This chapter introduces data mining and discusses its rise due to the massive growth of digital data. It describes data mining as the automated process of discovering patterns and knowledge from large data sets. The chapter outlines several key aspects of data mining, including the types of data that can be mined, the patterns that can be discovered, the technologies used, and its applications across various domains.
What is Big Data? What is Data Science? What are the benefits? How will they evolve in my organisation?
Built around the premise that the investment in big data is far less than the cost of not having it, this presentation made at a tech media industry event, this presentation will unveil and explore the nuances of Big Data and Data Science and their synergy forming Big Data Science. It highlights the benefits of investing in it and defines a path to their evolution within most organisations.
Data Science Training | Data Science For Beginners | Data Science With Python...Simplilearn
This Data Science presentation will help you understand what is Data Science, who is a Data Scientist, what does a Data Scientist do and also how Python is used for Data Science. Data science is an interdisciplinary field of scientific methods, processes, algorithms and systems to extract knowledge or insights from data in various forms, either structured or unstructured, similar to data mining. This Data Science tutorial will help you establish your skills at analytical techniques using Python. With this Data Science video, you’ll learn the essential concepts of Data Science with Python programming and also understand how data acquisition, data preparation, data mining, model building & testing, data visualization is done. This Data Science tutorial is ideal for beginners who aspire to become a Data Scientist.
This Data Science presentation will cover the following topics:
1. What is Data Science?
2. Who is a Data Scientist?
3. What does a Data Scientist do?
This Data Science with Python course will establish your mastery of data science and analytics techniques using Python. With this Python for Data Science Course, you’ll learn the essential concepts of Python programming and become an expert in data analytics, machine learning, data visualization, web scraping and natural language processing. Python is a required skill for many data science positions, so jumpstart your career with this interactive, hands-on course.
Why learn Data Science?
Data Scientists are being deployed in all kinds of industries, creating a huge demand for skilled professionals. A data scientist is the pinnacle rank in an analytics organization. Glassdoor has ranked data scientist first in the 25 Best Jobs for 2016, and good data scientists are scarce and in great demand. As a data you will be required to understand the business problem, design the analysis, collect and format the required data, apply algorithms or techniques using the correct tools, and finally make recommendations backed by data.
You can gain in-depth knowledge of Data Science by taking our Data Science with python certification training course. With Simplilearn’s Data Science certification training course, you will prepare for a career as a Data Scientist as you master all the concepts and techniques. Those who complete the course will be able to:
1. Gain an in-depth understanding of data science processes, data wrangling, data exploration, data visualization, hypothesis building, and testing. You will also learn the basics of statistics.
Install the required Python environment and other auxiliary tools and libraries
2. Understand the essential concepts of Python programming such as data types, tuples, lists, dicts, basic operators and functions
3. Perform high-level mathematical computing using the NumPy package and its largelibrary of mathematical functions.
Learn more at: https://www.simplilearn.com
Data as a Profit Driver – Emerging Techniques to Monetize Data as a Strategic...DATAVERSITY
The Digital Economy is changing the way organizations do business across the globe, and is set to transform the economy on an unprecedented scale. Business optimization, and entirely new business models are emerging as data-driven technology provides unprecedented opportunity for innovation and change. In many organizations, data not only supports business profitability, but data itself has become the critical business asset.
What does it mean to leverage data as a business asset? And how can today’s data-centric technologies support the data-driven revolution? Join our expert panelists as they discuss the latest innovations in the data landscape.
What is Big Data? What is Data Science? What are the benefits? How will they evolve in my organisation?
Built around the premise that the investment in big data is far less than the cost of not having it, this presentation made at a tech media industry event, this presentation will unveil and explore the nuances of Big Data and Data Science and their synergy forming Big Data Science. It highlights the benefits of investing in it and defines a path to their evolution within most organisations.
Data Science Training | Data Science For Beginners | Data Science With Python...Simplilearn
This Data Science presentation will help you understand what is Data Science, who is a Data Scientist, what does a Data Scientist do and also how Python is used for Data Science. Data science is an interdisciplinary field of scientific methods, processes, algorithms and systems to extract knowledge or insights from data in various forms, either structured or unstructured, similar to data mining. This Data Science tutorial will help you establish your skills at analytical techniques using Python. With this Data Science video, you’ll learn the essential concepts of Data Science with Python programming and also understand how data acquisition, data preparation, data mining, model building & testing, data visualization is done. This Data Science tutorial is ideal for beginners who aspire to become a Data Scientist.
This Data Science presentation will cover the following topics:
1. What is Data Science?
2. Who is a Data Scientist?
3. What does a Data Scientist do?
This Data Science with Python course will establish your mastery of data science and analytics techniques using Python. With this Python for Data Science Course, you’ll learn the essential concepts of Python programming and become an expert in data analytics, machine learning, data visualization, web scraping and natural language processing. Python is a required skill for many data science positions, so jumpstart your career with this interactive, hands-on course.
Why learn Data Science?
Data Scientists are being deployed in all kinds of industries, creating a huge demand for skilled professionals. A data scientist is the pinnacle rank in an analytics organization. Glassdoor has ranked data scientist first in the 25 Best Jobs for 2016, and good data scientists are scarce and in great demand. As a data you will be required to understand the business problem, design the analysis, collect and format the required data, apply algorithms or techniques using the correct tools, and finally make recommendations backed by data.
You can gain in-depth knowledge of Data Science by taking our Data Science with python certification training course. With Simplilearn’s Data Science certification training course, you will prepare for a career as a Data Scientist as you master all the concepts and techniques. Those who complete the course will be able to:
1. Gain an in-depth understanding of data science processes, data wrangling, data exploration, data visualization, hypothesis building, and testing. You will also learn the basics of statistics.
