105 years ago, on the same day - April 15th, the World witnessed the most disastrous shipping accident of all times - The Titanic. Legendary in every sense, RMS Titanic was designed by the Irish shipbuilder William Pirrie and built in Belfast, and was thought to be the world’s fastest ship. It spanned 883 feet from stern to bow, and its hull was divided into 16 compartments that were presumed to be watertight. Titanic was presumed to be unsinkable. But, no one had thought about the damage, an iceberg could cause. Only 10% of an iceberg is seen above the water while the rest lies below it. While in the final leg of it's journey from England to New York, the luxurious cruise liner failed to change its course and damaged its hull, causing water to flood into all the compartments, eventually leading to the ship breaking in half and a human loss of 1522 passengers. This disaster has served as a lesson for the shipping fraternity which gave birth to SOLAS and International Ice Patrol. Read more about SOLAS in our exclusive post here: http://www.shmgroup.com/blog/understanding-shipping-safety-with-solas/
SOLAS:The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) is an international maritime treaty which sets minimum safety standards in the construction, equipment and operation of merchant ships. The convention requires signatory flag states to ensure that ships flagged by them comply with at least these standards.
SOLAS:The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) is an international maritime treaty which sets minimum safety standards in the construction, equipment and operation of merchant ships. The convention requires signatory flag states to ensure that ships flagged by them comply with at least these standards.
ISPS: Security Awareness Training / Designated Security DutyCapt Moin Uddin
ISPS training slideshow is for the seafarers to refresh training of SAT / DSD and SSO. These slides are incorporate with lecture and cross question with the trainee. Can be used onboard ship during ISPS scheduled training.
MARPOL is an international convention adopted by IMO for the prevention of marine pollution. Marpol and its annexes are included in this ppt. Happy reading
ISPS: Security Awareness Training / Designated Security DutyCapt Moin Uddin
ISPS training slideshow is for the seafarers to refresh training of SAT / DSD and SSO. These slides are incorporate with lecture and cross question with the trainee. Can be used onboard ship during ISPS scheduled training.
MARPOL is an international convention adopted by IMO for the prevention of marine pollution. Marpol and its annexes are included in this ppt. Happy reading
Effectiveness of isps code in addressing maritime insecurity by caleb danladi...Danladi Caleb
Maritime security comes out as one of the essential issue in the modern society because of the social and political implication towards the achievement of growth and development
A "File Trademark" is a legal term referring to the registration of a unique symbol, logo, or name used to identify and distinguish products or services. This process provides legal protection, granting exclusive rights to the trademark owner, and helps prevent unauthorized use by competitors.
Visit Now: https://www.tumblr.com/trademark-quick/751620857551634432/ensure-legal-protection-file-your-trademark-with?source=share
In 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs established a committee led by Prof. (Dr.) Ranbir Singh, former Vice Chancellor of National Law University (NLU), Delhi. This committee was tasked with reviewing the three codes of criminal law. The primary objective of the committee was to propose comprehensive reforms to the country’s criminal laws in a manner that is both principled and effective.
The committee’s focus was on ensuring the safety and security of individuals, communities, and the nation as a whole. Throughout its deliberations, the committee aimed to uphold constitutional values such as justice, dignity, and the intrinsic value of each individual. Their goal was to recommend amendments to the criminal laws that align with these values and priorities.
Subsequently, in February, the committee successfully submitted its recommendations regarding amendments to the criminal law. These recommendations are intended to serve as a foundation for enhancing the current legal framework, promoting safety and security, and upholding the constitutional principles of justice, dignity, and the inherent worth of every individual.
Responsibilities of the office bearers while registering multi-state cooperat...Finlaw Consultancy Pvt Ltd
Introduction-
The process of register multi-state cooperative society in India is governed by the Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act, 2002. This process requires the office bearers to undertake several crucial responsibilities to ensure compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks. The key office bearers typically include the President, Secretary, and Treasurer, along with other elected members of the managing committee. Their responsibilities encompass administrative, legal, and financial duties essential for the successful registration and operation of the society.
DNA Testing in Civil and Criminal Matters.pptxpatrons legal
Get insights into DNA testing and its application in civil and criminal matters. Find out how it contributes to fair and accurate legal proceedings. For more information: https://www.patronslegal.com/criminal-litigation.html
WINDING UP of COMPANY, Modes of DissolutionKHURRAMWALI
Winding up, also known as liquidation, refers to the legal and financial process of dissolving a company. It involves ceasing operations, selling assets, settling debts, and ultimately removing the company from the official business registry.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of winding up:
Reasons for Winding Up:
Insolvency: This is the most common reason, where the company cannot pay its debts. Creditors may initiate a compulsory winding up to recover their dues.
Voluntary Closure: The owners may decide to close the company due to reasons like reaching business goals, facing losses, or merging with another company.
Deadlock: If shareholders or directors cannot agree on how to run the company, a court may order a winding up.
Types of Winding Up:
Voluntary Winding Up: This is initiated by the company's shareholders through a resolution passed by a majority vote. There are two main types:
Members' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is solvent (has enough assets to pay off its debts) and shareholders will receive any remaining assets after debts are settled.
Creditors' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is insolvent and creditors will be prioritized in receiving payment from the sale of assets.
Compulsory Winding Up: This is initiated by a court order, typically at the request of creditors, government agencies, or even by the company itself if it's insolvent.
Process of Winding Up:
Appointment of Liquidator: A qualified professional is appointed to oversee the winding-up process. They are responsible for selling assets, paying off debts, and distributing any remaining funds.
