Shivam BLi.Sc. This ppt is about databases and their types in library and information science

1. DATABASE
BIBLIOGRAHIC,FULL
TEXT,NUMERIC,
MULTIMEDIA
AND
OPEN ACCESS
Prepared By
Shivam
BLIS
BBAU,
Lucknow

2. Table Of Contents
▸ Data
▸ Types of Data
▸ Data Processing
▸ Database
▸ Properties and Objectives of database
▸ DBMS
▸ Database Component
▸ Advantages of DBMS
▸ Types of Database
▸ Role of Databases in Dissemination of Information
▸ Future prospects of databases
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3. Data
▸ Data that has its plural form derived form the Latin word “Datum”
▸ It is a raw facts ,statistics that represent things or events that have
happened and it is single factual, a single entity and a single point of matter.
▸ Data can also arise from direct capture, or as a by-product of another
operation and can exist in any form, usable or not as it does not have any
meaning.
▸ It include numbers, characters, symbols, images etc. which can be
processed by a machine or human to derive meaning results.
▸ For example, readings from census, survey facts, etc.
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4. Types of Data
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TEXT
MULTIMEDIA
GRAPHICS
Alphabets, Numbers, Symbols, Characters
Color, Image, Photo, Shape, Picture, Drawings
Audio, Video
Data
Processing

5. Database
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▸ Database are organized collections of information that can be easily accessed ,
managed and updated. The information is usually structured into smaller units
like records having fields and sub-fields.
▸ Fields are collection of data and sub-fields are data within a field. When it is
organized in such a manner, it may be said that the data is structured.
▸ Searching of information is the prime advantage of organizing information in
databases. Instead of the sequential browsing/ searching, information can be
searched using a key and can be accessed. Database
Table
Record
Field
Data

6. Properties and Objectives of
database
Properties
▸ It eliminates or reduces data duplication
and enhances data independence by
permitting application programs to be
insensitive to changes in the database
▸ It is integrated with provisions for different
applications
▸ It permits shared access.
Objectives
▸ To make the data available
to wide variety of users
▸ Maintaining privacy,
security, quality and
integrity of databases
▸ Centralized control of data
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7. DBMS
▸ Database management system is a software which is used to manage the
database. DBMS provides an interface to perform various operations like
database creation, storing data in it, updating data , creating table in the
database and a lot more.
▸ It provides protection and security to the database. In case of multiple users,
it also maintains data consistency. Storing the data has been a challenge
before introducing DBMS.
▸ Initially data was stored in text files and the process was known as File
Management System.
▸ Example: MySQL, Oracle , MS Access etc.
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8. Database component
▸ Data
▸ Hardware
▸ Software
▸ Structured Query language (SQL) : SQL is a standard language for storing,
manipulation and retrieving data in database. It became a standard of the
ANSI and ISO in 1986 and 1987 respectively
▸ Procedure
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9. Advantages of DBMS
▸ Controls database redundancy
▸ Data sharing
▸ Easily Maintenance
▸ Reduce time
▸ Backup
▸ Multiple user interface
▸ Data Integrity
▸ Data security
▸ Privacy
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10. Bibliographic Database
▸ Bibliographic databases the data stores comprise inputs of bibliographic
details of a document for identification storage and retrieval purposes, under
bibliographic records.
▸ A bibliographic records comprises of fields like document number, title,
author(s), ISBN, publisher, year, imprints, source reference, abstract,
indexing words or phrases , citation ,local information such as classification
number, book number, location etc.
▸ It provides an organized collection of references to published literature,
including journal articles, newspaper etc. and it may be general in nature or
may be in a particular subject area.
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11. Example-
▸ PubMed database
▸ J-Gate
▸ Caplus Database
▸ AGRICOLA
▸ EMBASE
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12. Numeric Database
▸ Numeric Databases provide mostly numeric data such as statistics , financial
data, census information , economic indicators etc. Statistical data forms
the basis of several research and survey projects and hence are very
important.
▸ One of the main advantages of numeric databases is that the data can be
transformed and manipulated by computer programs to get the desired
output.
▸ Example:
Census Bureau databases and databases containing stock market information
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13. FULL-Text Database
▸ Full-text databases contain the complete text of publications . They are not
just bibliographic data but also contain full text of the documents.
▸ Only the bibliographical details and abstracts are provided.
▸ The popular resources are the theses and dissertations collections of
colleges and universities.
▸ Example:
▸ Emerald Journals
▸ Google Scholar
▸ Shodhganga
▸ Digital Library
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14. Multimedia Database
▸ Multimedia databases are quite different from standard databases with
multimedia storage and handling capabilities. As the name implies,
multimedia comprises different kinds of media, including image, video, audio,
graphics, animation, text, etc.
▸ It include fingerprints databases, maps and photos, commentaries, music
collections , annotated video etc.
▸ Example : Electrocardiograms etc.
▸ The challenges of multimedia databases are unlike numeric or character data,
multimedia data requires huge amount of storage capability and increased
processing speed.
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15. Open Access Database
▸ A selection of databases in all subject areas that are freely available on the
Internet, including article indexes and abstracts, and occasional full texts.
▸ It is a publishing model for scholarly communication that makes research
information available to readers at no cost, as opposed to the traditional
subscription model in which readers have access to scholarly information by
paying a subscription (usually via libraries).
▸ A large number of Government agencies, research institutions and academic
institutions across the world create databases in various fields of science
and technology,
▸ Today, many of these databases are available free on the World Wide Web
through individual portals or websites of the respective organizations.
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16. ▸ The objective of Open Access Databases is to create a web-enabled , linked,
classified and categorized collection which one can access from a single portal.
▸ Example:
▸ The DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals ) was launched in 2003 with 300
open access journals. Today, this independent database contains over 15,000
peer- reviewed open access journals covering all areas of science, technology,
medicine, social science , arts and humanities.
▸ JSTOR provides access to more than 12 million academic journal articles, books,
and primary sources in 75 disciplines.
▸ Medline is a medical resources database containing about 11 million references
to journal articles.
▸ BIOSIS is a bibliographic database covering worldwide research on all biological
and biomedical topics.
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17. Role of Databases in
Dissemination of Information:
▸ Resource Sharing
▸ Bibliographic control
▸ Reference Services such as CAS/SDI etc.
▸ Easy retrieval
▸ Quick Service
▸ Remote accessible
▸ Onetime cost
▸ Multi accessing
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18. FUTURE PROSPECTS OF
DATABASES
▸ One of the developments associated with World Wide
Web is the availability of the abstracting and indexing
and full text journal articles and other databases from
their publishers direct to the tend user.
▸ In the expanding resources of ‘virtual library’ different
measures are needed. Changes in the mode of
technological availability have been rapid in the last
decade , each innovation necessitating modification of
approach.
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19. References
▸ https://www.oakton.edu/user/2/rjtaylor/CIS101/Text/PowerPointPresent
ations/morley15e__ppt_ch14%20REV.pdf
▸ https://nios.ac.in/media/documents/330srsec/online_course_material_33
0/Theory/Lesson_23.pdf
▸ https://epgp.inflibnet.ac.in/Home/ViewSubject?catid=21
▸ http://www.egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/26271/1/Unit-6.pdf
▸ https://nios.ac.in/media/documents/SrSec320NEW/320_Accountancy_En
g/320_Accountancy_Eng_Lesson38.pdf
▸ https://nios.ac.in/media/documents/SrSecLibrary/LCh-008.pdf
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THANKS!
Any questions?