The document discusses policies that can help reduce sugar consumption to meet WHO guidelines. It provides examples of policies that have successfully reduced the availability of sugary products, increased the acceptability of alternatives, and raised awareness of sugar content. These include school nutrition standards in Australia that eliminated high-sugar "red" foods and drinks from schools, front-of-package labels in the Netherlands that led food companies to reformulate products, and soda taxes in Mexico and France that made sugary drinks less affordable.
To support governments as they develop national food and nutrition plans and targets, we have produced a new policy brief in collaboration with NCD Alliance.
Senior Policy & Public Affairs Manager, Bryony Sinclair's presentation, Curbing global sugar consumption, at the The Sugar Reduction Summit: Sugar, Sweetness & Obesity, 7 December 2015, London, England.
A methods document explaining how the NOURISHING database is kept up-to-date with implemented government policies on promoting healthy diets and reducing obesity and non-communicable diseases.
The document discusses policies to reduce sugar consumption globally in order to address rising rates of obesity and related diseases. It provides examples of policies that have successfully influenced the availability, affordability, acceptability, and awareness of sugar. These include school nutrition standards in Australia that reduced the availability of sugary foods and drinks in schools, soda taxes in Mexico and France that increased the affordability of healthier alternatives, and marketing campaigns in the US that raised awareness of sugar content in foods and drinks. The document advocates for comprehensive, multi-pronged policies across sectors to meaningfully curb sugar intake worldwide.
Bryony Sinclair discussed a systems approach to policymaking for obesity prevention at American Public Health Association's Annual Meeting, 31 Oct - 4 Nov 2015, Chicago, USA.
A new report released by The Chicago Council on Global Affairs calls on the agriculture and food sectors to play a role in mitigating the global rise in noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Bringing Agriculture to the Table: How Agriculture and Food Policy can Play a Role in Preventing Chronic Disease (PDF), which was presented before this morning’s opening of the UN High-Level Meeting on NCDs, identifies new opportunities for those in heath and agriculture to work together to promote better health. The report was prepared by Dr. Rachel Nugent, University of Washington and project chair for the Chicago Council. The project was guided by an advisory panel of noted agriculture and health experts from academia, private sector and international organizations.
To support governments as they develop national food and nutrition plans and targets, we have produced a new policy brief in collaboration with NCD Alliance.
Senior Policy & Public Affairs Manager, Bryony Sinclair's presentation, Curbing global sugar consumption, at the The Sugar Reduction Summit: Sugar, Sweetness & Obesity, 7 December 2015, London, England.
A methods document explaining how the NOURISHING database is kept up-to-date with implemented government policies on promoting healthy diets and reducing obesity and non-communicable diseases.
The document discusses policies to reduce sugar consumption globally in order to address rising rates of obesity and related diseases. It provides examples of policies that have successfully influenced the availability, affordability, acceptability, and awareness of sugar. These include school nutrition standards in Australia that reduced the availability of sugary foods and drinks in schools, soda taxes in Mexico and France that increased the affordability of healthier alternatives, and marketing campaigns in the US that raised awareness of sugar content in foods and drinks. The document advocates for comprehensive, multi-pronged policies across sectors to meaningfully curb sugar intake worldwide.
Bryony Sinclair discussed a systems approach to policymaking for obesity prevention at American Public Health Association's Annual Meeting, 31 Oct - 4 Nov 2015, Chicago, USA.
A new report released by The Chicago Council on Global Affairs calls on the agriculture and food sectors to play a role in mitigating the global rise in noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Bringing Agriculture to the Table: How Agriculture and Food Policy can Play a Role in Preventing Chronic Disease (PDF), which was presented before this morning’s opening of the UN High-Level Meeting on NCDs, identifies new opportunities for those in heath and agriculture to work together to promote better health. The report was prepared by Dr. Rachel Nugent, University of Washington and project chair for the Chicago Council. The project was guided by an advisory panel of noted agriculture and health experts from academia, private sector and international organizations.
Many children today are growing up in an obesogenic environment that encourages weight gain and obesity .
Energy imbalance has resulted from changes in food type, availability, affordability and marketing , as well as a decline in physical activity with more time being spent on screen based and sedentary leisure activity .
The document discusses improving food security in Asheville and Buncombe County through the efforts of the Asheville Buncombe Food Policy Council. It outlines issues like food insecurity, causes like food deserts, and opportunities to address poverty, public health, local commerce and sustainability. Potential policies are proposed in areas like planning, parks, schools, economic development and emergency response to increase access to affordable, healthy local food. Collaboration with community stakeholders is emphasized to create a more food secure future.
Presented by Prof. Carlos A. Monteiro of the Center for Epidemiological Studies on Health and Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Brazil, at the WHO European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Noncommunicable Diseases in the Context of Health 2020, on 4 July 2013 in Vienna, Austria.
Disclaimer: WHO is not responsible for the content of presentations made by external speakers at its meetings and conferences. This presentation is published here with the speaker's consent, only for information purpose.
The document discusses the status of food and nutrition security in Kenya. It finds that over 10 million Kenyans suffer from chronic food insecurity and malnutrition, with nearly 30% of children stunted. It also notes a double burden of malnutrition, with rising rates of overweight and obesity. The impacts of malnutrition include increased mortality, healthcare costs, and reduced productivity. The document outlines several national policies and strategies aimed at improving food and nutrition security and the roles of various actors. It also profiles Kenyatta University and its programs related to agriculture and food/nutrition, recommending ways it can better address food security challenges through coordination, curriculum improvements, and community engagement.
What's the deal with Processed Foods & Nutrition:?Food Insight
Packaged foods are foods that were once raw but have been processed to enhance nutrients, freshness, safety, and taste or make preparation easier. Examples include frozen fruits and vegetables, yogurt, canned beans, granola bars, cereal, and frozen meals. Many Americans agree that some packaged foods can provide affordable, nutritious options and contain nutrients needed for good health. Processed foods make important nutritional contributions to the American diet, and diets are more likely to meet nutritional guidelines if they include nutrient-dense processed or unprocessed foods.
This document summarizes the main achievements and challenges of nutrition and physical activity policy in Bulgaria. It outlines key nutrition problems in Bulgaria including low rates of breastfeeding and high rates of overweight, obesity and diet-related diseases. It then discusses achievements of Bulgaria's 2005-2010 Food and Nutrition Action Plan in areas like breastfeeding promotion and school nutrition policies. Finally, it addresses ongoing challenges for Bulgaria's 2011-2015 policy including the need for multisectoral strategies and adequate financing to improve the food environment and support healthy choices.
The African Economic Research Consortium (AERC) held its twenty second Senior Policy Seminar on March 09-10, 2020 in Abuja, Nigeria under the theme : “Agriculture and Food Policies for Nutrition in Africa”. Panel member Dr Adebisi Araba, Africa Director, International Center for Tropical Agriculture attended the event.
Prof. CHEN Mengshan, Chair of State Food and Nutrition Consultant Committee (SFNCC), former Secretary of the Leading Party Group of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Ms. ZHAI Lin, Department of International Cooperation, CAAS
Mr. QIN Lang, Strategic Planning Office, CAAS
29 Nov 2018
This document provides an outline for a presentation on food security in Bangladesh. It begins with introductions of the teacher, Dr. Selina Ahmed, and the student, Shaikh Abdus Salam. The presentation outline defines food security, explains the four pillars of food security (availability, access, utilization, stability), and identifies challenges to food security in Bangladesh such as economic development and reducing natural disasters. It demonstrates issues around availability, access, and utilization of food and concludes that while Bangladesh may not achieve its food security goal by 2021, progress has been made in reducing hunger and malnutrition through efforts that should continue to focus on poverty reduction, food sufficiency, and disaster prevention.
A presentation on:
The UN Decade Of Action On Nutrition: Connecting The Dots For Nigeria
By
Remmy NWEKE, mNUJ, mNGE, mGOCOP
National Coordinator
Media Centre Against child Malnutrition (MeCAM)
Group Executive Editor,
ITREALMS Media group
[ITREALMS, NaijaAgroNet, DigitalSENSE Business Mag.]
