your mission & passionKaren Petersen
The document discusses how organizations can use social media to communicate their mission and engage followers. It recommends that organizations tell stories about their initiatives on social media, recruit influencers to promote causes, use hashtags and branded initiatives, recognize partners and supporters, and focus on impact and success. Organizations should set realistic goals, promote diverse and visually appealing posts consistently, and use social media as part of an integrated communications strategy including PR and email marketing. The key is to empower followers through a sense of community rather than directly selling to them.
Know Your Customers is part of Situation Analysis which is part of a SOSTAC ® Digital Marketing Plan.
SOSTAC ® Video on youtube PRSmith1000 channel http://tinyurl.com/cugmb5f
SOSTAC ® video on PR Smith Marketing Facebook http://tinyurl.com/9l5hy97
SOSTAC ® eBook on Basic Marketing Plan
http://tinyurl.com/cavpx6q with complimentary kindle app (on right hand side of page)
The document discusses whether humans are helplessly controlled by their hormones and neurotransmitters or if they can gain freedom from this influence. It questions if current laws and environments support emancipation from being controlled by bodily chemicals. The author suggests that it is worthwhile to review whether people are truly helpless prisoners of their body's hormones and neurotransmitters or if creating the right intellectual, political, and material conditions could help free people from this perceived helplessness.
Kvorning Design & Communication is an exhibition design and graphic design studio based in Denmark that has completed over 40 projects internationally. It has significant experience designing exhibitions, graphics, and other projects for government ministries and agencies, museums, and private companies across various industries such as architecture, publishing, and energy. Some of its clients include the Danish Ministry of Culture, Copenhagen Zoo, Copenhagen University, and the Danish Royal Library.
The document lists the names of various events such as a Big Brother/Big Sister picnic, a 2009 Summer Summit, a 2009 Greek picnic, Air Force Games, a Delta Psi Lambda Cookout, and a 2009 Leadership Conference. It also includes a quote about watching one's thoughts, words, actions, habits, and character.
Marathi, Mahatma Gandhi And Namasmaran Dr Shriniwas Kashalikarshriniwaskashalikar
1) Political leaders are trying to gratify themselves by promoting sectarian ideas around language and identity, while opponents disguise themselves as broad-minded.
2) As a common man, the author feels torn between protecting his self-respect and livelihood, and embracing a more unifying attitude.
3) The solution is for common people to understand that feelings of inadequacy or fear of domination are hallmarks of maniacal elements on both sides, and to rise above obstacles through growth rather than reacting in a vicious manner.
This document outlines a lesson plan to create a classroom social story book about classroom rules for 7th grade students with moderate intellectual disabilities. The lesson involves students brainstorming and voting on classroom rules, dividing into groups to write about each rule, and using Storybird and Google Docs to collaboratively create an online book. Strategies like group discussion, brainstorming, and collaborative learning are employed to engage students and facilitate discussion of rules.
This search engine ranking report was created by Splinternet Marketing to analyze Brian Bateman's website SplinternetMarketing.com. The report analyzed rankings for the keyword "Internet Marketing Services" on 10 search engines. It found that SplinternetMarketing.com had 2 listings in the top 20 positions and 2 listings in the top 30 positions. 6 listings were new or moved up, while 4 listings moved down or were dropped. The highest ranking was position 14 on Bing and the lowest was position 407 on Exalead.
The document discusses Flexera Software's Common Licensing Layer Build and Assist service. This service helps companies implement a common licensing layer across their products to standardize license implementation and simplify the customer experience. Flexera consultants work with the company to define requirements, build the common licensing layer, integrate it with products, and provide testing and deployment support. The goal is to help companies launch products faster with a more robust licensing solution.
The document summarizes an integrated approach to business administration studies with an international focus. The program offers multidisciplinary knowledge in areas like international economics, law, and sociology. Students gain intercultural and practical experience through cases studies with international managers, collaboration with foreign students, and internships abroad. The curriculum is 120 ECTS credits over 2 years, with options to study parts of the program in Hamburg and St. Petersburg to gain international experience.
This report analyzes the search engine rankings of SEO, LLC and related keywords over time. It found that SEO, LLC ranked in the top 5 positions for 3 keywords and the top 10 positions for 4 keywords across Google and Bing. The rankings improved for 3 keywords, remained the same for 1 keyword, and declined for 2 keywords between the dates analyzed.