Install the required Python environment and other auxiliary tools and libraries
2. Understand the essential concepts of Python programming such as data types, tuples, lists, dicts, basic operators and functions
3. Perform high-level mathematical computing using the NumPy package and its largelibrary of mathematical functions.
Learn more at: https://www.simplilearn.com
Data as a Profit Driver – Emerging Techniques to Monetize Data as a Strategic...DATAVERSITY
The Digital Economy is changing the way organizations do business across the globe, and is set to transform the economy on an unprecedented scale. Business optimization, and entirely new business models are emerging as data-driven technology provides unprecedented opportunity for innovation and change. In many organizations, data not only supports business profitability, but data itself has become the critical business asset.
What does it mean to leverage data as a business asset? And how can today’s data-centric technologies support the data-driven revolution? Join our expert panelists as they discuss the latest innovations in the data landscape.
Data Science is a wonderful technology that has applications in almost every field. Let's learn the basics of this domain on 16th March at (time).
Agenda
1. What is Data Science? How is it different from ML, DL, and AI
2. Why is this skill in demand?
3. What are some popular applications of Data Science
4. Popular tools and frameworks used in Data Science
How to track and improve Customer Experience with LEO CDPTrieu Nguyen
1) Why CX measurement is so important
2) Introduction to key metrics of CX
2.1 Customer Feedback Score (CFS)
2.2 Customer Effort Score (CES)
2.3 Customer Satisfaction Score (CSAT)
2.4 Net Promoter Score (NPS)
3) Using Journey Map to CX Data Management
4) Introduction to LEO CDP and demo
Real-World Data Governance: Data Governance ExpectationsDATAVERSITY
When starting a Data Governance program, significant time, effort and bandwidth is typically spent selling the concept of data governance and telling people in your organization what data governance will do for them. This may not be the best strategy to take. We should focus on making Data Governance THEIR idea not ours.
Shouldn’t the strategy be that we get the business people from our organization to tell US why data governance is necessary and what data governance will do for them? If only we could get them to tell us these things? Maybe we can.
Join Bob Seiner and DATAVERSITY for this informative Real-World Data Governance webinar that will focus on getting THEM to tell US where data governance will add value. Seiner will review techniques for acquiring this information and will share information of where this information will add specific value to your data governance program. Some of those places may surprise you.
This presentation about Scikit-learn will help you understand what is Scikit-learn, what can we achieve using Scikit-learn and a demo on how to use Scikit-learn in Python. Scikit is a powerful and modern machine learning python library. It's a great tool for fully and semi-automated advanced data analysis and information extraction. There are a lot of reasons why Scikit-Learn is a preferred machine learning tool. It has efficient tools to identify and organize problems, such as whether it fits a supervised or unsupervised learning model. It contains many free and open data sets. It has a rich set of built-in libraries for learning and predicting. It provides model support for every problem type. It also has built-in functions such as pickle for model persistence. It is supported by a huge open source community and vendor base. Now, let us get started and understand Sciki-Learn in detail.
Below topics are explained in this Scikit-Learn presentation:
1. What is Scikit-learn?
2. What we can achieve using Scikit-learn
3. Demo
Simplilearn’s Python Training Course is an all-inclusive program that will introduce you to the Python development language and expose you to the essentials of object-oriented programming, web development with Django and game development. Python has surpassed Java as the top language used to introduce U.S. students to programming and computer science. This course will give you hands-on development experience and prepare you for a career as a professional Python programmer.
What is this course about?
The All-in-One Python course enables you to become a professional Python programmer. Any aspiring programmer can learn Python from the basics and go on to master web development & game development in Python. Gain hands-on experience creating a flappy bird game clone & website functionalities in Python.
What are the course objectives?
By the end of this online Python training course, you will be able to:
1. Internalize the concepts & constructs of Python
2. Learn to create your own Python programs
3. Master Python Django & advanced web development in Python
4. Master PyGame & game development in Python
5. Create a flappy bird game clone
The Python training course is recommended for:
1. Any aspiring programmer can take up this bundle to master Python
2. Any aspiring web developer or game developer can take up this bundle to meet their training needs
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/mobile-and-software-development/python-development-training
Presentation at Data ScienceTech Institute campuses, Paris and Nice, May 2016 , including Intro, Data Science History and Terms; 10 Real-World Data Science Lessons; Data Science Now: Polls & Trends; Data Science Roles; Data Science Job Trends; and Data Science Future
Data Governance & Data Steward CertificationDATAVERSITY
Becoming certified means that you have been provided some form of external review, education, assessment, or audit and that you passed that review. Being certified can make the difference in getting a job or that desirable position. Many people are seeking certification to differentiate themselves from their competition. It makes sense.
Join Bob Seiner for this month’s installment of Real-World Data Governance to explore the depth of necessity of certification in the field of data governance and the responsibility of the data stewards. Bob will talk about the different certifications available and direct you to the one that is appropriate according to your responsibilities. It may not be as easy as you think. Learn why in this webinar.
In this webinar Bob will talk about:
The Value of Being Certified
Categories of Available Certification
What to look for from Certification
Whether Certification is Right for You
Internal Versus External Certification
Knowledge Graphs have proven to be extremely valuable to rec-
ommender systems, as they enable hybrid graph-based recommen-
dation models encompassing both collaborative and content infor-
mation. Leveraging this wealth of heterogeneous information for
top-N item recommendation is a challenging task, as it requires the
ability of effectively encoding a diversity of semantic relations and
connectivity patterns. In this work, we propose entity2rec, a novel
approach to learning user-item relatedness from knowledge graphs
for top-N item recommendation. We start from a knowledge graph
modeling user-item and item-item relations and we learn property-
specific vector representations of users and items applying neural
language models on the network. These representations are used
to create property-specific user-item relatedness features, which
are in turn fed into learning to rank algorithms to learn a global
relatedness model that optimizes top-N item recommendations. We
evaluate the proposed approach in terms of ranking quality on
the MovieLens 1M dataset, outperforming a number of state-of-
the-art recommender systems, and we assess the importance of
property-specific relatedness scores on the overall ranking quality.
