2. Statistical Analysis of Data:
• Descriptive Analysis:
• Descriptive statistics is the term given to the analysis of data that helps describe, show or
summarize data in a meaningful way.
• Descriptive statistics do not, however, allow us to make conclusions beyond the data we have
analysed or reach conclusions regarding any hypotheses we might have made.
• They are simply a way to describe our data. Measures of Central Tendency(Mean, Meadian,
Mode) and Measure of Spread(Variance, Standard Deviation, Range) are used as tools of
Descriptive analysis.
• Descriptive statistics are significant in such a case that we just present our crude information it
would be hard to picture what the information was appearing particulary if there was a great
deal of it.
• Inferential Analayis:
• Inferential statistical methods enable us to use the sample to generalize the population data.
• This analysis is based upon sample.
• The tools used under inferential Analysis are T-test, Z-test, F-Test ANOVA, Chi- square test etc.
3. Difference Between Descriptive and Inferential Statistics:
Descriptive Analysis Inferential Statistics
Describes the target population Generalizes to the population with the help of
samples.
Summarizing data that consists of graph table
and numerical summaries
Making decisions or predictions about
population based on a sample information.
It helps to organize, analyze and present the
data in a meaningful manner.
Helps to compare, test and predict future
outcomes.
It describes the known data only It calculates the data beyond availability
It is used to tell about features of data set It is used to examine the relationship
between the variables within samples.
It is based on measure of central tendency It is based on confidence interval.
It describes the which are already known It tires to make conclusion about the
population that is beyond the data available.
4. Method of analyzing Qualitative Data:
Content Analysis
It is method for interpretation of content of text through the systematic classification
process of coding and identifying themes or patterns.
Narrative Analysis
These approaches typically focus on the lives on individuals as told through their own
stories.
Discourse Analysis It involves analyzing a naturally occurring languages use and types of written texts.
Grounded Analysis
It is an approach for theory construction through the analysis of data. It is usually
inductive in nature.
Thematic Analysis
It is a method of identifying and analyzing patterns(themes) in the data by them means
of codes.
Nvivo Analyisis
Software used to organize and analyze interview , field notes, textual sources including
image and video files.
