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Hacking and Hacktivism
The document covers the history and purpose of hacking, the types of hackers, the impacts of hacking, and the phenomenon of hacktivism, particularly in Malaysia. It highlights examples of political hacking incidents involving Malaysian public figures and the actions of Indonesian and Myanmar hackers, emphasizing their motivations and goals. Additionally, the document discusses cybersecurity laws in Malaysia designed to combat hacking and protect digital communications.
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Presentation about hacking's history, purposes, and hacktivism with a focus on Malaysia.
Overview of hacking history from the 1960s to 1990s, featuring key figures like Kevin Mitnick.
Definition of hackers, types (white hat, black hat, grey hat), and hierarchy among hackers.
Reasons for hacking include theft, testing knowledge, privacy invasion, active cyber engagement.
Negative impacts of hacking comprise data loss, increased costs, and damaged reputations.
Hacktivism defined; involves hacking for political/social causes, highlighting messages from 'Anonymous'.
Details of cyber attacks against Malaysian websites by Indonesian hackers, triggered by sports rivalries.
Hacking by Myanmar presented as a means for raising awareness about their political crises.
Notable hacking incidents involving political figures and the intent to discredit, such as Anwar Ibrahim.
Legal framework to combat hacking includes several acts; aims ensure user protection and system integrity.Summarization of hacking's dual nature and necessity of preventive measures; closes with Q&A session.
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Hacking and Hacktivism
- 1. HACKING & HACKTIVISM •Muhammad Rashidi Bin Razali (2010391069) • Muhamad Fadzile Bin Abd Malek (2010158019) • Muhammad Haziq Bin Mazlan (2010715319)
- 2. TOPICS COVERED INTHIS PRESENTATION • HISTORY OF HACKING • INTRODUCTION • PURPOSE OF HACKING • HACKTIVISM OR POLITICAL HACKING IN MALAYSIA • EFFECT OF HACKING • SOLUTION TAKEN & THE LAW IMPLEMENTED IN MALAYSIA • CONCLUSION
- 3. HISTORY OF HACKING 1960s MIT’sartificial lab Ken Thompson invented UNIX 1970s Dennis Ritchie invented C 1980s Cyber Space coined 414s arrested Two hacker group formed 1990s National Crackdown on hackers Kevin Mitnick arrested Microsoft’s NT operating system
- 4. World Most FamousHacker Kevin Mitnick Stephen wozniak At the time of his arrest, he was the Tsutomu Shimomura most-wanted computer criminal in the United States.
- 5. INTRODUCTION • Hacker isa person who access computer system and network without authorization • There are 3 types of hacker which is white hat, black hat and grey hat • Hacker hierarchy is divided into there which is script kiddies, intermediate hackers and elite hackers
- 6. PURPOSE OF HACKING •To steal Money Important data / information • To test their knowledge in understanding network and computer system • To harm someone’s privacy • To become a cyber warrior • To espionage other people
- 7. EFFECT OF HACKING •Data loss • Increasing maintenance cost • Negative reputation
- 8. HACKTIVISM OR POLITICALHACKING IN MALAYSIA • Hactivism The act of hacking, or breaking into computer system, for a political or socially motivated purpose. The individual who performs an act of hacktivism is said to be a hacktivist. They uses the same tools and techniques as a hacker, but does so in order to disrupt services and bring attention to a political or social cause.
- 10. THEIR MESSAGE Greetings, Malaysia,We have seen the censorship taken by the Malaysian government, blocking sites like The Pirate Bay, and WikiLeaks. Malaysia is one of the world’s strictest governments, even blocking out movies, and television shows. These acts of censorship are inexcusable. You are taking away a basic human right. The internet is here for freedom, without fear of government interference. Do not think that no one else notices. Your structured government has done the talking, and we hear loud and clear. Let this be an announcement to all your people. This is a sign, a warning, and an opportunity to listen to ideas above your own. In a way you are being stubborn. But how will this help anyone or your country. We fear that if you make further decisions to take away human freedom. We are obligated to act fast and have no mercy. For rules were meant to be broken. And corruption was meant to be washed away and forgiven. Now we will wash your corruption away so be prepared. Take this as a favor. We are Anonymous.
- 11. Indonesia attacked Malaysia •This happen when Harimau Malaya won against Garuda Indonesia in AFF Suzuki Cup 2010. • Attacked launched by angry Indonesian Hackers because they could not accept their team defeated.
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- 13. THEIR MESSAGE • Thisis a message the hacker leave at the website. “You never learn…You never learn…You never learn…I email you remember? And I notice you have changed, most of the password after that. (And thanks to unknown Wifi owner, borrow your line for a while ya!)”