BIG Data & Hadoop Applications in HealthcareSkillspeed
Explore the applications of BIG Data & Hadoop in Healthcare via Skillspeed.
BIG Data & Hadoop in Healthcare is a key differentiator, especially in terms of providing superior patient care. They are used for optimizing clinical trials, disease detection & boosting healthcare profitability.
To get more details regarding BIG Data & Hadoop, please visit - www.SkillSpeed.com
Introduction to various data science. From the very beginning of data science idea, to latest designs, changing trends, technologies what make then to the application that are already in real world use as we of now.
Data Catalogues - Architecting for Collaboration & Self-ServiceDATAVERSITY
The interest in Data Catalogs is growing as more business & technical users are looking to gain insight from data using a self-service approach. Architectural techniques for Data Provisioning and Metadata Cataloging have evolved to cater to these new audiences and ways of working. This webinar provides concrete methods of architecting your Self-service BI & Analytics environment to foster collaboration while at the same time maintaining Data Quality and reducing risk.
Lessons in Data Modeling: Why a Data Model is an Important Part of Your Data ...DATAVERSITY
Data can provide tremendous value to an organization in today’s information-driven economy. New customer insights, better efficiency, and new product innovation are just some of the ways organizations are obtaining value through data. But in order to achieve this value, a strong data architecture is required to ensure that the data infrastructure runs smoothly, while at the same time aligning with business needs and corporate culture. A Data Strategy can assist in building a data architecture foundation through:
Identifying business requirements, rules & definitions via a business-centric data model
Creating a data inventory & integrating disparate data sources
Building a technical data architecture through data models & related artifacts
Coordinating the people, processes and culture necessary for success
Identifying tools & technology needed for creating & maintaining high quality data
Build a Recommendation Engine using Amazon Machine Learning in Real-timeAmazon Web Services
Amazon Machine Learning is a service that makes it easy for developers of all skill levels to use machine learning technology. In this session, we will introduce how to use Amazon Machine Learning to create a data model, and use it to generate the real-time prediction for your application.
Data mining Course
Chapter 2: Data preparation and processing
Introduction
Domain Expert
Goal identification and Data Understanding
Data Cleaning
Missing values
Noisy Data
Inconsistent Data
Data Integration
Data Transformation
Data Reduction
Feature Selection
Sampling
Discretization
Unlocking Greater Insights with Integrated Data Quality for CollibraPrecisely
Data is arguably your company’s greatest asset, and a thoughtful data governance strategy, along with robust tools like Collibra Data Governance Center (DGC), is essential to getting the most value from that data. However, even the best data governance programs will falter without data quality.
Data governance systems provide a framework for the policies, processes, rules, roles and responsibilities that help you manage your enterprise data. But they don’t give you insight into the characteristics and quality of that data – such as errors, outliers and issues – nor how the data changes over time.
During this webinar, we discuss how seamlessly integrating Trillium DQ with Collibra DGC creates a complete data governance solution that delivers rapid insights into the health of your data, ensuring trust and compliance with organizational policies and plans. We demonstrate how data is automatically exchanged between the tools so users can:
• Quickly establish the rules needed to support policies
• Evaluate their data against those rules on an ongoing basis
• Identify problems or improvements with their data quality to take action
Jiawei Han, Micheline Kamber and Jian Pei
Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques, 3rd ed.
The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems
Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, July 2011. ISBN 978-0123814791
Data Science is a wonderful technology that has applications in almost every field. Let's learn the basics of this domain on 16th March at (time).
Agenda
1. What is Data Science? How is it different from ML, DL, and AI
2. Why is this skill in demand?
3. What are some popular applications of Data Science
4. Popular tools and frameworks used in Data Science
How to track and improve Customer Experience with LEO CDPTrieu Nguyen
1) Why CX measurement is so important
2) Introduction to key metrics of CX
2.1 Customer Feedback Score (CFS)
2.2 Customer Effort Score (CES)
2.3 Customer Satisfaction Score (CSAT)
2.4 Net Promoter Score (NPS)
3) Using Journey Map to CX Data Management
4) Introduction to LEO CDP and demo
Real-World Data Governance: Data Governance ExpectationsDATAVERSITY
When starting a Data Governance program, significant time, effort and bandwidth is typically spent selling the concept of data governance and telling people in your organization what data governance will do for them. This may not be the best strategy to take. We should focus on making Data Governance THEIR idea not ours.
Shouldn’t the strategy be that we get the business people from our organization to tell US why data governance is necessary and what data governance will do for them? If only we could get them to tell us these things? Maybe we can.
Join Bob Seiner and DATAVERSITY for this informative Real-World Data Governance webinar that will focus on getting THEM to tell US where data governance will add value. Seiner will review techniques for acquiring this information and will share information of where this information will add specific value to your data governance program. Some of those places may surprise you.
This presentation about Scikit-learn will help you understand what is Scikit-learn, what can we achieve using Scikit-learn and a demo on how to use Scikit-learn in Python. Scikit is a powerful and modern machine learning python library. It's a great tool for fully and semi-automated advanced data analysis and information extraction. There are a lot of reasons why Scikit-Learn is a preferred machine learning tool. It has efficient tools to identify and organize problems, such as whether it fits a supervised or unsupervised learning model. It contains many free and open data sets. It has a rich set of built-in libraries for learning and predicting. It provides model support for every problem type. It also has built-in functions such as pickle for model persistence. It is supported by a huge open source community and vendor base. Now, let us get started and understand Sciki-Learn in detail.