@ 2020
“Protein Challenge Nigeria”
organized by
MediaCraft Associates
On Friday, 21st August, 2020
The document discusses food insecurity in South Africa and the city of Tshwane. While South Africa produces enough food, 14 million people still experience food insecurity due to poverty. In Tshwane, about 35% of the population of over 1 million people are food insecure. The document outlines strategies to address food insecurity through supporting small-scale agriculture, improving incomes and social services, disaster mitigation, and promoting nutrition. The key causes of food insecurity are identified as lack of access to food due to poverty, unemployment, and an inability to produce or purchase enough food.
Food security a global & national perspective by ayaz soomroAyaz Ali
Food insecurity in Pakistan specially in Sindh province which is contributing high share of oil & gas but majority of masses is facing food insecurity.
Measuring Food Insecurity in the Sustainable Development GoalsFrancois Stepman
15 September 2021. In 2013, FAO launched the “Voices of the Hungry” project, establishing a new globally valid tool called the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). The latter provides an approach for measuring the severity of people’s food insecurity condition by looking at their own experiences, allowing to hear the voices of the people who struggle daily to have access to safe and nutritious food.
The objective of this RUFORUM webinar was to introduce FIES as a tool for measuring food insecurity at different levels and raise awareness among the participants on FAO’s work linked to food security data and the SDGs.
This document outlines a plan of action for promoting healthy weights and preventing childhood obesity in the Caribbean from 2014 to 2019. It aims to halt and reverse the rise in childhood obesity in the region by 2025 through multi-sectoral cooperation. The plan proposes measures to create healthier environments for children, provide incentives for healthy choices, empower communities, educate families, and support children affected by obesity. It also includes strengthening systems and capacity to effectively monitor and achieve results. The plan was developed with input from regional experts and partners, and provides a comprehensive public health response to address the underlying social and economic factors fueling the childhood obesity epidemic in the Caribbean.
No food security without food safety: Lessons from low- and middle-income cou...ILRI
ILRI is an international agricultural research organization that works to improve food security and reduce poverty in developing countries through research for better and more sustainable use of livestock. ILRI has over 630 staff from over 30 countries working on projects related to animal and human health, sustainable livestock systems, policies and livelihoods, livestock genetics, and feed and forage development. ILRI conducts research at large campuses in Kenya and Ethiopia as well as regional and country offices in 14 countries. The presentation discusses the large health burden of foodborne diseases in developing countries and how they impact development, nutrition, livelihoods, and market access. It also examines where food and foodborne diseases originate from in developing countries and challenges with managing food
Symposium on Sugar in the Diet: Is There a Sweet Spot? (October 30, 2015, Sydney, Australia), organised by the International Life Sciences Institute, South-East Asia branch.
CISANET is the Civil Society Agriculture Network in Malawi which I've been a part of for most of my years here. This is a presentation we did to prioritise our recommendations around resilient and nutrition friendly agriculture.
Obesity- Tipping Back the Scales of the Nation 19th April, 2017mckenln
Dr. Charlotte Evans presented on curbing sugar consumption in the UK. She reviewed evidence that high intakes of free sugars, especially from sugar-sweetened beverages, promote weight gain and type 2 diabetes. New UK recommendations suggest limiting free sugars to 5% of total energy intake, compared to current intakes that are over twice that level. Effective policy approaches to reduce sugar intake include taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages, restrictions on food marketing to children, and product reformulation by the food industry to lower sugar and portion sizes.
Executive summary 2021 Global Nutrition ReportCIkumparan
1) Progress is being made on some global nutrition targets but not others, and accelerated efforts are needed. Most countries are not on track to meet targets for stunting, wasting, anaemia, obesity, and diet-related diseases. Covid-19 has exacerbated the problem.
2) Unhealthy and unsustainable diets are harming health and the environment. No region meets recommendations for healthy diets, while diet-related deaths and environmental impacts are rising.
3) Financing needs to meet nutrition targets are growing but resources are falling, though the economic costs of inaction are far greater. Traditional and innovative financing must be expanded to close the gap.
Many children today are growing up in an obesogenic environment that encourages weight gain and obesity .
Energy imbalance has resulted from changes in food type, availability, affordability and marketing , as well as a decline in physical activity with more time being spent on screen based and sedentary leisure activity .
The document discusses improving food security in Asheville and Buncombe County through the efforts of the Asheville Buncombe Food Policy Council. It outlines issues like food insecurity, causes like food deserts, and opportunities to address poverty, public health, local commerce and sustainability. Potential policies are proposed in areas like planning, parks, schools, economic development and emergency response to increase access to affordable, healthy local food. Collaboration with community stakeholders is emphasized to create a more food secure future.
Presented by Prof. Carlos A. Monteiro of the Center for Epidemiological Studies on Health and Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Brazil, at the WHO European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Noncommunicable Diseases in the Context of Health 2020, on 4 July 2013 in Vienna, Austria.
Disclaimer: WHO is not responsible for the content of presentations made by external speakers at its meetings and conferences. This presentation is published here with the speaker's consent, only for information purpose.
The document discusses the status of food and nutrition security in Kenya. It finds that over 10 million Kenyans suffer from chronic food insecurity and malnutrition, with nearly 30% of children stunted. It also notes a double burden of malnutrition, with rising rates of overweight and obesity. The impacts of malnutrition include increased mortality, healthcare costs, and reduced productivity. The document outlines several national policies and strategies aimed at improving food and nutrition security and the roles of various actors. It also profiles Kenyatta University and its programs related to agriculture and food/nutrition, recommending ways it can better address food security challenges through coordination, curriculum improvements, and community engagement.
What's the deal with Processed Foods & Nutrition:?Food Insight
Packaged foods are foods that were once raw but have been processed to enhance nutrients, freshness, safety, and taste or make preparation easier. Examples include frozen fruits and vegetables, yogurt, canned beans, granola bars, cereal, and frozen meals. Many Americans agree that some packaged foods can provide affordable, nutritious options and contain nutrients needed for good health. Processed foods make important nutritional contributions to the American diet, and diets are more likely to meet nutritional guidelines if they include nutrient-dense processed or unprocessed foods.
This document summarizes the main achievements and challenges of nutrition and physical activity policy in Bulgaria. It outlines key nutrition problems in Bulgaria including low rates of breastfeeding and high rates of overweight, obesity and diet-related diseases. It then discusses achievements of Bulgaria's 2005-2010 Food and Nutrition Action Plan in areas like breastfeeding promotion and school nutrition policies. Finally, it addresses ongoing challenges for Bulgaria's 2011-2015 policy including the need for multisectoral strategies and adequate financing to improve the food environment and support healthy choices.
The African Economic Research Consortium (AERC) held its twenty second Senior Policy Seminar on March 09-10, 2020 in Abuja, Nigeria under the theme : “Agriculture and Food Policies for Nutrition in Africa”. Panel member Dr Adebisi Araba, Africa Director, International Center for Tropical Agriculture attended the event.
Prof. CHEN Mengshan, Chair of State Food and Nutrition Consultant Committee (SFNCC), former Secretary of the Leading Party Group of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Ms. ZHAI Lin, Department of International Cooperation, CAAS
Mr. QIN Lang, Strategic Planning Office, CAAS
29 Nov 2018
This document provides an outline for a presentation on food security in Bangladesh. It begins with introductions of the teacher, Dr. Selina Ahmed, and the student, Shaikh Abdus Salam. The presentation outline defines food security, explains the four pillars of food security (availability, access, utilization, stability), and identifies challenges to food security in Bangladesh such as economic development and reducing natural disasters. It demonstrates issues around availability, access, and utilization of food and concludes that while Bangladesh may not achieve its food security goal by 2021, progress has been made in reducing hunger and malnutrition through efforts that should continue to focus on poverty reduction, food sufficiency, and disaster prevention.
