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CONTENTS
Introduction & Historical Background
Purpose of Education
Method of Education
Content of Education
Believes/Doctrines
Theoretical Basis
Symbol of Yin Yang
Comparison of Chinese Ancient Philosophy (Xun
Zi, Mohist, Legalist)
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INTRODUCTION
Founder: Lao Zi (Little is known about him).
Brief History: “Historical Records” by Sima Qian.
Family Name: Li, Personal Name: Er, Alias: Ran.
From Ku County in the State of Chu (Now Luyi
County in Henan Province).
Later generations named him Lao Zi. Lao means
“elderly & respected”, and Zi is an appellation for a
“handsome man”.
His thought reflected the culture & education at Chu
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HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
The Daoist School was first formed by “recluses” in
the Spring & Autumn period.
Recluses were intellectuals who were mostly
declining aristocrats because of their political failure
Recluses were therefore unwilling to hold office and
retired to the countryside to teach other recluses
(Lao Zi was one of them).
Lao Zi & Conficius, & division of the school
Zhuang Zi (no robbery, the “real man”)
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PURPOSE OF EDUCATION
To understand and follow the law of
nature
Advocated “Returning to Nature”
Training people to maintain the nature of
everything instead of attempting to alter it
Get people back to simplicity and
truthfulness and to the natural and
primitive state
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METHOD OF EDUCATION
Primitive and
natural state: No
text book & go
with the flow
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CONTENT OF EDUCATION
Preached the law of nature
Asking people to refrain from
being greedy for material pleasure
Be content with what they had and
maintain their origins
Serving without pay (a wise man)
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BELIEVES & DOCTRINE
Opposed to traditional culture, including the
traditional concepts of humanity,
righteousness, virtue, filial piety, and fraternal
duty
They would held that humanity and
righteousness would destroy the great dao
Wisdom would lead to hypocrisy
Filial piety and fraternal duty would
undermine the harmony of a family
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BELIEVES & DOCTRINE CTD.
He denied the existence of the heavenly God
He believed “Dao” was the origin of
everything in the world
Letting nature take it course
He emphasis naturalness, spontaneity,
simplicity, humility
Wu-Wei = action – no / without action
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BELIEVES & DOCTRINE CTD.
Wu wei’ means not forcing things on their
way.
Wu wei signifies that the action should be
immediately in accordance with the Tao,
hence the necessary will be done without
exaggeration, hyperbole or over eagerness as
these are considered obstructive, though rather
in an easy, facile, non disturbing way, leading
to overall harmony and balance.
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THEORITICAL BASIS
Theory of Human Nature
Human nature was just a state of nature and it
should be “no cognition and no desire”
Allowing everything to be arrange by nature
Showing no feelings of love and hatred or like
and dislike towards any human affairs
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SYMBOL OF YIN & YANG
Important concept of Daoism
Yin-Yang = "dark-bright",
"negative-positive"
The yin, the dark swirl, is
associated with shadows,
femininity, and the trough of a
wave
The yang, the light swirl,
represents brightness, passion and
growth