Below topics are explained in this Scikit-Learn presentation:
1. What is Scikit-learn?
2. What we can achieve using Scikit-learn
3. Demo
Simplilearn’s Python Training Course is an all-inclusive program that will introduce you to the Python development language and expose you to the essentials of object-oriented programming, web development with Django and game development. Python has surpassed Java as the top language used to introduce U.S. students to programming and computer science. This course will give you hands-on development experience and prepare you for a career as a professional Python programmer.
What is this course about?
The All-in-One Python course enables you to become a professional Python programmer. Any aspiring programmer can learn Python from the basics and go on to master web development & game development in Python. Gain hands-on experience creating a flappy bird game clone & website functionalities in Python.
What are the course objectives?
By the end of this online Python training course, you will be able to:
1. Internalize the concepts & constructs of Python
2. Learn to create your own Python programs
3. Master Python Django & advanced web development in Python
4. Master PyGame & game development in Python
5. Create a flappy bird game clone
The Python training course is recommended for:
1. Any aspiring programmer can take up this bundle to master Python
2. Any aspiring web developer or game developer can take up this bundle to meet their training needs
Learn more at https://www.simplilearn.com/mobile-and-software-development/python-development-training
Presentation at Data ScienceTech Institute campuses, Paris and Nice, May 2016 , including Intro, Data Science History and Terms; 10 Real-World Data Science Lessons; Data Science Now: Polls & Trends; Data Science Roles; Data Science Job Trends; and Data Science Future
Data Governance & Data Steward CertificationDATAVERSITY
Becoming certified means that you have been provided some form of external review, education, assessment, or audit and that you passed that review. Being certified can make the difference in getting a job or that desirable position. Many people are seeking certification to differentiate themselves from their competition. It makes sense.
Join Bob Seiner for this month’s installment of Real-World Data Governance to explore the depth of necessity of certification in the field of data governance and the responsibility of the data stewards. Bob will talk about the different certifications available and direct you to the one that is appropriate according to your responsibilities. It may not be as easy as you think. Learn why in this webinar.
In this webinar Bob will talk about:
The Value of Being Certified
Categories of Available Certification
What to look for from Certification
Whether Certification is Right for You
Internal Versus External Certification
Knowledge Graphs have proven to be extremely valuable to rec-
ommender systems, as they enable hybrid graph-based recommen-
dation models encompassing both collaborative and content infor-
mation. Leveraging this wealth of heterogeneous information for
top-N item recommendation is a challenging task, as it requires the
ability of effectively encoding a diversity of semantic relations and
connectivity patterns. In this work, we propose entity2rec, a novel
approach to learning user-item relatedness from knowledge graphs
for top-N item recommendation. We start from a knowledge graph
modeling user-item and item-item relations and we learn property-
specific vector representations of users and items applying neural
language models on the network. These representations are used
to create property-specific user-item relatedness features, which
are in turn fed into learning to rank algorithms to learn a global
relatedness model that optimizes top-N item recommendations. We
evaluate the proposed approach in terms of ranking quality on
the MovieLens 1M dataset, outperforming a number of state-of-
the-art recommender systems, and we assess the importance of
property-specific relatedness scores on the overall ranking quality.
BIG Data & Hadoop Applications in HealthcareSkillspeed
Explore the applications of BIG Data & Hadoop in Healthcare via Skillspeed.
BIG Data & Hadoop in Healthcare is a key differentiator, especially in terms of providing superior patient care. They are used for optimizing clinical trials, disease detection & boosting healthcare profitability.
To get more details regarding BIG Data & Hadoop, please visit - www.SkillSpeed.com
Introduction to various data science. From the very beginning of data science idea, to latest designs, changing trends, technologies what make then to the application that are already in real world use as we of now.
Data Catalogues - Architecting for Collaboration & Self-ServiceDATAVERSITY
The interest in Data Catalogs is growing as more business & technical users are looking to gain insight from data using a self-service approach. Architectural techniques for Data Provisioning and Metadata Cataloging have evolved to cater to these new audiences and ways of working. This webinar provides concrete methods of architecting your Self-service BI & Analytics environment to foster collaboration while at the same time maintaining Data Quality and reducing risk.
Lessons in Data Modeling: Why a Data Model is an Important Part of Your Data ...DATAVERSITY
Data can provide tremendous value to an organization in today’s information-driven economy. New customer insights, better efficiency, and new product innovation are just some of the ways organizations are obtaining value through data. But in order to achieve this value, a strong data architecture is required to ensure that the data infrastructure runs smoothly, while at the same time aligning with business needs and corporate culture. A Data Strategy can assist in building a data architecture foundation through:
Identifying business requirements, rules & definitions via a business-centric data model
Creating a data inventory & integrating disparate data sources
Building a technical data architecture through data models & related artifacts
Coordinating the people, processes and culture necessary for success
Identifying tools & technology needed for creating & maintaining high quality data
Build a Recommendation Engine using Amazon Machine Learning in Real-timeAmazon Web Services
Amazon Machine Learning is a service that makes it easy for developers of all skill levels to use machine learning technology. In this session, we will introduce how to use Amazon Machine Learning to create a data model, and use it to generate the real-time prediction for your application.
Data mining Course
Chapter 2: Data preparation and processing
Introduction
Domain Expert
Goal identification and Data Understanding
Data Cleaning
Missing values
Noisy Data
Inconsistent Data
Data Integration
Data Transformation
Data Reduction
Feature Selection
Sampling
Discretization
Unlocking Greater Insights with Integrated Data Quality for CollibraPrecisely
Data is arguably your company’s greatest asset, and a thoughtful data governance strategy, along with robust tools like Collibra Data Governance Center (DGC), is essential to getting the most value from that data. However, even the best data governance programs will falter without data quality.
Data governance systems provide a framework for the policies, processes, rules, roles and responsibilities that help you manage your enterprise data. But they don’t give you insight into the characteristics and quality of that data – such as errors, outliers and issues – nor how the data changes over time.