A presentation on:
The UN Decade Of Action On Nutrition: Connecting The Dots For Nigeria
By
Remmy NWEKE, mNUJ, mNGE, mGOCOP
National Coordinator
Media Centre Against child Malnutrition (MeCAM)
Group Executive Editor,
ITREALMS Media group
[ITREALMS, NaijaAgroNet, DigitalSENSE Business Mag.]
@ 2020
“Protein Challenge Nigeria”
organized by
MediaCraft Associates
On Friday, 21st August, 2020
The document discusses food insecurity in South Africa and the city of Tshwane. While South Africa produces enough food, 14 million people still experience food insecurity due to poverty. In Tshwane, about 35% of the population of over 1 million people are food insecure. The document outlines strategies to address food insecurity through supporting small-scale agriculture, improving incomes and social services, disaster mitigation, and promoting nutrition. The key causes of food insecurity are identified as lack of access to food due to poverty, unemployment, and an inability to produce or purchase enough food.
Food security a global & national perspective by ayaz soomroAyaz Ali
Food insecurity in Pakistan specially in Sindh province which is contributing high share of oil & gas but majority of masses is facing food insecurity.
Measuring Food Insecurity in the Sustainable Development GoalsFrancois Stepman
15 September 2021. In 2013, FAO launched the “Voices of the Hungry” project, establishing a new globally valid tool called the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). The latter provides an approach for measuring the severity of people’s food insecurity condition by looking at their own experiences, allowing to hear the voices of the people who struggle daily to have access to safe and nutritious food.
The objective of this RUFORUM webinar was to introduce FIES as a tool for measuring food insecurity at different levels and raise awareness among the participants on FAO’s work linked to food security data and the SDGs.
This document outlines a plan of action for promoting healthy weights and preventing childhood obesity in the Caribbean from 2014 to 2019. It aims to halt and reverse the rise in childhood obesity in the region by 2025 through multi-sectoral cooperation. The plan proposes measures to create healthier environments for children, provide incentives for healthy choices, empower communities, educate families, and support children affected by obesity. It also includes strengthening systems and capacity to effectively monitor and achieve results. The plan was developed with input from regional experts and partners, and provides a comprehensive public health response to address the underlying social and economic factors fueling the childhood obesity epidemic in the Caribbean.
No food security without food safety: Lessons from low- and middle-income cou...ILRI
ILRI is an international agricultural research organization that works to improve food security and reduce poverty in developing countries through research for better and more sustainable use of livestock. ILRI has over 630 staff from over 30 countries working on projects related to animal and human health, sustainable livestock systems, policies and livelihoods, livestock genetics, and feed and forage development. ILRI conducts research at large campuses in Kenya and Ethiopia as well as regional and country offices in 14 countries. The presentation discusses the large health burden of foodborne diseases in developing countries and how they impact development, nutrition, livelihoods, and market access. It also examines where food and foodborne diseases originate from in developing countries and challenges with managing food
Symposium on Sugar in the Diet: Is There a Sweet Spot? (October 30, 2015, Sydney, Australia), organised by the International Life Sciences Institute, South-East Asia branch.
CISANET is the Civil Society Agriculture Network in Malawi which I've been a part of for most of my years here. This is a presentation we did to prioritise our recommendations around resilient and nutrition friendly agriculture.
Obesity- Tipping Back the Scales of the Nation 19th April, 2017mckenln
Dr. Charlotte Evans presented on curbing sugar consumption in the UK. She reviewed evidence that high intakes of free sugars, especially from sugar-sweetened beverages, promote weight gain and type 2 diabetes. New UK recommendations suggest limiting free sugars to 5% of total energy intake, compared to current intakes that are over twice that level. Effective policy approaches to reduce sugar intake include taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages, restrictions on food marketing to children, and product reformulation by the food industry to lower sugar and portion sizes.
Executive summary 2021 Global Nutrition ReportCIkumparan
1) Progress is being made on some global nutrition targets but not others, and accelerated efforts are needed. Most countries are not on track to meet targets for stunting, wasting, anaemia, obesity, and diet-related diseases. Covid-19 has exacerbated the problem.
2) Unhealthy and unsustainable diets are harming health and the environment. No region meets recommendations for healthy diets, while diet-related deaths and environmental impacts are rising.
3) Financing needs to meet nutrition targets are growing but resources are falling, though the economic costs of inaction are far greater. Traditional and innovative financing must be expanded to close the gap.
On Monday 9th November 16:00 The Food Foundation and Public Health England convened a parliamentary sugar roundtable to discuss the evidence behind the new dietary advice on sugar consumption.
This presentation, delivered by Dr Alison Tedstone, Director of Health and Obesity at Public Health England, talks through the SACN report and evidence package following the release of Sugar Reduction: The Evidence for Action (Found below)
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/470179/Sugar_reduction_The_evidence_for_action.pdf
This document discusses strategies for addressing obesity at the national level. It describes trends showing rising obesity rates in many countries over recent decades. Some key points made include:
- Obesity rates have risen sharply in countries like the US, England, and Luxembourg since the 1970s.
- Modest weight gain, even within the "normal" BMI range, increases risks for chronic diseases.
- Environmental factors like increased food availability, variety, and portion sizes can promote overeating.
- Population-wide strategies are needed like marketing restrictions, pricing policies, and changing food environments in schools and hospitals.
This document outlines the DepEd Order No. 13, s. 2017 policy on promoting healthy food and beverage choices in schools and DepEd offices. The policy aims to:
1) Increase the availability of healthy foods to encourage positive eating behaviors.
2) Set food standards to regulate foods high in fat, sugar, and sodium while promoting foods like fruits/veggies and unsaturated fats.
3) Provide guidance for evaluating packaged foods and categorizing them as green, yellow, or red based on their nutritional values. Non-packaged foods will also be categorized.
4) Regulate the marketing and sales of foods in schools and offices to ensure healthy options are emphasized.
This document discusses promoting well-being and preventing disease through nutrition and lifestyle changes in Europe. It notes that central Europe and central Asia have seen the slowest life expectancy gains of any world region. The top preventable risk factors for disease burden are smoking, high blood pressure, overweight/obesity, and physical inactivity. It argues for policies like limiting junk food marketing to children, taxing unhealthy foods, and establishing healthy food standards in schools and government institutions to effectively promote public health.
Dr Kate Allen: Obesity, Physical Activity and Cancer: Implications for Policy Irish Cancer Society
Dr Kate Allen, Executive Director (Science and Public Affairs) of World Cancer Research Fund International, UK, spoke about the relationship of obesity and physical Activity on cancer, and consequential implications for policy.
"Food Regulatory Authority role in providing healthier food and diet in Iran ...ExternalEvents
"www.fao.org/about/meetings/sustainable-food-systems-nutrition-symposium
The International Symposium on Sustainable Food Systems for Healthy Diets and Improved Nutrition was jointly held by FAO and WHO in December 2016 to explore policies and programme options for shaping the food systems in ways that deliver foods for a healthy diet, focusing on concrete country experiences and challenges. This Symposium waas the first large-scale contribution under the UN Decade of Action for Nutrition 2016-2025. This presentation was part of Parallel session 2.1: Regulations, awareness and advocacy for better informed food choices"
- The document discusses the relationship between nutrition, diet, and general and dental health. It explores topics like chronic health conditions linked to oral health, macronutrients and micronutrients that promote health, and providing nutritional guidance.
- Key points discussed include the role of fermentable carbohydrates in dental caries and periodontal diseases, common risk factors like sugar intake, and vitamin deficiencies. Data on conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and obesity in New Zealand are presented.
- Barriers to dental professionals providing dietary advice like time, knowledge, and confidence are examined based on past studies. The document advocates a holistic approach and collaborating with other health practitioners.
