The UN Decade of Action on Nutrition: Connecting the Dots for Nigeria by Remmy Nweke

A presentation on:
The UN Decade Of Action On Nutrition:
Connecting The Dots For Nigeria
By
Remmy NWEKE, mNUJ, mNGE, mGOCOP
National Coordinator
Media Centre Against child Malnutrition (MeCAM)
Group Executive Editor,
ITREALMS Media group
[ITREALMS, NaijaAgroNet, DigitalSENSE Business Mag.]
@ 2020
“Protein Challenge Nigeria”
organized by
MediaCraft Associates
On Friday, 21st August, 2020
Member:

1. Protocol +Keywords
2. What is UN Decade of Action
3. Commitments by country
4. Conscious Eradication of
Hunger+Malnutrition
5. Nutrition Defined
6. 7 Major Classes of Nutrients
7. Why UN was concerned?
8. Aims of Nutrition Decade
9. Work Programme of the Nutrition Decade
10. Of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)
11. NCDs & Risk Factors
12. Proportional Mortality
13. Governments & Call To Action
The UN Decade of Action on Nutrition: Connecting the Dots for Nigeria by Remmy NWEKE
- Contents -
14. Home Grown School Feeding Programme
15. School Feed programme @Lockdown
16. Economies of HealthCare, Nutrition in Nigeria
17. Nigeria’s health budget [2018-2020]
18. Achieving SDG-2 in Nigeria
19. Wrap-UP
20.References
21. Overview of Malnutrition burden in Nigeria
22. Wrap Up
23. Reference
24. Q & A?

The United Nations (UN) Decade of Action on
Nutrition is a commitment by United Nations Member
States to undertake some 10-year of sustained and
coherent implementation of policies, programmes and
increased investments to eliminate malnutrition in all
its forms, everywhere, and leaving no one behind.
This follows the recommendation in the Rome
Declaration, the United Nations (UN) Decade of
Action on Nutrition (2016–2025) as declared by the
UN General Assembly in April 2016.
Thus offering a unique opportunity to all countries
and stakeholders to unite around a common
framework and to increase the visibility, coordination,
efficiency and effectiveness of nutrition action at all
levels across the world.
- What is UN Decade of Action? -

In order to manage a coordinated implementation of the
United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition (Nutrition
Decade), the UN General Assembly mandated the Food
and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) and World Health
Organisation (WHO) to co-lead its implementation and to
develop a work programme to this effect.
Till date only three countries have filed for commitment
out of the 193 UN member states, but none from Africa.
- Commitments by country -

Mindful of the provisions of the annex to Economic and Social
Council resolution 1989/84 of 24 May 1989 regarding
international decades in economic and social fields;
Conscious of the need to eradicate hunger and prevent all
forms of malnutrition worldwide, particularly undernourishment,
stunting, wasting, underweight and overweight in children
under 5 years of age and anaemia in women and children,
among other micronutrient deficiencies, as well as reverse the
rising trends in overweight and obesity and reduce the burden
of diet-related non communicable diseases in all age groups;
- Conscious Eradication of Hunger+Malnutrition -

- Conscious Eradication of Hunger+Malnutrition-2 -
Also conscious of the need to reduce food losses and
waste throughout the food chain in order to contribute to
food security, nutrition and sustainable development;
Recalling that the Sustainable Development Goals and
targets are integrated and indivisible as well as balance
the three dimensions of sustainable development, and
acknowledging the importance of reaching Sustainable
Development Goal 2, which aims to end hunger, achieve
food security and improved nutrition and promote
sustainable agriculture, as well as the interlinked targets
of other Goals.

Nutrition is the science that “interprets the
nutrients and other substances in food in relation
to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and
disease of an organism. It includes ingestion,
absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis,
catabolism and excretion.”
So, its the branch of science that deals with
nutrients and nutrition, particularly in humans.
- Nutrition Defined -

- 7 Major Classes of Nutrients -
7.
Water
6.
Vitamins
5.
Proteins
4.
Minerals
3.
Dietary
fiber
2.
Fats
1.
Carbo-
hydrates
There are seven major classes of nutrients:
These nutrient classes could be
categorized as either macronutrients (needed in
relatively large amounts) or micronutrients
(needed in smaller quantities).