During this webinar, we discuss how seamlessly integrating Trillium DQ with Collibra DGC creates a complete data governance solution that delivers rapid insights into the health of your data, ensuring trust and compliance with organizational policies and plans. We demonstrate how data is automatically exchanged between the tools so users can:
• Quickly establish the rules needed to support policies
• Evaluate their data against those rules on an ongoing basis
• Identify problems or improvements with their data quality to take action
Jiawei Han, Micheline Kamber and Jian Pei
Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques, 3rd ed.
The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Data Management Systems
Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, July 2011. ISBN 978-0123814791
Explore our comprehensive data analysis project presentation on predicting product ad campaign performance. Learn how data-driven insights can optimize your marketing strategies and enhance campaign effectiveness. Perfect for professionals and students looking to understand the power of data analysis in advertising. for more details visit: https://bostoninstituteofanalytics.org/data-science-and-artificial-intelligence/
Techniques to optimize the pagerank algorithm usually fall in two categories. One is to try reducing the work per iteration, and the other is to try reducing the number of iterations. These goals are often at odds with one another. Skipping computation on vertices which have already converged has the potential to save iteration time. Skipping in-identical vertices, with the same in-links, helps reduce duplicate computations and thus could help reduce iteration time. Road networks often have chains which can be short-circuited before pagerank computation to improve performance. Final ranks of chain nodes can be easily calculated. This could reduce both the iteration time, and the number of iterations. If a graph has no dangling nodes, pagerank of each strongly connected component can be computed in topological order. This could help reduce the iteration time, no. of iterations, and also enable multi-iteration concurrency in pagerank computation. The combination of all of the above methods is the STICD algorithm. [sticd] For dynamic graphs, unchanged components whose ranks are unaffected can be skipped altogether.
Opendatabay - Open Data Marketplace.pptxOpendatabay
Opendatabay.com unlocks the power of data for everyone. Open Data Marketplace fosters a collaborative hub for data enthusiasts to explore, share, and contribute to a vast collection of datasets.
First ever open hub for data enthusiasts to collaborate and innovate. A platform to explore, share, and contribute to a vast collection of datasets. Through robust quality control and innovative technologies like blockchain verification, opendatabay ensures the authenticity and reliability of datasets, empowering users to make data-driven decisions with confidence. Leverage cutting-edge AI technologies to enhance the data exploration, analysis, and discovery experience.
From intelligent search and recommendations to automated data productisation and quotation, Opendatabay AI-driven features streamline the data workflow. Finding the data you need shouldn't be a complex. Opendatabay simplifies the data acquisition process with an intuitive interface and robust search tools. Effortlessly explore, discover, and access the data you need, allowing you to focus on extracting valuable insights. Opendatabay breaks new ground with a dedicated, AI-generated, synthetic datasets.
Leverage these privacy-preserving datasets for training and testing AI models without compromising sensitive information. Opendatabay prioritizes transparency by providing detailed metadata, provenance information, and usage guidelines for each dataset, ensuring users have a comprehensive understanding of the data they're working with. By leveraging a powerful combination of distributed ledger technology and rigorous third-party audits Opendatabay ensures the authenticity and reliability of every dataset. Security is at the core of Opendatabay. Marketplace implements stringent security measures, including encryption, access controls, and regular vulnerability assessments, to safeguard your data and protect your privacy.
As Europe's leading economic powerhouse and the fourth-largest hashtag#economy globally, Germany stands at the forefront of innovation and industrial might. Renowned for its precision engineering and high-tech sectors, Germany's economic structure is heavily supported by a robust service industry, accounting for approximately 68% of its GDP. This economic clout and strategic geopolitical stance position Germany as a focal point in the global cyber threat landscape.
In the face of escalating global tensions, particularly those emanating from geopolitical disputes with nations like hashtag#Russia and hashtag#China, hashtag#Germany has witnessed a significant uptick in targeted cyber operations. Our analysis indicates a marked increase in hashtag#cyberattack sophistication aimed at critical infrastructure and key industrial sectors. These attacks range from ransomware campaigns to hashtag#AdvancedPersistentThreats (hashtag#APTs), threatening national security and business integrity.
🔑 Key findings include:
🔍 Increased frequency and complexity of cyber threats.
🔍 Escalation of state-sponsored and criminally motivated cyber operations.
🔍 Active dark web exchanges of malicious tools and tactics.
Our comprehensive report delves into these challenges, using a blend of open-source and proprietary data collection techniques. By monitoring activity on critical networks and analyzing attack patterns, our team provides a detailed overview of the threats facing German entities.
This report aims to equip stakeholders across public and private sectors with the knowledge to enhance their defensive strategies, reduce exposure to cyber risks, and reinforce Germany's resilience against cyber threats.
2. 2
Chapter 1. Introduction
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
What Kind of Data Can Be Mined?
What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
What Technology Are Used?
What Kind of Applications Are Targeted?
Major Issues in Data Mining
A Brief History of Data Mining and Data Mining Society
Summary
3. 3
Why Data Mining?
The Explosive Growth of Data: from terabytes to petabytes
Data collection and data availability
Automated data collection tools, database systems, Web,
computerized society
Major sources of abundant data
Business: Web, e-commerce, transactions, stocks, …
Science: Remote sensing, bioinformatics, scientific simulation, …
Society and everyone: news, digital cameras, YouTube
We are drowning in data, but starving for knowledge!
“Necessity is the mother of invention”—Data mining—Automated
analysis of massive data sets
4. 4
Evolution of Sciences
Before 1600, empirical science
1600-1950s, theoretical science
Each discipline has grown a theoretical component. Theoretical models often
motivate experiments and generalize our understanding.
1950s-1990s, computational science
Over the last 50 years, most disciplines have grown a third, computational branch
(e.g. empirical, theoretical, and computational ecology, or physics, or linguistics.)
Computational Science traditionally meant simulation. It grew out of our inability to
find closed-form solutions for complex mathematical models.
