(a) Text: notes, captions, subtitles, contents, indexes. (b) Data: tables, charts, graphs, spreadsheets. (c) Graphics: drawings, prints, maps, etc. (d) Photographic images : negatives, slides, prints . (e) Animation: including both computer generated, video, etc. (f) Audio: speech and music digitized from cassettes, tapes, CDs, etc. (g) Video (digital): either converted from analogue film or entirely created within a computer.

1. MULTIMEDIAAPPLICATIONIN LIBRARIES
GAURAV BOUDH

2. INTRODUCTION
Multimedia technology is one of the components of information
technology that is also being used in libraries and information
science or centers in the handling and dissemination of
information.
 It has affected all fields of the human life. Broadly speaking
information technology deals with the information systems,
data, storage, access, retrieval, analysis and is intelligent
decision making for enhancing organizational effectiveness.
 Developments in computers and information technology have
brought out new dimension to the programmes of information
handling and use.
 Technological development have given rise the new ideas
relating to collection, processing and dissemination of
information..

3. CONTD..
 These developments and ideas including use of multi-media
technology. Multimedia technology is a combination of several
forms .
 The form of information could be text, audio, visual graphics,
image, audio or video etc. Advancement of information
technology, multi-media systems plays a more important role
and put an impact on our lives.
 From home entertainment, through training, education,
medicine and health services and financial services to business
communication, multimedia plays an important role.

4. WHAT IS MULTIMEDIA?
 Multimedia is formed by the combination to two term” Multi
and Media” .Multimedia is a combination of some or all forms
such as text, data, images, photographs, animation, audio and
video, which are converted from different formats into a single
platform .
 All hypermedia products are multimedia products except vice
versa. The basic difference between hypermedia and
multimedia is in the organization and linkages of the
information fragments.
source: https://www.123rf.com/stock-
photo/multimedia.html?

5. DEFINITION
 According to oxford English Dictionary “ Multimedia is designing
pertaining to a form of artist ,educational or commercial
communication in which more than one medium is used.”
Multimedia can be defined as “Multimedia is the field concerned
with the computer-controlled integration of text, graphics,
drawings, still and moving images(video)
,animation, audio, and any other media where every type of
information can be represented, stored ,transmitted and processed
digitally”.

6. NEED OF MULTIMEDIA
 With the information explosion, the literature has been growing at an
exponential rate causing problems of space for storages as well as for
utilizing of vast amount of information.
 A user has to spend most of his valuable time in searching and reading
literature for information on a desired subject. The failure to locate the
required information leads to duplication of work already done.
 For this the librarians have to play a great role in helping users to give
birth to new ideas and understanding insights,for this they have to equip
themselves with the latest information and communication technology to
provide efficient services in future .
 Over the past decade, ever increasing number of libraries and
information centres in many country have developed computer based
bibliographic information system in place of traditional card catalogues
for identification and location of documents available in the libraries.

7. ELEMENTS OF THE MULTIMEDIA
(a) Text: notes, captions, subtitles, contents, indexes.
(b) Data: tables, charts, graphs, spreadsheets.
(c) Graphics: drawings, prints, maps, etc.
(d) Photographic images : negatives, slides, prints .
(e) Animation: including both computer generated,
video, etc.
(f) Audio: speech and music digitized from cassettes,
tapes, CDs, etc.
(g) Video (digital): either converted from analogue film
or entirely created within a computer.

8. CONTD..
One or more of the following media and / or their combination
form part of any Multimedia application.
Text
Since computers can display a variety of fonts, in innumerable
colors and combinations, multiple fonts in beautiful colors and
backgrounds feature in almost all the multimedia applications and
the ultimate result appears far better than the printed texts.
Graphics
This includes, pictures, photographs, graphs and charts and other
art works. It is this media that makes up a visually fascinating
material. The old proverb “A picture is worth a thousand words’
still holds true.

9. CONTD…
Animation
This refers to the artificial movements of texts or other
multimedia objects created in virtual environments, using
specialized software packages. Animations are primarily used to
demonstrate an idea or illustrate a concept. Video is usually taken
from life, whereas animations are based on drawings. Animations
are perhaps the most interesting part of multimedia computing
but are extensively time consuming while creating and demand
heavy artistic capabilities.
Audio
This includes speeches, music and other types of sounds. Audio
element is generally used to enhance the usual multimedia
environment.

10. CONTD..
Video
This includes the actual video clips that could be embedded right
over the applications and can be played back without a hitch. The
sizes of the clippings are usually much smaller than that from video
cassette players.
source:https://www.google.co.in/search
?q=multimedia+elements

11. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:
A stand alone multimedia required following hardware configuration
:
 Computer
 Monitor
 Means of User
 Input Devices
 CD Device and CD ROM
 Sound Synthesizer
 Scanner
 Printer
 Video Camera
source:
https://www.google.co.in/search?q=mul
timedia+software+requirement

12. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT FOR MULTIMEDIA
We can classify multimedia software as a system software . some
of the example are given below:
 Video for Window
 Quick time
 Digital Video Interface
 Multimedia Technology
 Some of these software are necessary for multimedia
environments – Photoshop, Adobe Dreamweaver, Adobe
Fireworks, Gimp, Google, Sketchup, Adobe Flash Player, Adobe
CS4 etc.
source:https://www.google.co.in/search?q=mu
ltimedia+software+requirement

13. GENERAL APPLICATIONS OF MULTIMEDIA
 Multimedia technology is used for different purposes by various
persons in different organizations, offices, institutions and in different
environments. The main function of the multimedia is to collect, store,
organize, dissemination etc. of information by various methods and at
different places. Some of common applications of multimedia are as
follows.
a. It’s used in instructions/training and technical presentation.
b. In multimedia communication such as multimedia e-mail, personal
conferences,
video phones, video conferencing etc.
c. In public information points/kiosks for libraries, museums hospitals,
tourist sites,
moments etc.
d. In medical information systems.