- Why UN was concerned? -
800m -
Chronically
undernourished
159m –
Stunted Children
under 5 50m -Wasted
Children
under 5
2bn+ -
Micronutrient
deficiencies
600m –Rising
Obesity
1.9bn+ -
Overweight
Adults

The Nutrition Decade aims to:
 Accelerate implementation of the commitments
made at the Second International Conference on
Nutrition (ICN2),
 Achieve the global nutrition and diet-related NCD
targets by 2025; and
 Contribute to the realisation of the Sustainable
Development Goals (SDG) by 2030 via Goal 2.
- Aims of Nutrition Decade -

Calls upon Member States, regional political
and economic communities and the global community
to translate the commitments made through the ICN2
Rome Declaration on Nutrition into SMART
commitments for action, in the context of national
nutrition and nutrition-related policies.
The Commitments is managed jointly by the
Secretariat of FAO/WHO.
- Work Programme for ‘Nutrition Decade‘ -

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), include heart
disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes and chronic lung
disease, are collectively responsible for almost 70 per
cent of all deaths worldwide.
Almost three quarters of all NCD deaths, and 82 per
cent of the 16 million people who died prematurely, or
before reaching 70 years of age, occur in low- and
middle-income countries.
- Of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) -

According to WHO, the epidemic of NCDs poses devastating
health consequences for individuals, families and communities, and
threatens to overwhelm health systems.
The socio-economic costs associated with NCDs make the
prevention and control of these diseases a major development
imperative for the 21st century.
- NCDs & Risk Factors:-
• Tobacco use
• Physical inactivity
• Harmful use of alcohol
• Unhealthy diets
The rise of NCDs has
been driven by
primarily four major
risk factors:

- PROPORTIONAL MORTALITY -
11%
cardiovascular
diseases
4% cancers
2% Chronic
respiratory
diseases
1% diabetes
12% other NCDs

UN thus invited Governments and other relevant
stakeholders, including international and regional
organizations, civil society, the private sector and
academia, to actively support the implementation of the
United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition, including
through voluntary contributions, as appropriate.
Jointly compiled reports by FAO and WHO is expected
biennially.
- Governments & Call To Action -
… Plus 1 for Protein Challenge Nigeria

- Connecting the dots in Nigeria -
46bn
2020
50.15bn
2019
71.11bn
2018
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
1
2
3
Nigeria’s health budget [2018-2020]
(amount in billion Naira)

- Home Grown School Feeding Programme -
Home Grown
School Feeding Launched by
President OBJ
in 2005
To improve
nutritional intakes
Targeting 25m
children of school
age
Costs N70 per day,
per child
Retains children in
school
Enhances enrolment,
cognitive abilitiesReduces
absenteeism
Contribute
to learning
Avoid
hunger
Improves food security
@household level
Strengthens
smallholder farmers
Boosts local
agricultural
economies

- … School Feeding @COVID-19 Lockdown -
… School Feeding
despite COVID-19
lockdown
In 2020
FG spent N523.2m
124,589 households
benefited
Across FCT, Lagos
and Ogun States
Primary 1 to 3 pupils in
public schools
participated
Targeted 3.1m
households
Provided
‘uncooked’
vouchers to
beneficiaries
Take-home ration
valued N4,200 each
Pre-COVID meal
each costs N70 per
child
20 school days =
N1,400 x 3 children in
COVID = N4,200
Between May 14 and
July 6 cost =
N523,273,800
(N523.2m)

- Economies of HealthCare, Nutrition in Nigeria -
Total population (16/08/2020) 206,732,316
Life expectancy at birth m/f (years, 2015) 53/56
Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births, 0) n/a
Probability of dying between 15 and 60 years m/f (per 1 000
population, 2013)
368/318
Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2014) 217 | N82,568.50
(17-8-2020) x 206.7m = $44.8bn
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP (2014) 3.7

- MeCAM Experience -
Media Centre Against Child Malnutrition (MeCAM) Nigeria was
founded Thursday, August 28, 2015, as a media advocacy group
against child malnutrition, and well-being, as well as to
strengthen the agro-nutrition capacity and members’ interest
professionally in contribution to nation-building, especially in
Nigeria and across the continent of Africa among developing
countries of the world.
Committed to Nutrition by showcasing:
Sectoral success & development
Agro-nutrition
Emancipation from extreme hunger
Focus on children, women, society
SDG Goal 2
Annual Nutrition Symposium

N46bn
(2020)
N50.15bn
(2019)
N71.11bn
(2018)
3-Year Health budget
(Amount in billion Naira)
- Nigeria’s health budget [2018-2020] -