Cease Trading: The company stops its regular business operations.
Notification of Creditors: Creditors are informed about the winding up and invited to submit their claims.
Sale of Assets: The company's assets are sold to generate cash to pay off creditors.
Payment of Debts: Creditors are paid according to a set order of priority, with secured creditors receiving payment before unsecured creditors.
Distribution to Shareholders: If there are any remaining funds after all debts are settled, they are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stake.
Dissolution: Once all claims are settled and distributions made, the company is officially dissolved and removed from the business register.
Impact of Winding Up:
Employees: Employees will likely lose their jobs during the winding-up process.
Creditors: Creditors may not recover their debts in full, especially if the company is insolvent.
Shareholders: Shareholders may not receive any payout if the company's debts exceed its assets.
Winding up is a complex legal and financial process that can have significant consequences for all parties involved. It's important to seek professional legal and financial advice when considering winding up a company.
ALL EYES ON RAFAH BUT WHY Explain more.pdf46adnanshahzad
All eyes on Rafah: But why?. The Rafah border crossing, a crucial point between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, often finds itself at the center of global attention. As we explore the significance of Rafah, we’ll uncover why all eyes are on Rafah and the complexities surrounding this pivotal region.
INTRODUCTION
What makes Rafah so significant that it captures global attention? The phrase ‘All eyes are on Rafah’ resonates not just with those in the region but with people worldwide who recognize its strategic, humanitarian, and political importance. In this guide, we will delve into the factors that make Rafah a focal point for international interest, examining its historical context, humanitarian challenges, and political dimensions.
NATURE, ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pptxanvithaav
These slides helps the student of international law to understand what is the nature of international law? and how international law was originated and developed?.
The slides was well structured along with the highlighted points for better understanding .
3. Back in the 18th and 19th century when air travel was yet to
take a firm ground, travel by waterways was the only form of
international transport…
Passenger transport through ships and cruise liners was more
of a routine than a luxury, unlike what it is today…
5. The huge loss of life and casualties called for solution
to prevent such accidents in the future..
..and that’s when SOLAS was born
6. The Year was 1914, London England
FIRST CONVENTION
The world leaders met at a conference, to discuss
and adopt a set of regulations,
POPULARLY KNOWN AS SOLAS
7. Consists of Chapters that touch upon various
aspects of shipping safety like
NAVIGATION CONSTRUCTION RADIOTELEGRAPHY
LIFE-SAVING APPLIANCES FIRE PROTECTION
SOLAS – SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA
8. SOME IMPORTANT YEARS
2nd Convention 1929,
took force in 1933
4th Convention 1960,
took force in 1965
July, 2016
Latest Convention
3rd Convention 1948,
took force in 1952
5th Convention 1974,
took force in 1980
9. FEATURES OF SOLAS
SUPPORTED BY 162 COUNTRIES
COVERS A BROAD SET OF AREAS LIKE
SEAFARING
PASSENGER
SHIPS
CARGO TANKERS DEFENSE PATROL
HAZARDOUS MATERIAL
TRANSPORT
NUCLEAR
TRANSPORT
11. CHAPTERS & WHAT THEY ENTAIL
Ch. II-2
Provision of Fire Safety Equipment in a way that it doesn’t affect other cargo
Ch. III
Under Regulation 34 of the International Life-Saving Appliance (LSA) Code, life
saving equipment like life rafts, life boats etc. are to be made compliant with the
LSA code for the safety of the crew in times of distress
12. CHAPTERS & WHAT THEY ENTAIL
Ch. V
Navigation safety services to be provided by contracting
governments to all ships on all voyages
Ch. IV
Radio communications: This chapter entails that all the passenger and cargo
ships of 300 gr. Tonnage on international voyages are to carry a GMDSS
(Global Maritime Distress and Safety System)
13. Ch. VI
Weight Verification of Containers going on board. To be measured, checked
and verified by authorized personnel as per SOLAS guidelines
Ch. IX
Management of Safe Operation of the Ships. Entails the ship owner to
establish a safety management system that conforms to the International
Safety Management Code (ISM)
CHAPTERS & WHAT THEY ENTAIL
14. Ch. XI-2
Special Measures to Enhance Maritime Security. According to Regulation XI-2/3, under
the International Ship and Port Facilities Security Code (ISPS Code), contracting
Governments are to ensure that the port facility plans are developed, implemented
and assessed from time to time, triggering strong actions in case of default.
CHAPTERS & WHAT THEY ENTAIL
16. SOLAS CONFERENCE, 1960
The importance of safety equipment, clothing and lifeboats
was stressed upon in the years after this Conference.
Amendments of 1966 and 1967
Increased focus on fire safety measures and life saving
appliances on board.
1968 – 69
Inclusion of Navigational equipment.
1969 – 73
Nautical Publications, lifebuoys and life jackets were included as an
important safety accessory on board.
1971- 73
Radio Installations, ladders and hoists were included in the list
of mandatory safety equipment.
21. The new regulation of SOLAS 2016 aims to increase safety at sea
All containers must be weighed before being loaded on a ship and
an estimation of the weight is not permitted from 1 July 2016
All the 171 IMO member-nations need to integrate the new
SOLAS amendment to their national law
MORE DETAILS
22. FOR A DETAILED OVERVIEW OF SOLAS
Visit
SOLAS Rules and Regulations detailed on imo.org
Check out our blog post on SOLAS