1990-now, data science
The flood of data from new scientific instruments and simulations
The ability to economically store and manage petabytes of data online
The Internet and computing Grid that makes all these archives universally accessible
Scientific info. management, acquisition, organization, query, and visualization tasks
scale almost linearly with data volumes. Data mining is a major new challenge!
Jim Gray and Alex Szalay, The World Wide Telescope: An Archetype for Online Science,
Comm. ACM, 45(11): 50-54, Nov. 2002
5. 5
Evolution of Database Technology
1960s:
Data collection, database creation, IMS and network DBMS
1970s:
Relational data model, relational DBMS implementation
1980s:
RDBMS, advanced data models (extended-relational, OO, deductive, etc.)
Application-oriented DBMS (spatial, scientific, engineering, etc.)
1990s:
Data mining, data warehousing, multimedia databases, and Web
databases
2000s
Stream data management and mining
Data mining and its applications
Web technology (XML, data integration) and global information systems
6. 6
Chapter 1. Introduction
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
What Kind of Data Can Be Mined?
What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
What Technology Are Used?
What Kind of Applications Are Targeted?
Major Issues in Data Mining
A Brief History of Data Mining and Data Mining Society
Summary
7. 7
What Is Data Mining?
Data mining (knowledge discovery from data)
Extraction of interesting (non-trivial, implicit, previously
unknown and potentially useful) patterns or knowledge from
huge amount of data
Data mining: a misnomer?
Alternative names
Knowledge discovery (mining) in databases (KDD), knowledge
extraction, data/pattern analysis, data archeology, data
dredging, information harvesting, business intelligence, etc.
Watch out: Is everything “data mining”?
Simple search and query processing
(Deductive) expert systems
8. 8
Knowledge Discovery (KDD) Process
This is a view from typical
database systems and data
warehousing communities
Data mining plays an essential
role in the knowledge discovery
process
Data Cleaning
Data Integration
Databases
Data Warehouse
Task-relevant Data
Selection
Data Mining
Pattern Evaluation
9. 9
Example: A Web Mining Framework
Web mining usually involves
Data cleaning
Data integration from multiple sources
Warehousing the data
Data cube construction
Data selection for data mining
Data mining
Presentation of the mining results
Patterns and knowledge to be used or stored into
knowledge-base
10. 10
Data Mining in Business Intelligence
Increasing potential
to support
business decisions End User
Business
Analyst
Data
Analyst
DBA
Decision
Making
Data Presentation
Visualization Techniques
Data Mining
Information Discovery
Data Exploration
Statistical Summary, Querying, and Reporting
Data Preprocessing/Integration, Data Warehouses
Data Sources
Paper, Files, Web documents, Scientific experiments, Database Systems
11. 11
Example: Mining vs. Data Exploration
Business intelligence view
Warehouse, data cube, reporting but not much mining
Business objects vs. data mining tools
Supply chain example: tools
Data presentation
Exploration
12. 12
KDD Process: A Typical View from ML and
Statistics
Input Data Data
Mining
Data Pre-
Processing
Post-
Processing
This is a view from typical machine learning and statistics communities
Data integration
Normalization
Feature selection
Dimension reduction
Pattern discovery
Association & correlation
Classification
Clustering
Outlier analysis
… … … …
Pattern evaluation
Pattern selection
Pattern interpretation
Pattern visualization
13. 13
Example: Medical Data Mining
Health care & medical data mining – often
adopted such a view in statistics and machine
learning
Preprocessing of the data (including feature
extraction and dimension reduction)
Classification or/and clustering processes
Post-processing for presentation
14. 14
Chapter 1. Introduction
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
What Kind of Data Can Be Mined?
What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
What Technology Are Used?
What Kind of Applications Are Targeted?
Major Issues in Data Mining
A Brief History of Data Mining and Data Mining Society
Summary
15. 15
Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
Data to be mined
Database data (extended-relational, object-oriented, heterogeneous,
legacy), data warehouse, transactional data, stream, spatiotemporal,
time-series, sequence, text and web, multi-media, graphs & social
and information networks
Knowledge to be mined (or: Data mining functions)
Characterization, discrimination, association, classification,
clustering, trend/deviation, outlier analysis, etc.
Descriptive vs. predictive data mining
Multiple/integrated functions and mining at multiple levels
Techniques utilized
Data-intensive, data warehouse (OLAP), machine learning, statistics,
pattern recognition, visualization, high-performance, etc.
Applications adapted
Retail, telecommunication, banking, fraud analysis, bio-data mining,
stock market analysis, text mining, Web mining, etc.
16. 16
Chapter 1. Introduction
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
What Kind of Data Can Be Mined?
What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
What Technology Are Used?
What Kind of Applications Are Targeted?
Major Issues in Data Mining
A Brief History of Data Mining and Data Mining Society
Summary
17. 17
Data Mining: On What Kinds of Data?
Database-oriented data sets and applications
Relational database, data warehouse, transactional database
Advanced data sets and advanced applications
Data streams and sensor data
Time-series data, temporal data, sequence data (incl. bio-sequences)
Structure data, graphs, social networks and multi-linked data
Object-relational databases
Heterogeneous databases and legacy databases
Spatial data and spatiotemporal data
Multimedia database
Text databases
The World-Wide Web
18. 18
Chapter 1. Introduction
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
What Kind of Data Can Be Mined?
What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
What Technology Are Used?
What Kind of Applications Are Targeted?
Major Issues in Data Mining
A Brief History of Data Mining and Data Mining Society
Summary
19. 19
Data Mining Function: (1) Generalization
Information integration and data warehouse construction
Data cleaning, transformation, integration, and
multidimensional data model
Data cube technology
Scalable methods for computing (i.e., materializing)
multidimensional aggregates
OLAP (online analytical processing)
Multidimensional concept description: Characterization
and discrimination
Generalize, summarize, and contrast data
characteristics, e.g., dry vs. wet region
20. 20
Data Mining Function: (2) Association and
Correlation Analysis
Frequent patterns (or frequent itemsets)
What items are frequently purchased together in your
Walmart?