Utilização de tecnologias nas bibliotecas universitárias e a aplicacação da Web semântica, do cloud computing, das ontologias. Qual a evolução para o modelo das bibliotecas académicas e paras as competências dos Bibliotecários
The document discusses issues with modern temples, including traffic, dirtiness, begging, corruption, and interference from politics and criminal elements. As a result, temples have become centers of escapism rather than addressing real challenges. Both superstition and criticism of temples have spread. Most temples are now economically dependent on others and celebrations have become means for extortion and gaining political influence. However, the document argues that regular practice of chanting names of God (Namasmarn) can help rectify issues by rejuvenating temples' original roles and establishing holistic activities like agriculture, education, and animal husbandry on temple lands.
The document provides details about the materials used in Cappuccino Garden Cafe. It describes the concrete structure and reinforced with steel bars. The indoor floor uses ceramic mosaic tiles while the outdoor floor uses non-slip slate tiles. The walls are made of brick finished with gypsum, ceramic tiles and paint. The ceramic wall tiles provide durability, easy cleaning and resistance to stains and chemicals. The document compares the advantages and disadvantages of the different materials used in the cafe.
Brick masonry has a long history, with early bricks being hand-molded from mud and allowed to dry in the sun. Over time, clay bricks fired in kilns became more common and standardized sizes improved construction efficiency. Modern brick production uses extrusion and firing in gas kilns to precisely shape bricks. Mortar mixes of sand, cement and lime are used to bond bricks together in walls. Different brick shapes and bonding patterns are used for structural support and aesthetic purposes.
Brick masonry has a long history, with early bricks made by hand from mud and clay. Over time, production methods became more sophisticated with brick extrusion and firing in kilns. Different brick shapes and bonding patterns emerged for structural integrity and aesthetics. Mortar is also important, using a mixture of sand, cement and lime. Proper bricklaying techniques help ensure durability and weather resistance of walls.
Hi everyone,
In this presentation is shown the construction materials: how we manufacture and use them, and how we build a building.
I hope you will enjoy it.
Jesús ZB and my friend Daniel, Spain.
The document describes Pier, an Italian porcelain tile collection made in the USA. The tile combines natural wood textures and colors to give floors a traditional look while being durable and resistant to wear. It is available in four earth tone colors and a large 6x36 inch size. The tile is suitable for both residential and commercial use due to its durability and low maintenance requirements as a porcelain product.
A No one really knows the age of brick masonry.
B Common sense would dictate that the lack of construction materials for shelter in lands where no natural stone was available, would lead to innovations with whatever material is at hand
C Where there was land there was soil, and if there was water there was mud. And soil particles stick together and form a hard mass when the sun dries the moisture.
D Mud bricks were molded by hand and allowed to dry in the sun, and stockpiled for future use. Small units were easily handled.
This document discusses various building materials including mud and clay, rock, wood, brick and block, concrete, metal, glass, onyx, shera board/plank, and corian. It provides details on the composition and properties of each material as well as how they have been used historically and in modern construction. The materials discussed range from natural substances like mud, rock, and wood to modern manufactured materials like concrete, metal, glass, and corian.
Villa Lagoon Tile now offers cement floor tiles available to the United Kingdom, Europe and Middle East. The decorative tiles are available in square, hexogonal and octagonal shapes and 36 colors.
Decorative concrete can be used both indoors and outdoors as an alternative to more expensive paving materials like bricks. There are several techniques for decorative concrete including dyeing, staining, and stenciling to add visual effects and richer colors. Stamped concrete involves adding a thin layer to an existing slab and stamping it with textures and colors to imitate other materials like wood or slate. Decorative concrete offers various combination of techniques to create different visual effects for remodeling projects.
This document discusses the history and properties of concrete. It begins with an introduction to concrete as a strong, moldable construction material made of cement, sand, aggregate, and water. It then provides a brief history of concrete, including early uses in ancient Israel and Serbia, as well as the Romans' widespread use of concrete in structures like the Colosseum and Pantheon. Finally, it discusses advantages of concrete like durability and fire resistance, as well as future trends including geopolymer concrete and cement replacements.
Stamped concrete is a type of concrete that is imprinted with rubber stamp molds to give it the look of other materials like stone, brick, or tile. It can be used both indoors and outdoors for areas like driveways, walkways, patios, and floors. While more affordable than materials like stone or brick, stamped concrete is not as durable and can crack more easily over time. It is commonly used for highly visible outdoor spaces but can also be used for covered areas like porches. The cost of stamped concrete ranges from $8-18 per square foot depending on the complexity of the design.