- 14. List of websitehacked by Indonesia hackers • SabahTourism.com – Hacked + leaked • Tour Malaysia (Not Tourism Malaysia) – Hacked • Tourism Malaysia – Unaffected • UiTM Penang – Hacked • JBiotech – Hacked • Social Welfare Department (Ezi2Care) – Hacked • CIDB – Hacked but back up 12:20am • Land Public Transport Commision – Hacked but back up 12:15am • 1Malaysia – DoS / Switched off 3:45am • Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission –Unaffected • ASEANConnect – DoS / Switched off Malaysian Meteorological Service – DoS / Switched off
- 15. List of websitehacked by Indonesia hackers (cont) • Ministry of Education – DoS / Switched off • Suruhanjaya Pilihanraya Malaysia – DoS / Switched off • Bomba - DoS / Switched off • TMNet – Unaffected • Perbendaharaan Malaysia - DoS / Switched off • Kementerian Kerja Raya Malaysia - DoS / Switched off • Parlimen Malaysia – DoS / Switched off • Malaysian Treasury – DoS / Switched off • University Kebangsaan Malaysia – DoS / Switched off • Jobs Malaysia – DoS / Switched off • Information, Communications and Culture – DoS / Switched off • Human Resouce Ministry – DoS / Switched off 3:59am • National Sports Council – DoS / Switched off • Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM) – DoS / Switched off
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- 17. Myanmar attacked Malaysia(cont) This issues was find at blog. The url is http://blog.wanzul.net/2012/isu- myanmar-rohingya-web-malaysia-di-hack/ Why Myanmar attacked Malaysia : • 17 Ogos 2012, based on sermons, the people of Myanmar now in serious condition. • They were brutally murdered. Actually, this was already old things. • However, its not be noted from "world". • We as a neighbor of the Myanmar do not give attention to them but still focus on Palestin, Afghanistan and Arab. Maybe their intention is to alert us to give attention to them but, the way they do is not Halal.
- 18. Political Hacking inMalaysia
- 19. Political Hacking inMalaysia (cont) KUALA LUMPUR, Aug 18 —Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim’s blog was hacked late last night and defaced with a fake post that portrayed him as an apologist for the Zionist regime in Israel. It also included an apology to Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Razak as part of the opposition leader’s message ahead of the Aidilfitri celebration tomorrow. “We understand a screen capture of the posting had been successfully recorded and is now being spread by Umno cybertroopers with the intention to discredit and defame Dato’ Seri Anwar Ibrahim,” the blog administrator said. Malay daily Sinar Harian reported that the hackers had uploaded a message from Anwar, claiming he felt ashamed for his party’s “sinful extremist position chasing after the prime minister’s office to the extent of defaming Najib and the latter’s family”.
- 20. Cyber law inMalaysia Some of the cyber law in Malaysia: • Digital Signature Act 1997 • Computer Crimes Act 1997 • Copyright (Amendment) Act 1997 • Communication and Multimedia Act 1998
- 21. Digital Signature Act1997 • Enforced on October 1998 • Secures electronic communications especially on the Internet • Digital Signature is an identity verification standard using encryption techniques to protect against e-mail forgery. • The encrypted code consists of the user’s name and a hash of all the parts of the message.
- 22. • By attachingthe digital signature, one can ensure that nobody can eavesdrop, intercept or temper with the transmitted data. • By doing so, a more secure and safe electronic communication could be done.
- 23. Computer Crimes Act1997 • Protection against the misuses of computers and computer criminal activities are ensured by the Act. • Example of crimes: – Unauthorized use of programs – Illegal transmission of data or messages over computers – Hacking or cracking of computer systems and networks. • Computer crimes are banned by this law. Those who disobey this law can be charged.
- 24. • By implementingthe Computer Crimes Act 1997, computer users can now protect their rights to privacy and build trust in the computer system. • This Act also enable the government to track the illegal activities, thus reducing the cyber crimes cases.
- 25. Copyright (Amendment) Act 1997 • Brought into force on April 1999. • The Copyright (Amendment) Act amends the Copyright Act 1987 to extend copyright law to the new and converged multimedia environment. • It serves to protect the expression of thought and creative ideas from unauthorized copying or alteration.
- 26. Communication and Multimedia Act 1998 • Endorsed in April 1999. • The Communication and Multimedia Act 1998 creates a new system of licenses and defines the roles and responsibilities of those providing communication and multimedia services. • The implementation of Communication and Multimedia Act 1998 ensures that information is secure, the network is safe, reliable and the service is affordable all over Malaysia.
- 27. • In Malaysia,you can use this Act for any cases regarding your internet service provider and see whether they got accuses of part of this law. • This Act also ensures high level of user’s confidence in the information and communication technology industry.
- 28. CONCLUSION • Hacking isa good computing skill that can be used for good or bad intention. • There is reason to do the hack, and there are ways to prevent it.
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