14. CONTD..
e. In multimedia databases and multimedia information banks.
f. In multimedia newspapers, books and other information
sources.
g. In reference books such as encyclopedias and directories.
h. In archival systems.
i. In geographical information systems.
j. In electronic publishing.
k. In technical writing and engineering designs.
l. In entertainment.
m. In conferences, trade shows, museums and libraries.
n. In the catalogue of information products
o. In tourist information system.

15. MULTIMEDIAAPPLICATION IN
LIBRARIES:
 Many big libraries including the Library of Congress (LC), British
Library, OCLC, etc. are building their collections in multimedia
form.
 The main type of multimedia products being sought in libraries are
reference and educational. Other related categories include
databases (both bibliographic and full text), electronic books,
software and their training packages, entertainment, leisure, etc.
 American Centre Library, British Council Libraries and a few
other libraries in Delhi are having good number of multimedia
PCs (MPCs) for using Internet and multimedia resources to their
users.

16. MULTIMEDIA LIBRARY REFERENCE AND
GENERAL COLLECTION
Vast collection of information in the form of optical storage devices
such as CDROMs, DVDs, etc. is available in digital format and can
be presented in multimedia formats. The users can view any subject
at any time, based on their information needs.
The reference and general collection consists of:
 Encyclopedias.
 Dictionaries, Directories.
 Year Books.
 Electronic Books.
 Reference Manuals.
 E-journals, Electronic Newspapers.
 Hypermedia fiction.

17. EXAMPLES OF MULTIMEDIA APPLICATION IN
LIBRARIES
 Electronic Publishing
The emergence of CD-ROM technology, CD-Writers and recordable
CD-ROMs solve some of the problems of storing and archiving their
rare and less used materials. Now several big libraries have started
publishing their special collections, image databases, OPACs etc. in
multimedia CD-ROMs. It is one of the most viable alternatives to paper
based publishing.
 Multimedia Based Databases
Now days a large number of photographs, artifacts, audio recording and
textual material in various collections are available in libraries.
Multimedia helping the librarians in integrating all the information from
various forms/sources, subject wiseand meaningful multimedia
databases both for day-to-day use and archiving.

18. CONTD..
 Library Walk through Programmes
Many libraries in US and Europe started using hypermedia for designing
library‘Walk through Programmes to provide quick reference to their library
users.
 Electronic Library
Several electronic library projects such as ELINOR, OCLC, etc. are underway
to cover their print media into digital multimedia collection to attract more and
more users. This media has the capacity to store, manipulate and transfer
information in the form of text as well as audiovisuals. It is possible to
combine both of them.
 Instruction / Training
Multimedia systems were initially very expensive to develop, early users of
training systems reported overall benefits from the use of the technology. The
savings n training costs are achieved. Various libraries have started using
multimedia as a tool to train their staff.

19. ADVANTAGES OF
MULTIMEDIA IN LIBRARY SCIENCE :
 Multimedia make the program easy, interesting excellent
and user friendly.
 It Increase Learning Efficiency.
 By using multimedia be can add interesting sound and
animated effect.
 Multimedia Element are easy to use.
 Multimedia helps user to browse & navigate easily.
 Its enhanced Networking and resource sharing.
 Its provide good quality video, image, animation etc.
 Multimedia give freedom to its user for searching &
information.
 Multimedia create 3-D effect of object in a variety of ways.

20. DISADVANTAGES OF MULTIMEDIA IN LIBRARY
SCIENCE :
 Multimedia required a maximum amount of money this is very
difficult of small label Library.
 Its required Trained staff for development & management of
media.
 Converting all the resource in the digital multimedia and then
storing is very difficult.
 Its required special software and hardware.
 There are a lack of search and pattern recognized capability for
locating the Information.

21. LIMITATION OF MULTIMEDIA
There are some limitations also in using multimedia technology.
a. Multimedia hardware and software’s are much costly.
b. Multimedia software is not available in more number.
c. There are so many drawbacks also in storage technology in
multimedia.
d. No hardware and software is freely available to setup big sized
multimedia digital libraries.
e. There is lack of trained personals also to develop and
management of multimedia databases.
f. More time is needed to multimedia function.

22. CONCLUSION :
At the end we can conclude that The multimedia which is the
emergency and convergence of modern technology has brought about
significance change in the field of library and information Science.
Multimedia technology will help to resume barriers and distance and
the time. It is the power and capacity of multimedia technology that
help every reader to get the information which he or she wants.
Multimedia is fully revolutionized which he or she wants.
Multimedia is fully revolutionized our society and institution
particularly our libraries, it provide better links between the users and
its required information.

23. REFERENCES
 Satpathy,kishor and Sinha,Manoj kumar “Multimedia application in
libraries”. Journal of Information, library and Society 15 (2002)
 Bhardwaj, Mukul and Amit kumar “Role of Multimedia Technology in
libraries” Research Spectra. 2.1(2016).
 Umrav Singh“Use of Multimedia in libraries” Davv University ,Indore.