2. DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE
The data collection procedure
comprehensively discusses the data that
are collected from tests and survey
questionnaires. Researchers refer to these
data collection devices as instrument.
3. TECHNIQUES OF COLLECTING
QUANTITATIVE DATA
David (2002) stressed that the choice of the
best way to collect data depends largely on the
type of data to be collected and the source of
data. Before starting to collect data, a
researcher should decide:
•what data to collect
•where or from whom the data will be obtained
•what instrument/s or device/s to use in
collecting the data.
4. Steps in Collecting Data
Steps are typically clustered into three phases:
before, during and after the data collection.
BEFORE
1. Develop your data collection instruments and
materials.
2. Validate the instruments and test its reliability.
3. Seek permission from the authorities and
heads of the institutions or communities where
you will conduct your study.
4. Select and screen the population using
appropriate sampling techniques.
5. 5. Train the raters, observers, experimenters,
assistants, and other research personnel who
may be involved in data gathering, if applicable.
6. Obtain informed consent from the
participants. In informed consent form is a
document that explains the objectives of the
study and the extent of the participants’
involvement in the research. It also ensures the
confidentiality of certain information about the
participants and their responses.
6. DURING
1. Provide instructions to the participants and
explain how the data will be collected.
2. Administer the instruments, and implement
the intervention or treatment, if applicable.
7. AFTER
1. Immediately encode and archive your data.
2. Safeguard the confidentiality of your data.
3. Later, examine and analyze your data using
the appropriate statistical tools.
(David, 2002).
8. Data Collection Procedure
The researchers asked permission from
the research adviser and the school principal
to conduct the study. Then once the
respondents agreed, the researchers
personally administered the questionnaire. The
researchers collected the questionnaire after
the respondents answered it.
9. Data Analysis Procedure
In data analysis you are expected to turn raw
numbers into meaningful data through the
application of rational and critical thinking.
Data analysis may include the calculation of
frequencies of variables and differences between
variables.
A quantitative approach is usually associated with
finding evidence to either support or reject
hypotheses you have formulated at the earlier
stages of your research process.
10. Assumption for Parametric Test
1. The population/sample of the study is
normally distributed.
2. The sampling technique used in the
study is a random sampling.
3. The data should have equal variances.
11. Task
Continue making the Chapter 3
of your research by
conceptualizing the Data
Collection Procedure and Data
Analysis Procedure.