This document discusses carbohydrates and their role in a healthy diet. It begins by outlining the different classifications of carbohydrates based on their molecular structure and digestibility. Next, it examines the glycemic response caused by different types of carbohydrates like monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. The document then addresses the conflicting information about carbohydrates from reduced-carb diets versus government dietary guidelines. Finally, it emphasizes the importance of carbohydrates, especially fiber-rich whole grains and plants, as part of a balanced diet according to public health recommendations. As frontline healthcare providers, nurses are well-positioned to advise patients and clear up confusion about carbohydrates using evidence-based information
WHO Guidelines On Nutrition.............Mayur Patil
The WHO guidelines on nutrition provide an overview of healthy dietary practices. Key recommendations include consuming a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and plant-based proteins while limiting intake of saturated fats, sugars, and salt. The WHO works with countries to promote healthy diets through policies that encourage breastfeeding, nutrition education, and limiting marketing of unhealthy foods to children.
Kellogg's, Mars, Nestlé Pledge to Reduce Sugar, Salt and FatFoodInnovation
Several major food and beverage companies, including Kellogg's, Mars, and Nestle, pledged to reduce sugar, salt, and fat in their products in Saudi Arabia. The companies are making reformulations, such as Kellogg's reducing sugar in Coco Pops cereal by 40%. However, a study found that only a small percentage of Saudis meet dietary recommendations, showing the need for programs to improve diets. Non-communicable diseases are expected to cause over 85% of deaths in Saudi Arabia. The food companies recognize the need to help tackle obesity and make their products healthier.
As part of the IFPRI Egypt Seminar in partnership with the FAO: “Food Policies and their Implications on Overweight and Obesity Trends in Selected Countries in MENA Region”
Research has found that consumption of foods and beverages with added sugars is increasing globally and is linked to higher risks of weight gain, heart disease, diabetes, and stroke. Trends show sales of sugar-sweetened beverages are rising the most in low-and middle-income countries, while intake is beginning to decline in Western Europe, North America, and Australasia. However, the global diet is becoming sweeter, particularly with beverages, which could negatively impact worldwide health if intervention does not occur.
The pursuit of sugar reduction products is triggered by
multiple push factors. Globally, ASEAN has the second highest
incidence of diabetic populations. The implementation of
sugar tax by governments in some of the ASEAN countries
also pushes the reduction of sugar.
Obesity is the third greatest social burden driven by human beings, after smoking and war, violence and terrorism. And while sugar consumption is far from the only cause of this, it is increasingly in the spotlight.
Non nutritive sweeteners and its effects on healthaltamash mahmood
The document discusses obesity and non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) as sugar substitutes. It notes that while NNS provide sweetness without calories, their long term safety is unclear as evidence is limited. It then examines several FDA-approved NNS - saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame-K, and sucralose - describing their history, properties, uses, and safety concerns raised by some studies.
EAT RIGHT INDIA campaign was launched in 2018.
The campaign is led by FSSAI.
It is aimed to create consumer awareness about eating safe and nutritious food.
It also aims to engage, excite, and enable citizens to improve their health and well being.
Tagline : “Sahi Bhojan, Behtar Jeevan” forms the foundation of this movement.
The campaign aims to reduce the sugar, salt and fat in packaged food and raise awareness among people that sugar, salt and fat are not good for health and should be consumed in minimal quantities.
It encourages food companies to reformulate their goods, provide better nutritional information to consumers, and invest in healthier foods on the supply side.
Similar to Curbing global sugar consumption - Effective food policy actions to help promote healthy diets & tackle obesity (20)
Slides from Alan Jackson's presentation on Policy for Enabling Achievement of Height at Obesity, Physical Activity & Cancer: Life course influences and mechanisms
Slides from Alan Jackson's presentation on the Cancer and Nutrition NIHR infrastructure collaboration at Obesity, Physical Activity & Cancer: Life course influences and mechanisms
The document summarizes a randomized controlled trial that compares intermittent energy restriction (IER) to continuous energy restriction (CER) in women receiving chemotherapy for early breast cancer. The trial aims to test if IER is feasible for women on chemotherapy and to compare the two diets' effects on weight changes, body composition, chemotherapy toxicity, and blood biomarkers. Over 470 women were screened for eligibility, with 172 women enrolled and randomly assigned to receive individual counseling and support for either the IER or CER diet during their 4.5-6 months of chemotherapy. Outcomes will be assessed after chemotherapy completion to analyze differences between the diet groups.
Professor Alan Jackson’s presentation, The Continuous Update Project: Recent Findings on Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Cancer, at the African Organisation for Research & Training in Cancer (AORTIC) conference, 18-22 November 2015, Marrakech, Morocco.
Professor Martin Wiseman’s presentation, The Continuous Update Project: Introduction to the Project, at the African Organisation for Research & Training in Cancer (AORTIC) conference, 18-22 November 2015, Marrakech, Morocco.
Professor Michael Leitzmann presentation on The Continuous Update Project: Recent Findings on Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Cancer at FENS European Nutrition Conference, 20-23 October 2015 Berlin (Germany).
Professor Martin Wiseman presentation on The Continuous Update Project: Introduction to the Project at FENS European Nutrition Conference, 20-23 October 2015 Berlin (Germany).
This document describes the Continuous Update Project, a novel approach developed by the World Cancer Research Fund to systematically review mechanistic evidence on diet, nutrition, physical activity and cancer. The approach involves conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of both epidemiological and mechanistic studies to make judgements on causal relationships. It emphasizes reproducibility, predefined criteria, and reviews evidence separately from making judgements. The goal is to help identify causal links between exposures and cancer outcomes.
This document provides various fundraising ideas that individuals and organizations can do to support the World Cancer Research Fund, including hosting events like quiz nights, dress down days at work, banana runs in the park, and golf tournaments. It also suggests challenges people can take on like skydiving, cycling long distances, and running marathons. The final sentences discuss additional ways to fundraise like recycling ink cartridges, payroll donations, selling pin badges, and donating birthdays or proceeds from online shopping.
This document summarizes findings from the Continuous Update Project (CUP) on diet, weight, physical activity and cancer risk. The CUP analyzes global research on cancer prevention and survival. The summary identifies several factors that increase cancer risk, such as being overweight, eating processed meat, drinking alcohol, and smoking. It also identifies factors that decrease cancer risk, such as eating vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and engaging in physical activity. The CUP findings are used to update the World Cancer Research Fund's Cancer Prevention Recommendations.
Operationalising World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Cancer Prevention Recommendations Using an Index Score
ISBNPA 3-6 June 2015
Giota Mitrou PhD MSc
Head of Research Funding & Science External Relations
World Cancer Research Fund International
A coherent approach: effective policy actions for fruits and vegetables throughout the NOURISHING framework.
Bryony Sinclair
Policy and Public Affairs Manager
World Cancer Research Fund International
Presentation from the World Cancer Congress, 3-6 December 2014, Melbourne, Australia: Reducing the global cancer burden through policy action on diet, physical inactivity and alcohol
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What is a typical meal for a person on a Mediterranean diet?Krill Arctic Foods
Curious about what a typical Mediterranean diet dinner entails? Dive into our collection of delectable Mediterranean diet recipes for dinner that are both nutritious and satisfying. From savory grilled chicken with Greek-inspired flavors to vibrant vegetable pasta dishes, we've curated a menu that captures the essence of Mediterranean cooking. Explore the world of Mediterranean flavors and elevate your dinner table with our inspired recipes that celebrate health and taste in every bite
Discover the Magic 7 Fruits for Weight Loss You Need to Know About!.pdfRapidLeaks
Fruits, a.k.a, nature’s candy are beneficial for tons of reasons. They’re filled with vitamins and nutrients that are not just healthy but delicious too. And, some have officially been identified as fruits for weight loss, which makes them ideal for any and every kind of diet you are currently experimenting with.
Also read: https://rapidleaks.com/lifestyle/food-drink/fruits-weight-loss/
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Cacao, the main component used in the creation of chocolate and other cacao-based products is cacao beans, which are produced by the cacao tree in pods. The Maya and Aztecs, two of the earliest Mesoamerican civilizations, valued cacao as a sacred plant and used it in religious rituals, social gatherings, and medical treatments. It has a long and rich cultural history.
