The document discusses capital punishment and methods of execution. It provides definitions and examples of crimes that may warrant the death penalty, such as murder, terrorism, and child trafficking. Both religious and secular justifications for and against capital punishment are outlined. Modern methods of execution described include lethal injection, electrocution, and hanging.

1. DEATH PENALITY
BY Liza Ormol
4th semester

3. Objectives
• What is death penalty
• crimes which need capital punishment
• Justification behind death penalty
• Islam and capital punishment
• Arguments for and against capital punishment
• Modern methods of execution

4. What is death penalty
• Capital punishment or the death penalty is a legal
process whereby a person is put to death by the state as
a punishment for a crime
• The judicial decree that someone be punished in this
manner is a death sentence
• while the actual process of killing the person is a death
sentence

5. Continue…
• Crimes that result in a death penalty are known as capital
crimes or capital offences
• The term capital originates from the Latin capitalis ,
literally “regarding the head” ( referring to execution by
beheading )
• Capital punishment is practice in which prisoners are
executed in accordance with judicial practice when they
are convicted of committing what is known as a “capital
crime”

6. Crimes which need capital
punishment
• Terrorism
• Child pornography
• Child trafficking
• Drug trafficking
• Dowry murders
• Hijacking vehicles of public transportation
• Arson
• Robbery with murder
• Rape with brutal murder
• Murder

7. 1.Terrorism
• Any act involving the use of terror as a mean of coercion
could be punishable by death
• For the time being , the term has a certain emotional
charge and is associated with the tragic event of 9/11
• Or more recently the Boston bombing as well as several
others

8. 2.Child pornography
• Child pornography is a multi-billion industry and the fastest
growing black market segment worldwide
• Processers of media files depicting children in sexually explicit
content could avoid prosecution by distributing the movies
and pictures across the border
• Numerous countries have worked together and managed to
arrest several suspects from a number of countries in the past
several years

9. 3.Child trafficking
• The recruitment of children for the purpose of exploitation is
considered a severe felony irrespective of whether the
trafficker used force , abducted , deceived , abused power
• These kids are taken away from their family in order to force
them into prostitution and child pornography
• Recent statistics show that children are also abducted to be
brainwashed and trained as soldiers , begging and organ
removal

10. 4.Drug trafficking
• It is important to note that currently there are two types of
drug trafficking; the legal version implies distribution and sale
of substance subjected under prohibition of law
• Illegal drug trade is one of factors that directly linked to other
crimes such us murder and robbery
• These crimes are not just related to third world countries , but
also they are as extensive as in the western civilization

11. 5.Dowry murders
• Murdering the new bride in order to force her family’s hand to
pay additional dowry
• It is a very common crime in Arabic world as well as India and
in extremely rare cases in the western civilizations
• In traditional countries the act is punished by imprisonment ,
the effort of many organization might finally make this crime a
punishable by death

12. 6.Hijacking vehicles of public
transportation
• Hijacking is noting more than a modern term of privacy
• It implies seizing a vehicle – a plane , ship, truck , etc.
• While this was considered a felony punishable by prison time
because it jeopardies the lives of the passengers , the crime
reached a new level and can result in the capital punishment
after the 9/11 attacks
•

13. 7.Arson
• Arson implies deliberately setting fire to another person’s
property , particularly the habitable facility
• Setting fire to an unoccupied building is not considered arson
in criminal law because the facility is not legally a residence
• Regardless of whether arsonist wanted to collect a sum of
cash from the insurance , planed to destroy property or kill the
inhabitance

14. 8.Robery with murder
• Robbery is different from theft due to the use of force to
intimate the victim
• Depriving a person of a property permanently is an awful act
that is usually punished based on whether the robber has a
lethal weapon or if he has injured the victim
• When the victim is murdered because the thief try tries to
protect himself from anyone he considers a threat , then it
become the crime

15. 9.Rape with brutal murder
• Rape refers to a type of sexual assault when one or more
individuals initiate sexual intercourse with a person without
his/her consent
• If it is followed by murder rape becomes an offence that could
be punished by a death sentence

