This document discusses promoting well-being and preventing disease through nutrition and lifestyle changes in Europe. It notes that central Europe and central Asia have seen the slowest life expectancy gains of any world region. The top preventable risk factors for disease burden are smoking, high blood pressure, overweight/obesity, and physical inactivity. It argues for policies like limiting junk food marketing to children, taxing unhealthy foods, and establishing healthy food standards in schools and government institutions to effectively promote public health.
Presented by Pamela Rendi-Wagner, Director General for Public Health, Austrian Ministry of Health, at the WHO European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Noncommunicable Diseases in the Context of Health 2020 on 4 July 2013, in Vienna, Austria.
Disclaimer: WHO is not responsible for the content of presentations made by external speakers at its meetings and conferences. This presentation is published here with the speaker's consent, only for information purpose.
Presented by João Breda of WHO Regional Office for Europe at the WHO European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Noncommunicable Diseases in the Context of Health 2020, 4 July 2013, in Vienna, Austria
Presented by Prof. Carlos A. Monteiro of the Center for Epidemiological Studies on Health and Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Brazil, at the WHO European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Noncommunicable Diseases in the Context of Health 2020, on 4 July 2013 in Vienna, Austria.
Disclaimer: WHO is not responsible for the content of presentations made by external speakers at its meetings and conferences. This presentation is published here with the speaker's consent, only for information purpose.
This publication provides information on the use of price policies to promote healthy diets and explores policy developments from around the WHO European
Region. It examines the economic theory underpinning the use of subsidies and taxation and explores the currently available evidence. The publication includes
several case studies from WHO European Member States where price policies have been introduced. It concludes with some observations about the design of
more effective price policies.
Presentation made by Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the meeting on Interdepartmental Plan for Public Health of Catalonia (PINSAP) Strategy and Programme, held in Barcelona, Spain on 14 February 2014.
Presented by Pamela Rendi-Wagner, Director General for Public Health, Austrian Ministry of Health, at the WHO European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Noncommunicable Diseases in the Context of Health 2020 on 4 July 2013, in Vienna, Austria.
Disclaimer: WHO is not responsible for the content of presentations made by external speakers at its meetings and conferences. This presentation is published here with the speaker's consent, only for information purpose.
Presented by João Breda of WHO Regional Office for Europe at the WHO European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Noncommunicable Diseases in the Context of Health 2020, 4 July 2013, in Vienna, Austria
Presented by Prof. Carlos A. Monteiro of the Center for Epidemiological Studies on Health and Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Brazil, at the WHO European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Noncommunicable Diseases in the Context of Health 2020, on 4 July 2013 in Vienna, Austria.
Disclaimer: WHO is not responsible for the content of presentations made by external speakers at its meetings and conferences. This presentation is published here with the speaker's consent, only for information purpose.
This publication provides information on the use of price policies to promote healthy diets and explores policy developments from around the WHO European
Region. It examines the economic theory underpinning the use of subsidies and taxation and explores the currently available evidence. The publication includes
several case studies from WHO European Member States where price policies have been introduced. It concludes with some observations about the design of
more effective price policies.
Presentation made by Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the meeting on Interdepartmental Plan for Public Health of Catalonia (PINSAP) Strategy and Programme, held in Barcelona, Spain on 14 February 2014.
Presented by Prof. Adrian Bauman, Director, Prevention Research Centre, Sydney University, Australia at the WHO European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Noncommunicable Diseases in the Context of Health 2020 on 5 July 2013 in Vienna, Austria.
Disclaimer: WHO is not responsible for the content of presentations made by external speakers at its meetings and conferences. This presentation is published here with the speaker's consent, only for information purpose.
Presentation delivered by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe (Positioning the Veneto Region at the core of global and European health policies, 3-4 December 2015, Scuola San Giovanni Evangelista, Venice, Italy)
This presentation is part of the report presented by the WHO Regional Director Zsuzsanna Jakab at the 63rd session of the WHO Regional Committee for Europe in Çeşme Izmir, Turkey, on 16 September 2013.
Presentation delivered by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the School of Public Health Management (Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, 24 November 2016)
Presentation delivered by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the 21st Congress of the European Association of Dental Public Health (1 October 2016 Budapest)
Presentation by WHO Regional Director for Europe, Ms Zsuzsanna Jakab, to the 62nd session of the WHO Regional Committee for Europe, on 10 September 2012.
Presentation made by Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the meeting "Health in Action reforming the Greek National Health System to Improve Citizens’ Health", on 5 March 2014, Athens, Greece.
Contemporary health policy context in Europe: some opportunities and challenges
Presentation by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe. 8 March 2017, Israel
Europe is facing an obesity crisis of epidemic proportions that threatens to place a tremendous burden on its healthcare systems. But policymakers appear divided over how to deal with the issue, according to a new white paper published by The Economist Intelligence Unit and sponsored by Ethicon.
Presentation delivered by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the 65th session of the WHO Regional Committee for Europe (Vilnius, Lithuania, 14–17 September 2015)
Presentation delivered by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe at the Meeting of the ministers of health of the SEEHN Member States (22 June 2015, Belgrade, Serbia)
Presented by Prof. Adrian Bauman, Director, Prevention Research Centre, Sydney University, Australia at the WHO European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Noncommunicable Diseases in the Context of Health 2020 on 5 July 2013 in Vienna, Austria.
Disclaimer: WHO is not responsible for the content of presentations made by external speakers at its meetings and conferences. This presentation is published here with the speaker's consent, only for information purpose.
Presentation delivered by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe (Positioning the Veneto Region at the core of global and European health policies, 3-4 December 2015, Scuola San Giovanni Evangelista, Venice, Italy)
This presentation is part of the report presented by the WHO Regional Director Zsuzsanna Jakab at the 63rd session of the WHO Regional Committee for Europe in Çeşme Izmir, Turkey, on 16 September 2013.