Clay is created through the decomposition of various rocks and minerals. It is structured with flat, disk-like particles that allow it to be molded when wet. Clay composition varies by source. Clay is used to make masonry units, tiles, and decorative architectural elements. Proper cleaning, identifying causes of deterioration, and using appropriate repair methods help preserve ceramic materials.
Brick floors have a timeless sense of beauty and charm. They have a warm, inviting appeal, but installing brick floors is often a time consuming and expensive.
Construction materials are made from widely available materials like sand, clay, and stone. Common construction materials include stone, cement, mortar, concrete, plaster, ceramics, and bricks. Stone is classified based on its mineral composition and formation process. Cement is a dry powder that binds other materials when mixed with water. Mortar is a mixture of cement, sand, and water used to bind materials like bricks. Concrete is composed of cement, aggregate like gravel or crushed rock, and water. Ceramics are inorganic materials made from clay that are hardened by heat. Buildings are constructed using a design team approach with expertise in design, finance, and construction.
sustainable materials with building construction detailskhizharp
Sustainable building materials are those that are produced or sourced locally to minimize environmental impacts. Common sustainable materials include straw bales, which provide high energy efficiency, health benefits, and fire resistance when used in construction. Insulated concrete forms are another option that offers energy efficiency through strong insulation properties and can be constructed quickly. Emerging materials being researched include mycelium composites grown from fungi, which can form into strong and environmentally-friendly building blocks. Overall, sustainable building materials aim to reduce the negative effects of construction on the environment and human health.
Natural stone and bricks have some similar properties but also differ in key ways. While both come from the earth, stones are directly extracted from mountains whereas bricks are manufactured goods. Choices of natural stones include slate, marble, limestone, and quartz in various colors. Stones have an inherent tactile feel due to their mountain origins. They are suitable for floors, backsplashes, and counters used together. Stones conduct heat well for radiant floor heating. Bricks are durable for indoor and outdoor use and are cheaper than stone but do not insulate heat as well. Both materials come in various sizes, shapes, and finishes for design options.
This document discusses various types of flooring and wall cladding materials used in construction. It provides information on exterior and interior insulation finishing systems, roofing materials, waterproofing treatments, damp proofing, and terminite proofing. It also describes different stone flooring options like Shahabad stone, Kota stone, and marble stone flooring. Additional flooring materials discussed include chequered tiles, glazed tiles, block paving, terrazzo tiles, and various types of floor finishes.
Masonry refers to the construction of walls and structures using materials like stone, brick, concrete block laid using mortar. Different types of masonry units and bonding patterns are used for walls. Common masonry units include rubble, ashlar, and random ashlar stone as well as various types of bricks. Concrete hollow blocks are also widely used in construction. Tools used by masons include trowels, floats, straightedges, hammers, plumb rules, pocket rules, tampers and chisels.
The document discusses building construction materials and methods. It begins by outlining different building materials like mud, bricks, timber, and their traditional uses. It then focuses on bricks, describing how the large-scale production of conventional fired bricks causes significant pollution. The document introduces an alternative "bio-engineered brick" made through a natural process involving bacteria, urine, and sand that could reduce emissions. However, this method currently takes longer and releases ammonia during production, though developing a closed-loop system may help address these issues.
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Table of Contents
Today’s Backyard: The New Resort Area 1
Concrete Patios: The Heart of the Outdoor Oasis 2
Benefits Abound
Versatility 3
Durability 3
Affordability 4
Stamped / Textured Concrete 5
Color Possibilities are Endless 7
Typical Standard Color Chart 8
Surface Treatment Options 9
Concrete Patios Blend Fabulously w/ Surroundings 10
Maintenance is a Breeze 11
About Classic Concrete Design 12
3. TODAY’S BACKYARD: THE NEW RESORT AREA
A mericans everywhere from
California to New England,
from Texas to Minnesota are
spending more time at home and more
time outdoors.
Back yards are being transformed into
luxurious extensions of the house.
They're the new favorite room to relax,
entertain, and cook. And the heart and
soul of the backyard resort area is the
concrete patio.
The Hearth, Patio, and Barbecue Association, which recently held its annual
tradeshow and exposition, says the growth of the outdoor living phenomena is the
result of North America's interest in 'cocooning,' the trend toward a more casual
lifestyle, an aging population and the popularity of porches, decks, and patios in
homes.
The swimming pool industry sees that trend, too. In fact, pools are getting smaller
and are playing a less dominant role in the back yard.
The Pool and Spa Institute says the pool is just one amenity an increasing number
of homeowners are going all out with outdoor kitchens, furnished seating areas,
fireplaces, pizza ovens, elaborate water features, and more.