Association, correlation vs. causality
A typical association rule
Diaper Beer [0.5%, 75%] (support, confidence)
Are strongly associated items also strongly correlated?
How to mine such patterns and rules efficiently in large
datasets?
How to use such patterns for classification, clustering,
and other applications?
21. 21
Data Mining Function: (3) Classification
Classification and label prediction
Construct models (functions) based on some training examples
Describe and distinguish classes or concepts for future prediction
E.g., classify countries based on (climate), or classify cars
based on (gas mileage)
Predict some unknown class labels
Typical methods
Decision trees, naïve Bayesian classification, support vector
machines, neural networks, rule-based classification, pattern-
based classification, logistic regression, …
Typical applications:
Credit card fraud detection, direct marketing, classifying stars,
diseases, web-pages, …
22. 22
Data Mining Function: (4) Cluster Analysis
Unsupervised learning (i.e., Class label is unknown)
Group data to form new categories (i.e., clusters), e.g.,
cluster houses to find distribution patterns
Principle: Maximizing intra-class similarity & minimizing
interclass similarity
Many methods and applications
23. 23
Data Mining Function: (5) Outlier Analysis
Outlier analysis
Outlier: A data object that does not comply with the general
behavior of the data
Noise or exception? ― One person’s garbage could be another
person’s treasure
Methods: by product of clustering or regression analysis, …
Useful in fraud detection, rare events analysis
24. 24
Time and Ordering: Sequential Pattern,
Trend and Evolution Analysis
Sequence, trend and evolution analysis
Trend, time-series, and deviation analysis: e.g.,
regression and value prediction
Sequential pattern mining
e.g., first buy digital camera, then buy large SD
memory cards
Periodicity analysis
Motifs and biological sequence analysis
Approximate and consecutive motifs
Similarity-based analysis
Mining data streams
Ordered, time-varying, potentially infinite, data streams
25. 25
Structure and Network Analysis
Graph mining
Finding frequent subgraphs (e.g., chemical compounds), trees
(XML), substructures (web fragments)
Information network analysis
Social networks: actors (objects, nodes) and relationships (edges)
e.g., author networks in CS, terrorist networks
Multiple heterogeneous networks
A person could be multiple information networks: friends,
family, classmates, …
Links carry a lot of semantic information: Link mining
Web mining
Web is a big information network: from PageRank to Google
Analysis of Web information networks
Web community discovery, opinion mining, usage mining, …
26. 26
Evaluation of Knowledge
Are all mined knowledge interesting?
One can mine tremendous amount of “patterns” and knowledge
Some may fit only certain dimension space (time, location, …)
Some may not be representative, may be transient, …
Evaluation of mined knowledge → directly mine only
interesting knowledge?
Descriptive vs. predictive
Coverage
Typicality vs. novelty
Accuracy
Timeliness
…
27. 27
Chapter 1. Introduction
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
What Kind of Data Can Be Mined?
What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
What Technology Are Used?
What Kind of Applications Are Targeted?
Major Issues in Data Mining
A Brief History of Data Mining and Data Mining Society
Summary
28. 28
Data Mining: Confluence of Multiple Disciplines
Data Mining
Machine
Learning
Statistics
Applications
Algorithm
Pattern
Recognition
High-Performance
Computing
Visualization
Database
Technology
29. 29
Why Confluence of Multiple Disciplines?
Tremendous amount of data
Algorithms must be highly scalable to handle such as tera-bytes of
data
High-dimensionality of data
Micro-array may have tens of thousands of dimensions
High complexity of data
Data streams and sensor data
Time-series data, temporal data, sequence data
Structure data, graphs, social networks and multi-linked data
Heterogeneous databases and legacy databases
Spatial, spatiotemporal, multimedia, text and Web data
Software programs, scientific simulations
New and sophisticated applications
30. 30
Chapter 1. Introduction
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
What Kind of Data Can Be Mined?
What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
What Technology Are Used?
What Kind of Applications Are Targeted?
Major Issues in Data Mining
A Brief History of Data Mining and Data Mining Society
Summary
31. 31
Applications of Data Mining
Web page analysis: from web page classification, clustering to
PageRank & HITS algorithms
Collaborative analysis & recommender systems
Basket data analysis to targeted marketing
Biological and medical data analysis: classification, cluster analysis
(microarray data analysis), biological sequence analysis, biological
network analysis
Data mining and software engineering (e.g., IEEE Computer, Aug.
2009 issue)
From major dedicated data mining systems/tools (e.g., SAS, MS SQL-
Server Analysis Manager, Oracle Data Mining Tools) to invisible data
mining
32. 32
Chapter 1. Introduction
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
What Kind of Data Can Be Mined?
What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
What Technology Are Used?
What Kind of Applications Are Targeted?
Major Issues in Data Mining
A Brief History of Data Mining and Data Mining Society
Summary
33. 33
Major Issues in Data Mining (1)
Mining Methodology
Mining various and new kinds of knowledge
Mining knowledge in multi-dimensional space
Data mining: An interdisciplinary effort
Boosting the power of discovery in a networked environment
Handling noise, uncertainty, and incompleteness of data
Pattern evaluation and pattern- or constraint-guided mining
User Interaction
Interactive mining
Incorporation of background knowledge
Presentation and visualization of data mining results
34. 34
Major Issues in Data Mining (2)
Efficiency and Scalability
Efficiency and scalability of data mining algorithms
Parallel, distributed, stream, and incremental mining methods
Diversity of data types
Handling complex types of data
Mining dynamic, networked, and global data repositories
Data mining and society
Social impacts of data mining
Privacy-preserving data mining
Invisible data mining
35. 35
Chapter 1. Introduction
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
What Kind of Data Can Be Mined?