FOOD PSYCHOLOGY CHARLA EN INGLES SOBRE PSICOLOGIA NUTRICIONALNataliaLedezma6
Our decisions about what to put on our plate are far more intricate than simply following hunger cues. Food psychology delves into the fascinating world of why we choose the foods we do, revealing a complex interplay of emotions, stress, and even disorders.
The Menu affects everything in a restaurant; as our friend and FCSI consultant Bill Main says, “The Menu is your blueprint for profitability.”
Let’s start with the segment. What will be your marketing and brand positioning? It depends on what menu items you serve. What type of cooking methods and equipment will you use? GUEST EXPERIENCE = FACILITY (Space) DESIGN + MENU + SERVPOINTS™
W.H. Bender & Associates
408-784-7371
whb@whbender.com
www.whbender.com
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Effective food packaging provides number of purposes. It functions as a container to hold and transport the food product, as well as a barrier to protect the food from outside contamination such as water, light, odours, bacteria, dust, and mechanical damage by maintaining the food quality. The package may also include barriers to keep the product's moisture content or gas composition consistent. Furthermore, convenience is vital role in packaging, and the desire for quick opening, dispensing, and resealing packages that maintain product quality until fully consumed is increasing. To facilitate trading, encourage sales, and inform on content and nutritional attributes, the packaging must be communicative. For storage of food there is huge scope for modified atmosphere packaging, intelligent packaging, active packaging, and controlled atmosphere packaging. Active packaging has a variety of uses, including carbon dioxide absorbers and emitters, oxygen scavengers, antimicrobials, and moisture control agents. Smart packaging is another term for intelligent packaging. Edible packaging, self-cooling and self-heating packaging, micro packaging, and water-soluble packaging are some of the advancements in package material.
2. In this brief, we provide a
guide to available policies
that can assist countries
in reducing the amount
of sugar consumed at a
population level to meet the
World Health Organization’s
sugar guideline.
We illustrate the available
policies, provide examples
that have worked and
include input from those
involved in the development
and implementation of
these policies.
3. u Globally, the number of people overweight or obese has reached epidemic proportions
fuelling the growing rates of non-communicable diseases, including at least ten cancers.
Excessive sugar consumption is one factor promoting overweight and obesity.
u Sugar is widely available and cheap. Over the last decade, global sugar consumption has
grown from about 130 to 178 million tonnes.
u The World Health Organization’s (WHO) sugar guideline, issued in March 2015, recommends
that adults and children restrict their sugar intake to less than 10% of total energy intake per
day, which is the equivalent of around 12.5 teaspoons of sugar for adults, and suggests a
further reduction to below 5% of total energy intake per day.
u Effective, feasible policy actions are available for governments to reduce the availability and
affordability of sugar and sugary products, influence the acceptability of alternatives and
raise awareness about the sugar contained in products in an effort to move towards meeting
the WHO sugar guideline.
u Examples of actions which have had these effects include school nutrition standards in
Queensland, Australia; a vending machine ban in France; a front-of-package symbol that led
to product reformulation in the Netherlands; soda taxes in France and Mexico; a programme
targeting retail environments in New York City, USA; a programme promoting increased water
consumption in schools in Hungary; school fruit and vegetable programmes in Netherlands
and Norway; a healthy marketing campaign in Los Angeles County, USA and a comprehensive
nutrition and health programme in France.
u Experience from officials implementing these policies and pilot programmes provides
important insights for governments to help them design more effective policies to reduce
sugar intake in the context of broader dietary improvements. Insights include the need for
measurable indicators of change; engagement, incentives, and/or clear standards for entities
involved in the manufacture and delivery of food; actions to inform stakeholders about the
broader benefits of reduced sugar consumption; clear and understandable messages for
consumers, and synergistic, complementary actions.
u A comprehensive approach is needed to reduce sugar consumption at a population level. Our
NOURISHING framework can be used to identify the ten areas where policy action is needed.
u Part of this comprehensive approach should be dialogue with stakeholders in the sugar
supply chain to identify what ‘upstream’ actions can be taken to reduce the supply and
demand for sugar, taking into consideration the economic impact of such actions.
Overview
1
4. Excessive consumption of sugar is one factor promoting overweight
and obesity. In 2013, about 37% of men and 38% of women worldwide
were overweight or obese. Excess weight increases the risk of non-
communicable diseases, including some cancers. Research analysed
from World Cancer Research Fund International’s Continuous Update
Project shows there is strong evidence that being overweight or obese
increases the risk of ten cancers: bowel (colorectal); gallbladder;
kidney; liver; oesophagus; ovary; pancreas; prostate (advanced);
post-menopausal breast and womb (endometrial).1
Research has established that there is an association between dietary
sugar consumption and weight gain. Our own research shows substantial
and consistent evidence that energy-dense foods, sugary drinks and
‘fast foods’ contribute to weight gain, overweight and obesity by promoting
excess energy intake.2
Sugar consumption is indirectly linked to cancer
through overweight and obesity. Currently, there is insufficient evidence to
show a direct link between sugar and cancer.a
WHERE IS SUGAR FOUND?
Sugar is found in our diets in a variety of ways:
- Naturally built into the structure of foods such as fruits
and vegetables.
- Naturally present in milk and milk products.
- As ‘added-sugar’, which refers to sugars and syrups added
to foods and drinks during processing and preparation.
- As ‘free sugars’, which refers both to added sugars, like
sucrose or table sugar, and sugars naturally present in honey,
syrups, fruit juices and fruit concentrates. Most free sugars
consumed are added to foods and drinks. Free sugars do not
include sugar that is naturally built into the structure of foods
or to sugars naturally present in milk and milk products.
* Throughout this brief ‘sugar’ refers to ‘free sugars’.
2
a Current evidence does not indicate a direct link between artificial sweeteners
and cancer.
b The WHO guideline provides recommendations on the intake of ‘free sugars’.
‘Free sugars’ are defined by the WHO as “monosaccharides and disaccharides added
to foods and beverages by the manufacturer, cook or consumer, and sugars naturally
present in honey, syrups, fruit juices and fruit juice concentrates”.
Why is global sugar consumption a problem?
INCREASES
ENERGY DENSITY
OF FOOD AND DRINK
CONTRIBUTES TO
WEIGHT GAIN
LEADS TO BEING
OVERWEIGHT
OR OBESE
INCREASES
CANCER RISK
SUGAR
5. Owing to the health implications of excess sugar consumption, in March 2015, the World Health
Organization (WHO) issued a guideline3
on sugar, which defines too much sugar as more than 10% of
total calories (energy intake) per day for both children and adults.b
For an average daily diet containing
2,000 calories, 10% of total calories is equivalent to about 50 grams of sugar or around 12.5
teaspoons. For further (dental) health benefits, the guideline suggests keeping sugar consumption to
below 5% of total calories per day, the equivalent of about 25 grams of sugar or around 6 teaspoons.
Global consumption exceeds the WHO’s sugar guideline
Worldwide, many populations consume sugars at levels that exceed the WHO’s sugar guideline, such
as Brazil, Canada, South Africa, the UK and the USA. Sugar consumption is growing, especially in
low- and middle- income countries. Between 2000/2001 and 2013/2014 global sugar consumption
grew from about 130 to 178 million tonnes, and is expected to reach about 182 million tonnes in
2014/2015. Almost three quarters of global sugar consumption each year takes place in developing
countries. This overconsumption of sugar is taking place in the context of a cheap and abundant
supply of sugar on the world market.
3
The World Health Organization guideline recommends keeping sugar
consumption to below 10% of total calories per day and suggests
keeping it below 5% for further health benefits.
Calculated based on an average daily diet containing 2,000 calories
5% OF TOTAL
CALORIES
13 tsp
12.5 tsp
6 tsp
9 tsp
330ml COLA
10% OF TOTAL
CALORIES
50g
SUGAR
500ml COLA
25g
SUGAR
53g
SUGAR
35g
SUGAR
6. MAIN SUGAR
PRODUCING
COUNTRIES
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
21%
BRAZIL
INDIA
EU
CHINA
THAILAND
US
MEXICO
PAKISTAN
AUSTRALIA
SUGAR PRODUCED SUGAR EXPORTED
SUGAR(1,000TONNES)
Why is sugar so
available and cheap?