Homeowners want to enjoy their homes, but they also see upgrading their back
yards as an investment.
“We are seeing more and more homeowners interested
in dressing up their outdoor living spaces. … People
are spending money enhancing their homes, not only
as an investment vehicle, but to make living in them
more pleasurable.”
1
4. CONCRETE PATIOS: THE HEART OF THE OUTDOOR OASIS
W hen homeowners embark on building their outdoor oasis, they typically
envision a range of features. Many want a total package a backyard
retreat in which they can
escape and relax at the end of the day
and on weekends.
“More people are into renovating their
homes, especially their back yards.
People are spending more time
outdoors.”
But the first thing most people start with is the concrete patio. And rest assured, it's
not just the plain old gray anymore. Today's backyard concrete patios are as unique
as its owners. Modern stamping and texture and coloring techniques complement
any landscape and provide a touch of individuality to your back yard.
Across the country, companies that specialize in concrete patios are seeing an
enormous increase in elaborate outdoor living spaces all kinds of hardscaping and
landscaping projects.
And decorative concrete is quickly emerging as the new material of choice for
today's patio.
“It's booming. Every year I think it
can't get any bigger and it does. You
don't have to settle for the old gray
stuff anymore.”
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5. BENEFITS ABOUND WITH CONCRETE PATIOS
VERSATILITY
Concrete patios are unlike any other type
of surface. The look of poured concrete
varies more than any other type of
material used for patios, including brick.
Why are concrete patios so versatile?
Concrete can be shaped into any pattern.
It can be lightly smoothed or heavily
brushed; surfaced with attractive pebbles;
swirled or scored; tinted or painted; patterned; or molded to resemble another
material.
“Some of the popular things we're seeing range from stamped concrete and
sandblasted concrete to scored and stained concrete to integral colored concrete
and coating products.”
While many concrete patios are designed to complement the outdoor landscape and
native greenery, some homeowners choose a style of concrete patio based on their
interior living space.
“Homeowners almost always want an extension
of their house. They want something that flows
with the indoor flooring, that has shade as well
as sun.”
DURABILITY
In addition to concrete's versatility, concrete is durable and can stand up to a range
of weather conditions found across the country. In fact, many companies in colder
climates take special measures to ensure the durability of the concrete patios they
produce.
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6. In addition, their proprietary mix is 4000
psi and includes fiber and steel, meaning
it usually reaches total hardness at 14
days, as opposed to the normal 28 days.
Bill Guthro of Distinctive Concrete in
Rowley, Massachusetts, says stamped
concrete will last longer than any other
type of masonry installation.
Whereas traditional pavers and
cobblestone settle unevenly during the
freeze/thaw cycle of winter, stamped concrete is reinforced with 3/8-inch steel
reinforcing rods placed 24 inches on-center-each-way, right in the middle of the
concrete. This steel reinforcement gives the concrete the necessary tensile strength
to resist the constant heaving produced by the freezing and thawing of the ground.
Stamped concrete is also better than pavers and cobblestone in spring and summer.
Pavers and cobblestones are susceptible to joint deterioration if sand is not
constantly brushed into all the joints. This joint deterioration results in ant hills,
growth of unsightly grass and weeds and produces dangerous tripping hazards
when the individual pavers settle unevenly.
AFFORDABILITY
Contractors who create concrete patios and those who have concrete patios will
quickly tell you concrete patios cost less than patios made of stone, brick or tile.
Many say that the lower price tag combined with the wide array of patterns and
colors available is one of the main draws of choosing a concrete patio. Your
concrete patio can be stamped to resemble brick, slate, flagstone, stone, tile, and
even wood.
“Decorative concrete has become more popular than stone, brick and tile for
patios because it costs less, is better in quality and it has the unlimited ability to
be created into whatever you want as far as color, texture, and pattern go.”
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7. STAMPED / TEXTURED CONCRETE PATIOS
S tamped concrete is concrete that is patterned to resemble brick, slate, flagstone,
stone, tile and even wood.
Stamped concrete is becoming increasingly popular and a more frequent material
of choice for homeowners across the country because of the wide array of patterns
and colors available, particularly compared to other potential patio materials.