16. 10.Murder
• Murder represent an act of killing another human being
malice aforethought or , most widely known premeditation
• Murders will receive very harsh punishments such as life in
prison or the capital punishment in some countries
• On other hand crimes committed for the purpose of self
defense are debatable and don’t involve the death sentence

17. Justification behind death
penalty
• All guilty people deserve to be punished
• Only guilty people deserve to be punished
• Guilty people deserve to be punished in proportion to the
severity of their crime
• This argument states that real justice requires people to suffer
for their wrongdoing , and to suffer in a way appropriate for
the crime
• Each criminal should get what their crime deserves and in the
case of a murderer what their crime deserve is death
• -Justice A.S.Anand and N .P . Singh , supreme court of India

18. Islam and capital punishment
• Islam on the whole accept capital punishment
• Take not life , which God has made sacred , except by way of
justice and law. Thus does he command you , so that you may
learn wisdom
• Quran 6:151
• But even though the death penalty is allowed, forgiveness is
preferable. Forgiveness together with peace , is predominate
Quranic theme.
• Methods of execution in Islamic countries vary and can
include beheading, firing squad, hanging and stoning

19. Continue…
• Islamic countries that practice a very strict Sharia law are
associated with the use of capital punishment as retribution
for the largest verity of crimes
• in Islamic law , the death penalty is appropriate for two group
of crimes:
• International murder : in these cases the victim's family is
given the option as to whether or not to insist on a
punishment of severity
• Fasad fil-ardh (‘spreading mischief in the land’): Islam permits
the death penalty for anyone who threatens to undermine
authority or destabilize the state

20. Arguments For and Against
Capital punishment
• The human declaration of human rights – 1948
• Article 3 : Everyone has the right to life , liberty and security of
a person
• Article 5 : No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel ,
inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
• Deterrence
• For:
• Capital punishment has a deterrent effect . Fear of the death
penalty will keep potential murderers from committing the
crime.

21. Continue…
• Against :
• Research has failed to provide valid scientific proof that capital
punishment has a deterrent effect.
• In fact, U.S. states that abolished the death penalty have lower
homicide rates than retentionist states, as do countries
without the death penalty
• Retribution :
• For :
• “An eye for an eye , a tooth”. Justice means to give someone a
taste of their own medicine.

22. Continue…
• Against :
• If we give back to the perpetrator what he gave the victim , we
would prove to be no better than the offender.
• For example : we don’t rape . A rapist , nor do we cause bodily
harm to a person guilty of assault.
• Terrorism is different :
• For:
• Terrorists attack a nation and human society at their roots ,
thereby threatening the continued existence of modern
civilization and culture.

23. Continue…
• Against :
• The death penalty does not deter any terrorists from
committing terrorist acts.
• Terrorists fanatically believe in what they do , and the brutality
they often apply is an effort to martyr themselves for their
cause , which for them is mean of “ salvation .”
• Public opinion :
• For :
• In a democratic system , the will of the people must be
headed – in most US states the majority favor capital
punishment.

24. Continue…
• Against :
• Public opinion is dangerous by nature , as ‘opinion’ is not an
equivalent to knowledge
• Human instinct must not be disavowed ; however , when it
comes to institutions such as legal system , decisions should
not be based upon it.

25. Continue…
• The cot for life in prison :
• For:
• Hardened criminals have it nice and easy in a “cushy”
environment complete with TV and are fed with taxpayers
money .
• We should not waste taxpayers money on lengthy
incarceration
• Against :
• Currently , in the US the cost of an execution from the start of
trial until the death warrant is enforced by fat the cost of life
sentence.