Over 86% of the global sugar supply
comes from sugar cane, produced
and exported from a small handful
of countries with tropical climates.
The rest of the sugar supply comes
from sugar beet produced in northern
temperate regions of the world.
Sugar is produced as either ‘raw’ or
‘refined’ sugar, and also has industrial
uses, most notably ethanol. In a small
number of countries, particularly the
United States and Mexico, there is a
lower cost alternative to sugar – high
fructose corn syrup, which is produced
from corn.
Even though sugar prices have risen in
recent years, they have had a long-term
downward trend and are very volatile.
The relatively low cost of producing
sugar in the leading exporting countries
is one reason why sugar is cheap. Sugar
is also frequently traded at less than
the costs of production.
Sugar is grown by millions of small-
scale farmers. However, its supply is
controlled by a huge and complex web
of transnational millers, refiners, traders
and processors with operations
across the world.
LEADING GLOBAL
SUGAR BUSINESSES
(CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS)
ASR Group – American Sugar Holdings (USA)
Alvean – joint venture between Cargill and
Copersucar (Switzerland)
AB Sugar – Associated British Foods (UK)
Louis Dreyfus Commodities (Netherlands)
Mitr Phol Sugar Corp (Thailand)
Raizen (Brazil)
Suedzucker AG (Germany)
Tereos (France)
4
46%
16%
9%
3%
8%
6%
15%
4% 4%
4%
3% 3%
6%
Percentages above blue bars represent share of global sugar
production. Percentages above red bars represent share of
global sugar exports.
7. How can policies influence sugar consumption?
World Cancer Research Fund International’s NOURISHING framework on Page 6 shows that a
comprehensive set of policies is necessary to reduce sugar consumption. Action is needed across
all three policy domains outlined in NOURISHING: food environment, food system and behaviour
change communication, as each plays an important role in influencing what we eat.
Policies to address sugar consumption should be implemented in consideration of the many dietary
factors that influence health. Failure to embed sugar policy in the context of improving the total diet
introduces the risk that the policies will be inefficient or ineffective, or have unintended adverse
effects from a broader health perspective: for example, if reducing the sugar content of processed
foods is compensated for by an increase of fat.
All of us consume some sugar in one form or another. Sugar and sugary products are widely available
and affordable. We may not find alternatives appetising, or even be aware of how much sugar there is
in the products we eat. Policy can therefore be used to help us reduce sugar intake by influencing:
u how available sugar and sugary products are
u how affordable they are
u how acceptable sugar and its alternatives are perceived to be
u how aware we are of sugar in products
4 A’S THAT INFLUENCE
SUGAR CONSUMPTION
AVAILABILITY
AFFORDABILITY
ACCEPTABILITY
AWARENESS
5
9. Which policies have worked?
Our NOURISHING policy database shows that countries around the world have implemented actions
from across the NOURISHING framework to promote healthier diets. Evidence is available from
several of these actions to show there are ways to effectively reduce the availability and affordability
of sugary products; increase the acceptability of alternatives and increase the awareness of sugar in
products. We identified the evidence through a four-step process (see Method Box).
Method used for identifying effective policies
1. From our NOURISHING policy database, we identified consumer-facing policies and
interventions that have been implemented and have the potential to impact sugar intake.
2. We searched for evidence of the impact/effect/outcome of these policies in the
following electronic databases: EBSCOhost, Pubmed, Google Scholar, as well as through
searches on government websites and Google. We also performed additional searches
using the reference lists of relevant articles.
3. We reviewed the peer-reviewed journal articles and
reports that we identified. We found very few examples
of policies that focused exclusively on sugar (except
for policies targeting sugary drinks), as most policies
that tackle sugar in some form do so along with other
dietary components.
4. We assessed each policy for its reach,
effectiveness, adoption, implementation and
maintenance of effects, and classified the policy
as ‘working’ if it affected one or more of four
indicators: the availability of sugary products, the
affordability of sugary products, the increased
purchase or intake of alternatives and the
awareness of sugar in products.
5. We selected policies and interventions that
‘worked’ according to the selected indicators.
6. We also researched the nature of sugar
supply chains, and the policies that govern
them, to assess whether there are any clear
intervention points to reduce consumption in
the sugar supply chain.
7
10. Availability, affordability, acceptability awareness
Here we describe examples of policy actions and their effects across the 4 A’s that influence sugar
consumption: availability, affordability, acceptability and awareness.
AVAILABILITY
Reducing the availability of sugary products in schools
AUSTRALIA: Queensland’s “Smart Choices – Healthy Food and Drink Supply Strategy”
Launched in 2005 and mandatory in all state schools since 2007, Smart Choices are school nutrition
standards that separate foods and drinks into three categories ‘green, amber and red,’ based on
their energy, saturated fat, sugar, sodium and fibre content. Smart Choices ensures that ‘red’ foods
and drinks (those high in saturated fat, added sugar or salt) are eliminated across the entire school
environment (e.g. tuck shops, vending machines, school events, sponsorship and advertising).
Surveys of school principals, Parents and Citizens’ Associations (‘PCs’ - who usually operate school
tuck shops or canteens) and tuck shop convenors six months after implementation indicated that
Smart Choices nutrition standards had been implemented in almost all tuck shops (between 96%
and 99%). 97% of tuck shop convenors reported all ‘red’ foods had been removed and 91% reported
the availability of ‘green’ foods had increased. 56% of PCs reported increased or unchanged tuck
shop profits. Smart Choices therefore effectively reduced the availability of ‘unhealthy foods’ on
school premises, especially sugary drinks and confectionery. Targeting drink vending machines was
particularly effective in reducing the supply of sugary drinks.
“Critical success factors of the Smart Choices strategy include that it applies to all situations
where food and drinks are supplied in the school environment, implementation is mandatory
in all 1,275 Queensland state primary and secondary schools, and the requirements are well
understood.”
“A key breakthrough in securing the education sector’s leadership in this health initiative was
the recognition that improving schools’ food supply not only helped fulfill their duty of care to the
students, but contributed positively to children’s academic performance. This was fostered by the
development of strategic partnerships and strong inter-disciplinary relationships, that promoted
evidence-informed decision making.”
Professor Amanda Lee, School of Public Health and Social Work School of Exercise and Nutrition
Science, Queensland University of Technology
8
“
“
11. FRANCE: Vending machine ban
France’s 2004 Public Health Law includes a vending machine ban in schools, which has been
enforced since September 2005. Before the ban, vending machines were present on the school
premises of 89.4% of public lycées (students aged 14-17) and 39.3% of public collèges (students
aged 11-13). Comparing data from 1998 and 2006 (before and after the ban was implemented),
a significant reduction in calories (between 90-115 calories), fat, sodium and, especially, free sugar
intakes (10-12 grams) was observed during morning break after the ban came into force.
Reducing the availability of sugary products in retail environments
USA: Shop Healthy NYC
Shop Healthy NYC is a New York City Health Department initiative that aims to increase access to
healthy food and engage residents and organisations in supporting sustainable food retail changes in
their community. To ensure a long-term impact, the programme aims to influence supply and demand
by: 1) reaching out to food retailers to increase their stock and promotion of healthy foods, including
intensively working with stores to meet specific criteria; 2) collaborating with distributors and
suppliers to facilitate wholesale purchases and widespread promotion of healthy foods; 3) engaging
community constituents (customers) to support participating retailers and increase neighbourhood
access to healthy foods. An evaluation of Shop Healthy NYC – implemented in Bronx neighbourhoods
– found that across 170 participating bodegas (convenience stores) and supermarkets, 75%
displayed low calorie refrigerated drinks and water at eye level (compared with 45% at baseline); the
ratio of unhealthy to healthy ads shifted from 11:1 to 1:1; stores advertising healthy options (e.g.
snacks with limits on calories, fat, salt and sugar) increased from 42% to 90%; advertising for sugary
drinks decreased from 85% of ads to 52% of ads; advertising for water increased from 3% of ads
to 12% of ads; and 64% of customers who saw any Shop Healthy NYC materials said the materials
made them consider purchasing the healthier option advertised, with 49% ultimately purchasing the
healthier advertised product. In general, shop owners participating in the initiative learned how to
effectively sell and promote healthier foods through improved displays and signage.