Colors and patterns for stamped concrete are often chosen to blend with other stone
or tile elements at the residence. Complex designs incorporating steps, courtyards,
and fountains can be achieved. Stamped concrete can also be blended with other
decorative concrete elements such as exposed aggregate finishes and acid-etch
staining. Many offer dozens of patterns. Some of the more common stamped
patterns include: PLEASE ALSO VISIT WWW.PROLINESTAMPS.COM
SLATE TEXTURE
EUROPEAN FAN
ROCK SALT
TEXTURE
HERRINGBONE
LIME STONE ROMAN SLATE TILE
SALTCLAY TILE
GRANITE TILE
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8. M any homeowners don't realize that a stamped concrete patio is a viable
option and one that costs less than other patio materials.
“People don't know anything about it. Then they see stamped concrete in a
magazine and they have to have it.”
A form of today's stamped concrete was originated on the West coast back in the
1960s. The stamp concrete tools back then were made of metal and resembled
cookie cutters. They produced a pattern, but did not provide any texture.
Today's tools are rigid mats made of
polyurethane that produce authentic
textured patterns of stone, brick and even
wood planking and fossilized sea-life.
When stamped concrete is installed by
experienced craftsmen, brick masons with
30 years of experience can't tell the
difference between stamped concrete and
real brick or stone.
Homeowners in the Maryland and Virginia areas tend to favor ashlar slate, grand
ashlar slate, royal slate, European fan, and London cobblestone.
Oklahomans tend to gravitate toward the flagstone and Roman ashlar slate
patterns. Minnesotans seem to prefer a seamless granite texture look, as well as
flagstone textures stone that is natural to the area.
Ashlar slate is also a favorite in the Sacramento, California area.
Another benefit of a stamped concrete patio is that outdoor tables don't rock on
concrete like they do on stone and tile surfaces.
In addition, patterns can be selected to blend in with existing stone, wood, or tile
elements in your backyard area.
“It's catching on here, especially among the younger crowd. The older
generation tends to just know gray concrete, but they're catching on, too.”
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9. COLOR POSSIBILITIES ARE ENDLESS
O ne of the biggest draws of
concrete patios is the expansive
range of colors available.
Because of ever-advancing technology
and jaw-dropping chemical techniques,
concrete can be colored in just about any
hue you could ever imagine. Some
contractors offer upwards of 250 hues
and shades.
Colored concrete can be used in
combination, abutting each other, or
stamped with a variety of textures to simulate brick, flagstone, pavers, or tile.
The same colored concrete can be made to look different, just by using different
finishing techniques: For example, a broom finish creates one look. Brooming the
concrete in opposite directions creates shadow effects. Swirl or fan patterns create
a different type of look.
For even more dramatic effect, the colored concrete can be lightly sandblasted or
heavily sandblasted, or a retarder can be used and then the aggregate exposed.
Color to concrete can be integral to the mix, meaning it is added at the plant or
added in bags at the job site, or Dry-Shake, where it is dusted on the surface at the
job site.
The availability of custom colors and penetrating stains has translated into concrete
patios that are natural-looking and attractive.
Many homeowners tend to gravitate toward the more natural browns, tans,
charcoals, and terra cotta reds.
“As far as colors go, earth tones are big the tans and browns.”
There are several different manufacturers that make integral colors to be mixed
with concrete. On the following page you'll find a sampling from one company.
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10. DAVIS COLOR CHART
COLOR GROUP: SUBTLE
SAND STONE CANYON SANTA FE PEBBLE
DUNE OUTBACK SILVERSMOKE LIGHT GRAY
DARK GRAY
COLOR GROUP: STANDARD
MOCHA RUSTIC BROWN SAN DIEGO BUFF SANGRIA
SUNSET ROSE BAJA RED SEQUOIA SAND YOSEMITE BROWN
SOUTHERN BLUSH SALMON MESA BUFF OMAHA TAN
HARVEST GOLD MESQUITE TAUPE SIERRA
BAYOU COCOA PEWTER COBBLESTONE
GRAPHITE
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11. CONCRETE PATIOS OFFER MANY SURFACE TREATMENT OPTIONS
S tamping your concrete patio is just one option. There are numerous other
surface treatments, which not only make the patio look great, but provide
traction.
A contractor can wash or sandblast a
concrete paving so the aggregate is
exposed. Another popular option is
embedding pebbles and stones to create
exposed aggregate.
You can also enhance your concrete by
color-dusting, staining, masking,
sandblasting, acid-washing, or salt
finishing.
RESURFACING
If you have an existing patio that needs
some sprucing up, resurfacing is a great
alternative.
Some companies install resin-modified
cementious concrete coatings systems that
simulate brick, stone, tile, slate, and epoxy
floors.
The process typically involves three steps.
