Cyber crimes are illegal activities committed using computers or the internet. This presentation discusses the history, categories, types and impact of cyber crimes as well as cyber security, laws and prevention. It defines cyber crimes, outlines categories such as crimes against persons, property and government, and describes frequently used types like hacking and viruses. The presentation also discusses computer security threats, terminology, and the need for cyber laws to address criminal exploitation online.

1. presentation
topic : cyber crimes
and
security
By ashwini awatare

3. Contents :-
• Introduction to cyber crimes
• History of cyber crimes
• Categories of cyber crimes
• Types
• Impact of cyber crimes
• Cyber security
• Cyber laws
• Prevention
• Conclusion

4. Introduction :-
The internet in India is growing rapidly. It has given
rise to new opportunities in every field we
can think of— be it entertainment, business, sports
or education.
There are two sides to a coin. Internet also has its
own disadvantages. One of the major
disadvantages is Cyber crime — illegal activity
committed on the internet.

5. What is cyber crime ?
• Using the Internet to commit a crime.
▫ Identity Theft
▫ Hacking
▫ Viruses
• Facilitation of traditional criminal activity
▫ Stalking
▫ Stealing information
▫ Child Pornography

6. Cyber Crimes :-
• Defining Cyber Crime :->
• It’s an unlawful act wherein the computer is either a
tool or a target or both.
• Cyber space is a virtual space that has become as
important as real space for business, politics, and
communities

8. History of Cyber Crime
• The first recorded cyber crime took place in the year
1820
• In 1820, Joseph-Marie Jacquard, a textile manufacturer
in France, produced the loom. This device allowed the
repetition of a series of steps in the weaving of special
fabrics. This resulted in a fear amongst Jacquard’s
- employees that their traditional employment and
livelihood were being threatened. They committed acts
of
sabotage to discourage Jacquard from further use of the
new technology. This is the first recorded cyber crime!

9. History of cyber crimes :-
 The first recorded cyber crime took place in
1820.
 That is not surprising considenng the fact that
the abacus, which is thought to be the earliest
from of a computer, has been around since 3500
B.c.
 In India, Japan and China, the era of modern
computer, however, began with the analytical
engine of Charles Babbage.

10.  The first spam email took place in 1976 when it
was sent out over the AR PANT.
 The first virus was installed on an Apple
computer in 1982 when a high school student,
Rich skrenta, developed the ElK Cloner.

11. Incident due to cyber crimes

12. Cybercrime Components
• Computers
• Cell Phones
• PDA’s
• Game Consoles

13. CATEGORIES OF CYBER
CRIME:
We can categorize cyber crime in two ways.
 The computer as a target :- using a computer to attacks
other computer, e.g. Hacking, virus/worms attacks, Dos
attack etc.
 The computer as a weapon :- using a
computer to commit real world crime e.g. cyber
terrorism, credit card fraud and
pornography etc.

14. CATEGORIES OF CYBER
CRIME:
Cyber crimes can be basically divided into 3
major categories:
1. Cyber crimes against persons.
2. Cyber crimes against property.
3. Cyber crimes against government.

15. FIRST CATEGORY
Cyber crimes against persons
Cyber harassment is a distinct Cyber crime.
Various kinds of harassment can and do occur in
cyberspace, or through the use of cyberspace.
Harassment can be sexual, racial, religious, or
other.

16. SECOND CATEGORY
Cyber crimes against property
These crimes include computer vandalism .
(Destruction of others’ property), Transmission
of harmful programs, Unauthorized trespassing
through cyber space, Unauthorized possession of
computer information.

17. THIRD CATEGORY
Cyber crimes against government
 Cyber terrorism is one distinct kind of crime in this
category.
 The growth of Internet has shown that the medium of
Cyberspace is being used by
individuals and groups to threaten the
international governments as also to terrorize the
citizens of a country.

23. Types Of Cyber Crime
Modification of a conventional crime by using
computers.
Frequently Used Cyber Crimes.

24. Modification of a
conventional
crime by using computers.
• Financial crimes
• Cyber pornography
• Sale of illegal articles
• Online gambling

25. • Intellectual Property crime
• Email spoofing
• Forgery
• Cyber Defamation
• Cyber stalking

26. Frequently Used Cyber
Crimes.
• Unauthorized access to computer systems or networks
• Theft of information contained in electronic form
• Email bombing
• Data diddling
• Salami attacks
• Denial of Service attack

27. • Virus / worm attacks
• Logic bombs
• Internet time thefts
• Web jacking
• Theft of computer system
• Physically damaging a computer system

28. Cyber Criminals
• Kids (age group 9-16 etc.)
• Organized hacktivists
• Disgruntled employees
• Professional hackers (corporate espionage)

30. Computer Security
Confidentiality
Only those authorized to view information.
Integrity
Information is correct and hasn’t been altered by
unauthorized users or software.
Availability
Data is accessible to authorized users.

31. Computer Security

32. Computer Security - Threats
 Malware
Software that has a malicious purpose
 Viruses
 Trojan horse
 Spyware

34. Computer Security - Threats
 Intrusions
▫ Any attempt to gain unauthorized access to a
system
▫ Cracking
▫ Hacking
▫ Social Engineering
▫ War-driving

35. Computer Security - Threats

36. Computer Security -
Terminology
People
▫ Hackers
 White Hat – Good guys. Report
hacks/vulnerabilities to appropriate people.
 Black Hat – Only interested in personal goals,
regardless of impact.
 Gray Hat – Somewhere in between.

37. Computer Security -
Terminology
Script Kiddies
▫ Someone that calls themselves a ‘hacker’ but really
isn’t.
Ethical Hacker
▫ Someone hired to hack a system to find
vulnerabilities and report on them.
▫ Also called a ‘sneaker’ .

38. Computer Security -
Terminology
Security Devices
▫ Firewall
 Barrier between network and the outside world.
▫ Proxy server
 Sits between users and server. Two main functions
are to improve performance and filter requests.
▫ Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)
 Monitors network traffic for suspicious activity.

40. Cyber Laws :-
• Law governing cyber space
• Cyber law encompasses laws relating to:
— Cyber Crimes
Electronic and Digital Signatures
— Intellectual Property
— Data Protection and Privacy

41. • Cyber crime: it refers to criminal
exploitation of the internet
• Electronic and Digital signatures : it refers to
mathematical scheme for demonstrating the
authenticity of digital message or documents

42. Intellectual property: it refers to legal concept
which refers to creations of the mind for which
exclusive rights are recognized.
Data protection and privacy: it refers to effective
legislation helps minimize monitoring by
governments , regulate surveillance by information
is properly protected.

43. NEED OF
CYBER LAW
Cybercriminals ÷
computer technology =
difficulties to apply the
law.
Not only real-world
crimes by using
computers..

44. PREVENTION
 Disable and log off a specific user account to
prevent access.
Disable and log off a group of user accounts which
access a particular service that is being attacked.
Disable and dismount specific (network) devices, for
instance disk devices that are being swamped.

45.  Disable specific applications, for example, an
e-mail system subjected to a SPAM attack.
 Close down an entire system, and divert
processing to an alternative or backup service on
a secondary network.

46. conclusion
• Within the law enforcement agencies, a set of rules
must be developed to address the various categories
of computer crime.
• As such, investigators will know what and which
materials to search and seize, the
electronic evidence to recover, and the chain of
custody to maintain.