“The combination of working intensively with most store owners in a defined area to improve food
choices and garnering support from neighborhood constituents to ‘adopt’ or shop at those stores,
is what makes the Shop Healthy NYC initiative successful and sustainable.”
Cathy Nonas, Senior Advisor, Center for Health Equity, NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
9
“
“
12. 10
Reducing the availability of sugar in the food supply:
product reformulation
Evidence indicates that products with front-of-package symbols have encouraged food manufacturers
to reformulate their products with less salt and trans fat. There is some limited evidence that
labelling has also encouraged manufacturers to reduce sugar levels. Few studies have examined
the impact on sugar levels, with the Netherlands Choices logod
being one exception. The voluntary
logo appears on healthier options in a product group, defined according to their levels of sodium,
sugar, fat, calories and dietary fibre. Research shows that most products carrying the logo have been
reformulated to meet the logo’s criteria, including soups, sandwiches and processed meat. Saturated
fat, added sugars and calories have been significantly reduced in dairy products to meet the logo
criteria and added sugar has been reduced in sauces. New products specifically formulated to meet
the criteria were developed following the launch of the logo – typically, snacks; processed fruits and
vegetables; fruit juices and drinks; and soups.
“Companies are willing to improve their products, but they need guidance and a reward. By offering
them a positive front of pack logo when they fulfill the criteria of the Choices programme, they can
show the quality of the product to the consumer.”
“By defining the criteria every four years with an independent scientific committee, we make sure
that they are recognised as an objective guideline for product development by participants of the
Choices programme as well as by other companies and health promoting organisations.”
Dr Léon Jansen, Secretary, Scientific Committee, Dutch Choices Foundation
d There is no evidence that Choices is better than any other logo at encouraging the reformulation of products to include
less sugar.
“ “
13. AFFORDABILITY
Reducing affordability of sugary drinks: soda taxes
FRANCE: The French soda tax
The tax, comprising approximately of 11 euro cents for a 1.5 litre of soda, has been in effect since 1
January 2012. As an excise tax, it is expected that producers or sellers (who must pay the tax to the
government) will pass (shift) the tax on to the consumer by raising the price of the product; thereby,
recovering the cost of tax. Research shows that the tax significantly increased the price of beverages
liable for the tax (all non-alcoholic beverages with added sugar or sweetener, e.g. soda, fruit drinks
and flavoured waters). Six months after implementation, the tax was ‘fully shifted’ to soda prices but
only partially to the prices of fruit drinks and flavoured waters (about 60% and 85% respectively).
MEXICO: Mexico’s sugary drinks tax
The tax has been in effect since January 2014 and increases the price of sugary drinks by about 10%
– 1 peso ($0.07) per litre. Sugary drinks are defined under the law as all drinks with added sugar,
excluding milks or yoghurts. Preliminary results of the Mexican soda tax show that in the first quarter
of 2014, there was, approximately, a 10% decrease in sales of taxed beverages.
ACCEPTABILITY
Increasing the acceptability of fruits and vegetables relative to
sugary snacks: School Fruit and Vegetable Programmes
NETHERLANDS: The Dutch SchoolGruiten Programme
The programme was implemented in 2003 with a 3-year pilot and provided one serving of fruit or
vegetables twice a week at no cost to school children. Children from schools with the intervention
programme brought in fruit and vegetables and fewer unhealthy snacks from home, significantly
more often than children in schools without the intervention. Starting in 2006, the SchoolGruiten
Programme was rolled out nationally with the costs of the fruit and vegetables passed onto schools,
parents or third parties. The SchoolGruiten Programme ran until 2013 and the teaching materials
were adapted and transitioned into the EU School Fruit Programme.
11
14. 12
NORWAY: Norway’s School Fruit Programmes
The subscription school fruit programme was initiated in 1996 and made nationwide in 2003, for
students in grades 1-10. In 2007, a free school fruit programme was also implemented nationwide in all
secondary elementary schools (grades 8-10) and combined schools (grades 1-10). In both programmes,
a piece of fruit or vegetable was provided every school day to students. Research shows that students
enrolled in schools implementing the programme increased their overall fruit and vegetable intake and
reduced the frequency of their unhealthy snack consumption (sugary drinks, candy and potato chips).
In the free fruit programme, the reduced frequency in consumption of unhealthy snacks was especially
evident among students with parents with lower educational attainment. Norway’s Free School Fruit
Programme was replaced with a subscription programme in 2014.
“The national education act was revised in 2008 and made it clear that the municipalities
(as school owner) were responsible for providing free fruit and vegetables every school day to all
students attending the included schools.”
“Furthermore, the amount of earmarked funds available for this programme to each municipality
was public information, and parents could complain to the County Governor if their municipality
cut programme funds. Whenever a County Governor had to instruct a city to reinstate the
programme, it received a lot of media attention.”
Professor Knut-Inge Klepp, Director-General, Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute
of Public Health, Norway
Increasing the acceptability of water relative to sugary drinks
HUNGARY: Hungarian Aqua Promoting Programme in the Young (HAPPY)
Implemented initially as a two-month intervention programme in 2007, HAPPY aimed to increase the
popularity of drinking water among primary school students aged 7 to 10. The programme promoted
water consumption by educating students about adequate fluid consumption and making free water
available (in water coolers) on school premises. At the end of the intervention, there was a significant
increase in the children’s knowledge about fluid intake, a significant decrease in sugary drinks
“ “
15. 13
consumption, and an increase in water consumption (with almost two-thirds of students reducing the
amount of sugary drinks they consumed). In addition, fewer students brought sugary drinks to school
and more students brought water to school following the intervention. Based on the success of the
pilot, in 2010 the National Institute for Food and Nutrition Science extended HAPPY nationwide for
voluntary adoption by schools. In 2014, around 144 schools had implemented the programme.
“Clear measurable indicators are needed to demonstrate programme achievements for decision
makers.Thus, monitoring and roboust evaluation are key elements for sustainability and future funding.”
“Appropriate steps like having a responsible contact person, building strong collaborations,
regular communication with the target groups, and effective documentation and dissemination
needs to be planned and undertaken. If you would like to realise impact, first identify the problem
then develop the proper language to effectively educate and reach your target group, especially
when you are working with children.”
Dr Eva Martos MD PhD, General Director, National Institute for Food and Nutrition Science,
Budapest, Hungary
AWARENESS
Raising awareness of sugar in products
USA: Los Angeles County’s “Sugar Pack” campaign
This campaign aimed to increase awareness of the number of “sugar packs” (a packet containing
three grams of sugar, commonly found in restaurants) in sugary drinks, as well as the adverse health
effects of obesity. The campaign ran between October 2011 and December 2012 and used paid
media messages placed on billboards, buses, and railways, a short video on transit TV, a website that
included a sugar calculator, and social media. The campaign visuals and messages were pre-tested
on the intended targeted audiences, and the campaign materials and resources were produced in
both English and Spanish. Results from an evaluation demonstrated that the campaign increased
the public’s knowledge of the number of sugar packs in drinks and the health effects of obesity. The
campaign also resulted in favourable recognition of health messages, and over 60% of respondents
reported they were likely or very likely to reduce their daily intake of sugary drinks.e
“Sugar in a soda presented as sugar packets rather than other measures such as grams
resonated with the public. Consumers were provided with a measure that was clear, striking,
and very familiar to them – really driving the point home.”
Noel Barragan, Program Manager, Strategic Planning for Community and Health Resources,
Division of Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health
“ “
“
“
e Barragan NC et al. (2014). The “sugar pack” health marketing campaign in Los Angeles County, 2011-2012.
Health Promotion Practice 15(2): 208-216.