First, the surface is prepared to ensure permanent bonding of the coating to the
existing concrete. Next, the concrete coating is applied. High-quality polymer
modified cements, epoxy material, and/or coatings, which are hand- troweled 1/8-
to ¼-inch thick and then color-tinted, are usually used. Finally, a sealer coat is
applied to lock in lasting beauty.
"You go to Las Vegas and you see some sort of concrete coating everywhere …
This millennium is all concrete. Everyone's looking at concrete and what you
can do with it.”
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12. CONCRETE PATIOS BLEND FABULOUSLY WITH SURROUNDINGS
A nother appealing benefit of a concrete patio is that because it can be
created in so many textures, patterns, and colors, it is the perfect choice for
blending into your backyard environment, whether you have a modest-
sized patio and barbecue area, or you have a sprawling, luxurious outdoor retreat
spilling over with amenities.
Combining concrete with other materials, like brick, tile, or flagstone, is also
popular. And wood, steel, or copper dividers can be used as control joints to help
prevent cracking.
Once the concrete patio is in place, it is the perfect complement to additional
amenities like swimming pools, water features, outdoor kitchens, sinks, burners,
warmers, refrigerators, even storage areas.
“Lighting is also big. Homeowners want lighting that reflects their mood for
parties, romance, family, or just a great backdrop … They want a vacation spot
they can go to every day.”
Many contractors view themselves as part contractor, part designer, part artisan.
They'll help you create whatever you are envisioning for your concrete patio and
accompanying backyard retreat.
“I take whatever abstract elements the homeowner is envisioning and with
creativity and passion bring them to life.”
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13. CONCRETE MAINTENANCE IS A BREEZE
C leaning and sealing stamped and colored concrete should be done on a regular
basis just like any other home maintenance. The frequency will depend on how
high a traffic area to cars, foot traffic, water, and any chemicals the concrete is
exposed to.
Distinctive Concrete of New England recommends resealing every 2 or 3 years. If you
wait longer, you may notice the color fade slightly. But just like waxing a car, reseal your
stamped concrete and the color will be as vibrant as the day it was installed.
Distinctive Concrete offers the following maintenance plan:
1. Rinse dirt/debris off stamped concrete surface with a garden hose or pressure washer.
2. Apply a small amount of liquid dish soap to surface and scrub with a push broom.
3. Rinse well with a garden hose or pressure washer until there is no sign of soapsuds.
4. DRY surface completely by using a leaf blower or by waiting 24 hours to air dry.
DO NOT APPLY SEALER TO A DAMP/WET SURFACE.
5. Once the surface is completely dry, apply the sealer as follows:
! Stir in one jar of Anti-Skid material to a 5-gallon pail of sealer.
! APPLY SEALER USING A 1" NAP ROLLER ONLY. ANTI-SKID MATERIAL
WILL NOT TRANSFER THROUGH A SPRAYER. Apply sealer in
approximately 2' x 4' sections. This will ensure full coverage without missed
spots. Keep stirring sealer while applying to keep the Anti-Skid suspended in the
sealer.
! Sealer should be applied when air temperature is above 55° F. Best results will be
obtained by applying sealer during cooler temperatures - fall and spring - or before
10 am and after 4 pm in summer months when surface temperatures should be
under 90° F.
6. A second coat can be applied after the first coat is tack free (not sticky to your touch).
7. Your stamped concrete should be resealed every 2-3 years to protect your investment.
One 5-gallon pail of sealer will cover approximately 1,000 sf.
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14. About CLASSIC CONCRETE DESIGN, Inc.
Member BBB * Licensed * Insured
Client List:
Various private residences & commercial locations
Duke University
Emily Krzyzewski Family Life Center
Grove Park Inn & Resort
Best Western Hotels
Crown Park Plaza Hotels
Earth Fare Grocery
Mad Hatter's Bake Shop
Bean Traders
Nantucket Cafe
Land Design, Architectural firm - Old Town Alexandria
Mission Statement
Our mission is: * To perform for our customers the highest level of quality construction services,
focusing on attention to detail and consistently improving our processes. * To ensure the
longevity of our company through repeat and referral business achieved by customer
satisfaction in all areas including timeliness, job site appearance, project management and
service-minded attitudes. * To maintain the highest levels of professionalism, integrity, honesty
and fairness in our relationships with our suppliers, subcontractors, professional associates and
customers.
Thank you for your interest in our services, we look forward to working with you.
Sincerely,
Chris Maestro
President, CCD, Inc.
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