What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
What Technology Are Used?
What Kind of Applications Are Targeted?
Major Issues in Data Mining
A Brief History of Data Mining and Data Mining Society
Summary
36. 36
A Brief History of Data Mining Society
1989 IJCAI Workshop on Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Knowledge Discovery in Databases (G. Piatetsky-Shapiro and W. Frawley,
1991)
1991-1994 Workshops on Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (U. Fayyad, G.
Piatetsky-Shapiro, P. Smyth, and R. Uthurusamy, 1996)
1995-1998 International Conferences on Knowledge Discovery in Databases
and Data Mining (KDD’95-98)
Journal of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (1997)
ACM SIGKDD conferences since 1998 and SIGKDD Explorations
More conferences on data mining
PAKDD (1997), PKDD (1997), SIAM-Data Mining (2001), (IEEE) ICDM
(2001), etc.
ACM Transactions on KDD starting in 2007
37. 37
Conferences and Journals on Data Mining
KDD Conferences
ACM SIGKDD Int. Conf. on
Knowledge Discovery in
Databases and Data Mining (KDD)
SIAM Data Mining Conf. (SDM)
(IEEE) Int. Conf. on Data Mining
(ICDM)
European Conf. on Machine
Learning and Principles and
practices of Knowledge Discovery
and Data Mining (ECML-PKDD)
Pacific-Asia Conf. on Knowledge
Discovery and Data Mining
(PAKDD)
Int. Conf. on Web Search and
Data Mining (WSDM)
Other related conferences
DB conferences: ACM SIGMOD,
VLDB, ICDE, EDBT, ICDT, …
Web and IR conferences: WWW,
SIGIR, WSDM
ML conferences: ICML, NIPS
PR conferences: CVPR,
Journals
Data Mining and Knowledge
Discovery (DAMI or DMKD)
IEEE Trans. On Knowledge and
Data Eng. (TKDE)
KDD Explorations
ACM Trans. on KDD
38. 38
Where to Find References? DBLP, CiteSeer, Google
Data mining and KDD (SIGKDD: CDROM)
Conferences: ACM-SIGKDD, IEEE-ICDM, SIAM-DM, PKDD, PAKDD, etc.
Journal: Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, KDD Explorations, ACM TKDD
Database systems (SIGMOD: ACM SIGMOD Anthology—CD ROM)
Conferences: ACM-SIGMOD, ACM-PODS, VLDB, IEEE-ICDE, EDBT, ICDT, DASFAA
Journals: IEEE-TKDE, ACM-TODS/TOIS, JIIS, J. ACM, VLDB J., Info. Sys., etc.
AI & Machine Learning
Conferences: Machine learning (ML), AAAI, IJCAI, COLT (Learning Theory), CVPR, NIPS, etc.
Journals: Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge and Information Systems,
IEEE-PAMI, etc.
Web and IR
Conferences: SIGIR, WWW, CIKM, etc.
Journals: WWW: Internet and Web Information Systems,
Statistics
Conferences: Joint Stat. Meeting, etc.
Journals: Annals of statistics, etc.
Visualization
Conference proceedings: CHI, ACM-SIGGraph, etc.
Journals: IEEE Trans. visualization and computer graphics, etc.
39. 39
Chapter 1. Introduction
Why Data Mining?
What Is Data Mining?
A Multi-Dimensional View of Data Mining
What Kind of Data Can Be Mined?
What Kinds of Patterns Can Be Mined?
What Technology Are Used?
What Kind of Applications Are Targeted?
Major Issues in Data Mining
A Brief History of Data Mining and Data Mining Society
Summary
40. 40
Summary
Data mining: Discovering interesting patterns and knowledge from
massive amount of data
A natural evolution of database technology, in great demand, with
wide applications
A KDD process includes data cleaning, data integration, data
selection, transformation, data mining, pattern evaluation, and
knowledge presentation
Mining can be performed in a variety of data
Data mining functionalities: characterization, discrimination,
association, classification, clustering, outlier and trend analysis, etc.
Data mining technologies and applications
Major issues in data mining
41. 41
Recommended Reference Books
S. Chakrabarti. Mining the Web: Statistical Analysis of Hypertex and Semi-Structured Data. Morgan
Kaufmann, 2002
R. O. Duda, P. E. Hart, and D. G. Stork, Pattern Classification, 2ed., Wiley-Interscience, 2000
T. Dasu and T. Johnson. Exploratory Data Mining and Data Cleaning. John Wiley & Sons, 2003
U. M. Fayyad, G. Piatetsky-Shapiro, P. Smyth, and R. Uthurusamy. Advances in Knowledge Discovery and
Data Mining. AAAI/MIT Press, 1996
U. Fayyad, G. Grinstein, and A. Wierse, Information Visualization in Data Mining and Knowledge
Discovery, Morgan Kaufmann, 2001
J. Han and M. Kamber. Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques. Morgan Kaufmann, 3rd ed., 2011
D. J. Hand, H. Mannila, and P. Smyth, Principles of Data Mining, MIT Press, 2001
T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani, and J. Friedman, The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference,
and Prediction, 2nd ed., Springer-Verlag, 2009
B. Liu, Web Data Mining, Springer 2006.
T. M. Mitchell, Machine Learning, McGraw Hill, 1997
G. Piatetsky-Shapiro and W. J. Frawley. Knowledge Discovery in Databases. AAAI/MIT Press, 1991
P.-N. Tan, M. Steinbach and V. Kumar, Introduction to Data Mining, Wiley, 2005
S. M. Weiss and N. Indurkhya, Predictive Data Mining, Morgan Kaufmann, 1998
I. H. Witten and E. Frank, Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Techniques with Java
Implementations, Morgan Kaufmann, 2nd ed. 2005