16. 14
Taking a comprehensive approach
FRANCE: The National Nutrition and Health Programme (PNNS)
This programme promotes health across an entire population and uses a number of policies with
components that aim to reduce sugar intake in the context of improving the total diet. The programme
includes nine objectives, one of which is to reduce the consumption of added sugar by 25%. It involves
collaboration across multiple sectors, including the government, food industry, research, education
communities, consumers and healthcare organisations. The PNNS was implemented in 2001 and is
an ongoing programme. Mass media campaigns organized in the first phase of the PNNS (2001-2005)
aimed to encourage fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity and the consumption of foods
rich in wholegrains, while reducing the consumption of foods with added sugars. The Food Quality
Observatory (Oqali) was created in 2008 as part of the second phase of the PNNS. Oqali assesses
the nutritional composition of food items sold in France, follows nutritional and labelling changes in
the food supply (including food reformulation), and assesses PNNS voluntary commitment charters for
nutritional improvement signed by the food industry. The charters of voluntary commitment (launched in
the second phase of PNNS) have resulted in product reformulation, including a significant reduction in
sugar in some food categories. For example, between 2001 and 2008 among breakfast cereals, there
was a 10% reduction in sugar content (a quarter of cereals sold had reduced sugar content by 1.5 – 9.0
grams per 100 grams). Based on the first 15 signed charters of commitment, an estimated 11,700
to 13,000 tonnes of sugar were removed from the French food market over the period of two years
(2008-2010). In 2010, mandatory guidelines on the nutritional composition of meals served in schools
(including sugar) were implemented.
“The success of a public health programme like the PNNS relies on a combination of synergistic
and complementary actions, measures, regulations and laws. It combines different strategies
oriented towards education, communication, information, training of professionals, nutritional
environment, as well as towards food composition, availability, accessibility and affordability.
The PNNS framework also accounts for notions such as pleasure, conviviality and gastronomy.”
“Efforts to improve knowledge about nutrition are essential but are clearly not enough.
The choices for consumption cannot solely be the individual’s responsibility, because for the
consumer, the available choices depend largely on the environment.”
Professor Serge Hercberg, Chairman of the French Nutrition and Health Programme (PNNS)
“
“
17. 15
What can other sectors do?
Our research shows that with so many players and a complex, dynamic system, there is no obvious
way to intervene in the sugar supply chain to reduce the consumption of free sugars. Many different
sectors of government (e.g. agriculture, trade, industry) and society (e.g. farmers, agribusiness, food
manufacturers) are involved. Despite this complexity, the fact that sugar is both cheap and widely
available means there is a strong case for exploring opportunities to harness these other sectors
to take action to influence the availability and affordability of sugary products, the acceptability of
alternatives and people’s awareness of sugar in products.
Our research suggests that the following questions could provide a starting point for dialogue
and research:
u Is supporting farmers and labourers involved in sugar production one way of reducing
consumption? Though the rewards are few, growing sugar supports the livelihoods of millions
of farmers and agricultural workers. It is also an important source of national revenue for many
countries, both large and small. Reducing production could potentially have adverse economic
impacts. The economic threats posed by reduced production have led to opposition to policies
to reduce sugar consumption. Is the time right to encourage farmers to transition out of sugar
production and into healthier alternatives which demand higher market prices? Since farmers
receive such a small proportion of the price paid for sugar, could more Fairtrade and organic sugar
benefit both people’s health (through higher sugar prices) and farmers’ livelihoods?
u Could the provision of clean water, fruits and vegetables encourage a large-scale substitution
away from sugary foods and drinks? Evidence presented here shows that school-based policies
can effectively encourage children to switch from sugary drinks to water and from sugary snacks
to fruits and vegetables. Could the same process be scaled up from specific settings to the
whole food supply? There is anecdotal evidence that people in low- and middle-income countries
consume sugary drinks because they are concerned about the safety of the water supply. Many
people across the world lack access to fruit and vegetables. Is harnessing the power of suppliers
of water, fruit and vegetables to increase availability and affordability, one answer to excess
sugar intake?
u What is the role of reformulation? Evidence presented here shows that reformulation to reduce
the amount of sugars added to processed foods is possible. Moreover, our research into the sugar
supply chain shows that a lot of the global sugar supply is sold to food manufacturers for use
in processed foods, rather than to households for use in the home. Yet, actions to reformulate
products around the world still focus on salt and trans fats. What are the challenges faced by
food manufacturers to reduce added sugars in their products? Can government policies and
investments help address some of these challenges and motivate change? Will the reduction of
sugar content actually lead to healthier diets, or will there be unintended consequences?
18. 16
u Is facilitating the adoption of non-caloric sweeteners by soft drink manufacturers part of the
solution? Many large sugar refiners also produce non-caloric sweeteners, or have joint ventures
with companies who manufacturer non-caloric sweeteners. Equivalent prices of non-caloric
sweeteners are lower than sugar. Yet despite these price incentives to increase the use of
non-caloric sweeteners, the market is still just 10% of the global market for all sweeteners
(80% is sugar). One reason may be that non-caloric sweeteners cannot be used as a direct
substitute for sugar in foods since they do not have ‘bulking’ properties. Non-caloric sweeteners
are also heavily regulated. And from a health perspective, there is reported to be “insufficient
clinical and epidemiologic data available to make definitive conclusions regarding the benefits of
NNS [non-nutritive sweeteners] in displacing caloric sweeteners as related to energy balance.”f
Nevertheless, soft drink manufacturers can directly substitute non-caloric sweeteners in their
sugary drinks. What is preventing soft drink manufacturers from switching all of their product
portfolios to non-caloric sweeteners? What further evidence is needed to identify if the use of
non-caloric sweeteners can assist in obesity prevention? Or is looking to non-caloric sweeteners
at best an ill-advised short-term solution since it still promotes a preference for sweetness and a
reliance on highly-processed foods in the diet?
u Is there a role for policy on sugar production, trade and distribution? The policy environment
around sugar is very complex, with incentives for production, trade and distribution being affected
by a range of subsidies, quotas and trade agreements, which vary from place to place and affect
different parts of the sugar supply chain in different ways. Yet within this complexity, specific policies
clearly have specific effects on sugar prices and on the behaviour of sugar businesses. Are there any
supply-side sugar policies that could make a difference to sugar consumption globally?
f Shankar P, Ahuja S, Sriram K (2013). Non-nutritive sweeteners: Review and update. Nutrition, 29(11-12):1293-1299.
RECOMMENDATIONS
To help curb sugar consumption, promote healthier diets and reduce non-communicable
diseases, governments should:
u Learn from the policy actions highlighted here and the experience of the experts who have
developed and implemented them. Governments should prioritise not only taking more
action, but more effective action to curb sugar consumption.
u Initiate dialogue with stakeholders in the sugar supply chain. This could identify what
‘upstream’ actions can be taken to reduce the supply and demand for sugar.
u Avoid looking at sugar in isolation. Policies to reduce sugar intake should be implemented
in the context of broader dietary improvements.
u Take a comprehensive approach to reducing sugar consumption. Action is needed across
all three policy domains outlined in our NOURISHING framework: food environment,
food system and behaviour change communication.
19. References
1. World Cancer Research Fund International Continuous Update Project www.wcrf.org/int/research-we-fund/continuous-
update-project-findings-reports
2. World Cancer Research Fund / American Institute for Cancer Research. Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the
Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective. Washington DC: AICR, 2007
3. Guideline: Sugars intake for adults and children. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015.
Acknowledgements
This brief was written by Bryony Sinclair and Corinna Hawkes with research support from Anna Savelyeva. We would like to
gratefully acknowledge input from policymakers and researchers about the included policy actions and their effects, as well
as colleagues from World Cancer Research Fund International who reviewed and designed the brief.
Suggested citation for this publication
World Cancer Research Fund International. ‘Curbing global sugar consumption:
Effective food policy actions to help promote healthy diets and tackle obesity’, 2015
For further information
Contact World Cancer Research Fund International’s Policy and Public Affairs department email: policy@wcrf.org