[ not maintained/updated & only of archival value] Classroom slide-deck that I used in a class I taught in 2013/14 for development professionals

1. Data sources for development
professionals
Prashanth N S
Faculty, Institute of Public Health, Bangalore
Visiting faculty, Azim Premji University

2. Making data speak…
• Hans Rosling & the gapminder tool

3. Movie 1

4. Gapminder

5. Gapminder view from Tumkur study

6. DIY Gapminder (google screenshot)

7. Where’s the data?
• Primary data
• Secondary data
– Routine system data: Quality issues,
– Closed systems: Lack of “Open”ness
– Data mindedness -> Data informs action?
(cf case study of B&D registration)

8. Case study: India’s civil registration
system
• System origin & structure
• Outputs
• Issues
• RTIable but…
• Dependence on surveys: Million death study

9. Sources of
data in
India

10. Sources of health data
1. Census
2. Registration of Vital Events
3. Sample Registration System (SRS)
4. Notification of Diseases
5. Hospital Records
6. Disease Registers
7. Record Linkage
8. Epidemiological Surveillance

11. 9. Other Health Service Records
10. Environmental Health Data
11. Health Manpower Statistics
12.Population Surveys

12. Vital events
• Live births
• Deaths
• Foetal deaths
• Marriages
• Divorces
• Adoptions

13. • SRS is based on a system of double recording
method. The first part of record collection is
done by a part time enumerator (usually the
local school teachers) in his or her area.
• In the second part, once in six months, an
official from the SRS department, who is a full
time enumerator independently collects data
on these aspects from all the households in the
sample villages and urban blocks.
• Matching done and unmatched records are
reverified
• The SRS is undertaken under the authority of
the Registrar General of India.
Sample registration system

14. • As of now, the SRS has more than 6670
sampling units, including 4435 in rural and
2235 in urban areas, covering a sample
population of almost 6 million population.
• Each rural sampling unit has a complete
village (subject to maximum population of
1500) while each urban sampling unit is
equivalent to an urban census enumeration
block with population of 750 to 1,000.

15. Other surveys
• National Sample Survey Organisation conducts
sample surveys at varying periods
– HH expenditure
– Nutritional intake
– Morbidity, healthcare and condition of aged
– Urban slums
– Disabled

16. • Usually diseases considered to be serious
public menace are notified.
• As per International Health Regulation ,
Cholera, Plague , Yellow Fever are to be
notified to WHO, Geneva.
• International Surveillance is required for
Louse borne Typhus, relapsing Fever,
Polio, Influenza, Malaria, Rabies,
Salmonellosis etc
• The primary purpose of notification is to effect
prevention & control of disease.
• Mainly Health workers at grass-root level
report the disease.
Notifiable diseases

17. Problems with notifiable diseases
• Huge/unregistered/unregulated private sector
• First point of care often not a formal health
provider
• Duplicate surveillance systems
(vertical/disease-oriented)
• Poor “response” to notifications – lack of
feedback & response

18. 1. Not comprehensive; only capture a
small part of disease burden in society
2. Admission determined by ability to
pay and other social factors
3. Hospitals (esp. private) do not have
catchment area
Hospital records

19. Other Health Service Records
1. Records of hospitals OPD .
2. Primary Health
Centres/CHCs/TH/DH
3. District-level offices:
DHO/DICDSO/Dsurv.O. DC office for
DSO etc
4. Private practitioners & hospitals

20. Disease registers
• A register is a permanent record & here the
cases can be followed-up.
• Morbidity registers exist only for Stroke, MI,
TB, Leprosy, Congenital Rubella &
congenital defects.
• If the reporting system is effective, & the
coverage is on national basis, than register
can provide useful data on disease specific
morbidity & mortality.

21. Surveillance systems
• HIV sentinel surveillance (since 1998)
• National Crime Records Bureau (1967)
• National Cancer registry – only city-based
• IDSP, NPSP, NVBDCP
• Behavioural surveillance – risk factors
• NNMB

22. Others
• NHA, SHA
• Modelling – NCMH (after WHO CMH by Jeff
Sachs) – looked at mortality, causes of death,
morbidity, health infrastructure
• Global burden of disease

23. Environmental Health Data
• It may be the data of air water &
noise pollution
• Industrial intoxicants.
• PCBs

24. Health Manpower Statistics
• State Medical/ dental / Nursing
Council can provide information of the
respective health manpower.
• Ministry of Health & Family Welfare ,
Govt. Of India publishes every year the
statistics data as “Health Information
of India.”
• Central Bureau of Health Information

27. http://rural.nic.in/sites/idfc.asp

28. http://ihds.umd.edu/data.html

29. http://data.worldbank.org/country/in
dia

30. http://www.rchiips.org/NFHS/nfhs4.sh
tml

31. http://dhsprogram.com

32. http://www.rchiips.org/obtainingdata.
html

34. http://dss.princeton.edu/cgi-
bin/dataresources/newdataresources.cgi?term=
57

35. http://guides.lib.umich.edu/phfi

36. Indian Government Open Data Initiative
NDSAP
Data Portal

37. Open Government Platform

38. DATA PORTAL INDIA

42. DATA PORTAL INDIA : data.gov.in
• Facilitates Citizen Engagement
• Rate Data Sets
• Comment on quality of Datasets
• Embed Datasets in
Website, Blogs, Social Media Pages
• Provision to Suggest Datasets

43. Data Portal India
Visualization Service

49. Movie 2