- Nigeria’s Progress Report Against 10 Nutrition Targets -
Nigeria’s
Progress Report
Against 10
Nutrition Targets
2019
Under-five stunting
• Some progress
Under-five wasting
• Some progress
Under-five
overweight
*On course
Low birthweight
*No data
Exclusive
breastfeeding
*Some progress
Adult female
obesity
*No progress or
worsening
Adult male obesity
*No progress or
worsening
Adult female
diabetes
• No progress or
worsening
Adult male
diabetes
• No progress or
worsening
Women of Reproductive Age
(WRA) anaemia
• No progress or worsening

Poverty
Inadequat
e food
production
Inadequat
e food
intake
Ignorance
Uneven
distribution
of food
Poor food
preservation
techniques
Improper
preparation
of foods
Food
restrictions
Taboos
Poor
sanitation
- Underlying causes of malnutrition in Nigeria -

- Achieving SDG-2 in Nigeria-

- … Achieving SDG-2 in Nigeria-2-
1. Government must improve access to farm
lands via improved security nationwide
[boundary conflicts, herdsmen-farmer clash,
terrorism, kidnapping and IDPs]
2. Increase health budget with emphasis on
nutrition budget line, early approval and
prompt release
3. Review of School Feed programme
4. Boost small-holder farmers
5. Encourage nutrition-related dieting at all levels

6. Adequate data is essential for economic planning
7. Insufficient target data to assess Nigeria's progress
8. Further actions to be taken to strengthen effective
and significance interventions should include
government policies evolving:
9. Both nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive
investments, health-system and community levels
10. Through an inter-sectoral approach for achieving
the 2025 target.

11. In addition, there is need to partner non-state actors
12. Recognize donors and informal institutional networks
(national, subnational and community based) play critical roles in
shaping policies,
13. Implementing programmes and engagement of
communities.
14. Improve nutritional status of mothers, infants and young
children.
15. Reduce malnutrition in all its forms, while nutrition
efforts must continue beyond 2025.

“Proteins are essential nutrients for the human body. They are
one of the building blocks of body tissue and can also serve as a
fuel source. As a fuel, proteins provide as much energy density
as carbohydrates. Thus, very essential to sustenance of
mankind.”
So, an applause for Protein Challenge Nigeria and all its supporters.
MeCAM is ever-ready to partner with them to ensure no child let
alone a family is malnourished as our quota to changing the
narratives positively.
- Wrap Up -

?
Questions & Answers
Thank you!
Remmy Nweke, mNUJ, mNGE, mGOCOP
National Coordinator
Media Centre Against child Malnutrition (MeCAM)
***
Group Executive Editor,
ITREALMS Media group
[ITREALMS, NaijaAgroNet, DigitalSENSE Business Mag.]
Editor@itrealms.com.ng
Editor_ls@digitalsenseafrica.com.ng
08023122558, 08033592762, 08041000475
2020 Protein Challenge Nigeria

References:
UN declared Decade of Action on Nutrition 2016-2025
https://www.un.org/nutrition/
NEPAD: UN declared Decade of Action on Nutrition 2016-2025
https://www.nepad.org/nutrition/interactive-timeline/un-declared-decade-of-action-nutrition-2016-2025
Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA)
https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/commitments/summary
Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs)
https://www.who.int/health-topics/noncommunicable-diseases#tab=tab_1
Nigeria’s Nutrition Profile
https://globalnutritionreport.org/resources/nutrition-profiles/africa/western-africa/nigeria/
Progress against 10 global nutrition targets 2019
https://globalnutritionreport.org/resources/nutrition-profiles/africa/western-africa/nigeria/
Nigeria’s NCDs country profile
https://www.who.int/nmh/countries/2018/nga_en.pdf?ua=1
Nutrition defined:
Wikipedia
What is Nutrition?
https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+nutrition&rlz=1C1CHBF_enNG859NG859&oq=What+is+Nutriti
on&aqs=chrome.0.0l8.2911j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
UNICEF
https://www.unicef.org/nigeria/nutrition#:~:text=Nigeria%20has%20the%20second%20highest,is%20curren
tly%20reached%20with%20treatment.
Nigeria Population (2020) - Worldometer
https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/nigeria-population/
- References -

The UN Decade of Action on Nutrition: Connecting the Dots for Nigeria by Remmy Nweke

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