26. Modern Methods of Execution
• Lethal injection
• The electronic chair
• Gas chamber
• Single person shooting
• Firing squad
• Hanging
• Beheading
• Guillotine
• Stoning
• garrote

27. 1.Lethal Injection
• In this method the prisoner is taken to the execution chamber
and two IV are inserted in his arms
• A saline solution is fed through the tubes
• Once the IV tubes are connected , the curtains are drawn
black so that witness may watch the execution , and the
prisoner is allowed to make his last statement

28. Continue…
• The drug contains :
• Sodium thiopental : this is used in surgeries up to 150 mg ,but
in execution its used up to 5000 mg .
• This is a lethal dose , if prisoner is still alive , he should feel
nothing
• Pancuronium bromide : this is a muscle relaxed given in a
strong enough dose to paralyses the diaphragm and lungs
• Its normal medical dose is 40 -100 mg , but for execution its
100 mg
• Potassium chloride : this is a toxic agent that fist two drug is
sufficient to bring about death

29. 2. The electronic chair
• The electric chair is invented by Harold p . Brown who was
employed by Thomas Edison for the sole purpose of
investigation the uses of electricity for execution
• In this execution method , the prisoner is strapped to the chair
with metal straps and a wet sponge is placed in his head
• Electricity is placed on the head and leg to create a closed
circuit
• This is generally 2000 volts for 15 seconds for the first current
• The second current is for damaging the internal organs

30. 3. Gas chamber
• It has gained its importance from the use in the German
prison camps during world war II .
• Prior the execution , the executer will place potassium cyanide
(KCN) pellets into the chair
• Then the prisoner is brought in and secured the chair and then
the chamber is sealed
• The executer pours a quantity of concentrated sulfuric acid
(H2SO4) through a tube which leads holding compartment in
chair
• The curtains are drawn back for witness to see the execution
and the prisoner is asked to make his last statement

31. 4.Single person shooting
Execution by shooting is the most common method of execution
in the world , used in more than 70 countries
Single person shooting is still found in Soviet Russia , a signal
bullet to the back of head is mostly used
In Taiwan , the prisoner is first injected with the strong
anesthetic to render him senseless and then a bullet is fired to
his heart

32. 5.Firing squad
• The firing squad is considered by many to be most honorable
method of execution
• In this method , A group of men then fire a single bullet in the
heart of prisoner
• In some of cases , one of shooters is given a blank- so
afterwards he will feel less guilt

33. 6.Hanging
• Hanging is carried out variety of methods:
• The short drop is when the prisoner is made stand on a object
which is then thrust away
• Leaving them by strangulation , this was a common method
using by the Nazis
• Suspension hanging , (very popular in Iran ) is when the
gallows itself is moveable
• The standard drop was in common use in English nations after
the 1850s , it involved tying the noose break around the
prisoners neck

34. 7. Beheading
• In some nations that adhere to Islamic Sharia law , beheading
are still a commonly used method
• Sudia Arabia is a country that used it most often
• The is normally carried out on a Friday night in a public
outside the main mosque of the city after prayers
• The penalty can be dealt for rape , murder , drug related
crimes , and ( apostasy of religious beliefs )

35. 8.Guillotine
• Antoine Louis is that one who come up with the design of this
method
• This is one of two methods on this list which is no longer in
used in the world
• Device itself is a large timber frame with a space at the
bottom for the neck of the prisoner .
• At the top of the machine is a large angled blade . Once the
prisoner is secured, the blade dropped
• this method was official execution method in franc until 1918

36. 9.Stoning
• Stoning to death is when a person’s movement are restricted
and an organized group throws stones at them until death.
• Under Islamic Sharia law , stoning is acceptable method of
execution and its used in many Islamic nations
• In Iran , stoning is for adultery and other crimes
• Article 104 of the law of Hodoud provides that the stones
should not be so large that a person dies after being hit with
two of them , nor so small , but must cause serve injury

37. 10.Garrote
• The garrote is the second method in list , which is no longer in
use
• This method is normally used in Spain until 1978
• It normally consist of a seat in which the prisoner was
restrained while the executer tightened a metal band around
his neck until he died

38. References :
Topics :
• What is death penalty
• Crimes which need capital
punishment
• Justification behind death
penalty
• Islam and capital
punishment
• Arguments for and against
human rights
• Modern methods of
execution
Websites :
• Wikipedia.com
• Top-10-list.org
• bbc.co.uk
• -Ethics guide
• Bbc.co.uk
• -Religious
• Lifespark.org
• Listverse.com