Presentation delivered by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the School of Public Health Management (Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, 24 November 2016)
Presentation delivered by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the 21st Congress of the European Association of Dental Public Health (1 October 2016 Budapest)
Presentation by WHO Regional Director for Europe, Ms Zsuzsanna Jakab, to the 62nd session of the WHO Regional Committee for Europe, on 10 September 2012.
Presentation made by Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the meeting "Health in Action reforming the Greek National Health System to Improve Citizens’ Health", on 5 March 2014, Athens, Greece.
Contemporary health policy context in Europe: some opportunities and challenges
Presentation by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe. 8 March 2017, Israel
Europe is facing an obesity crisis of epidemic proportions that threatens to place a tremendous burden on its healthcare systems. But policymakers appear divided over how to deal with the issue, according to a new white paper published by The Economist Intelligence Unit and sponsored by Ethicon.
Presentation delivered by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the 65th session of the WHO Regional Committee for Europe (Vilnius, Lithuania, 14–17 September 2015)
Presentation delivered by Dr Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe at the Meeting of the ministers of health of the SEEHN Member States (22 June 2015, Belgrade, Serbia)
This session from the 2014 National Landcare Conference explores different strategies in creating a 'digital shopfront' for Landcare in the online age, using tools such as crowdfunding platform Pozible, Google Earth and social media.
www.pozible.com/landcare
Presenters: Rob Dulhunty, Chairman, Landcare NSW Inc; Alan Crabbe - Co-Founder, Pozible; David Walker - Chairman, National
Landcare Network; Rob Youl - OAM, Chairman, Australian Landcare International; Jenny Quealy - Marketing Consultant, Landcare NSW Inc; Sonia Williams, General Manager, NSW Landcare Inc
Estimado alumno, el presente documento sera de utilidad a lo largo de todo el bimestre, si eres de 2º debes tener esta partitura de forma física en tu cuaderno.
Kerala becam the first state in asia to implement Fat Tax..This slides give you an information of what is it? why it is implemented in kerala? what are its advantages and disadvantages ..? who are the benfeciary?
Taxes won't work - Why? Taxation is the wrong tool to address obesity and make consumers’ diets healthier. Taxing food and drink will have a negative impact on the economy.Governments should be encouraging people
to eat a healthy diet and lead balanced lifestyles, not taxing them.
Dal 2nd International Forum on Food and Nutrition, 30 novembre-1 dicembre 2010, Milano. Childhood obesity in Europe: implications for the future food chain - Philip James
The world is facing a nutrition crisis : Approximately 3 Billion people from everyone of the worlds 193 countries have a low quality diets . Over the next 20 years , multiple forms of malnutrition will pose increasingly serious threats to global health. Population growth combined with climate change will place increasing stress on the food systems , particularly in Africa and Asia where there will be an additional two billion people in 2050 . At the same time rapidly increasing urbanisation,particularly in these two regions,will affect hunger and nutrition in complex ways - Both Positively and Negatively
In recognition of National Childhood Obesity Awareness Month, I developed and facilitated a community-based "Lunch and Learn" session. I provide background information, statistics and informational resources pertaining to the obesity epidemic. Additionally, I provided nutrition and fitness related strategies to foster a healthy lifestyle.
The Harmful Link Between the Food and Pharmaceutical Industry in Australia.pdfFeba Joseph
This presentation explores the intricate and often harmful relationship between the food and pharmaceutical industries in Australia and its impact on public health. It details the key players, market dynamics, and the influence of the food industry on consumer choices and health. and discusses how the practices of these industries contribute to chronic diseases and overall public health issues, focusing on diet-related illnesses and medication overreliance. It offers actionable steps for policy changes, community engagement, personal responsibility, and corporate accountability to address the issues. Additionally, Presents examples of successful public health initiatives, and corporate social responsibility programs.
Reported measles cases for the period November 2020—October 2021 (data as of 02 December 2021).A monthly summary of the epidemiological data on selected vaccine-preventable diseases in the WHO European Region
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stockrebeccabio
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stock
Telegram: bmksupplier
signal: +85264872720
threema: TUD4A6YC
You can contact me on Telegram or Threema
Communicate promptly and reply
Free of customs clearance, Double Clearance 100% pass delivery to USA, Canada, Spain, Germany, Netherland, Poland, Italy, Sweden, UK, Czech Republic, Australia, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan.Door to door service
Hot Selling Organic intermediates
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
A "Whole of Government" approach to promoting short and long term well-being in the European Region
1. A "Whole of Government"
approach to promoting short and
long term well-being in the
European Region
Philip James MD, DSc, FRCP
London School of Hygiene and Tropical
Medicine, International Association for the Study
of Obesity
2. Health's contribution to improved prosperity
in the past 50 years: a missed opportunity in
Central Europe and Central Asia
Health's contribution
to full income growth
% 50
40
30
20
10
Europe+
C. Asia
SEARO WPRO
EMRO
AFRO
Lat Am+
Caribb.
Smith et al
World Bank
June 2013.
3. EU 15
Europe+
Central Asia
South Asia
Latin America+
Caribbean
Middle East +
North Africa
Central Europe and Central Asia (WHO EURO) is the
region with the slowest improvement in life expectancy
since 1960 of all the WHO regions in the world.
Smith et al. Improving health
service outcomes in Europe
and Central Asia.
World Bank June 2013.
80
70
60
50
40
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
4. -2 0 2 4 6 8 10
Smoking
High blood pressure
Overweight & obesity
High cholesterol
Alcohol use
Physical inactivity
Low fruit & veg. intake
Illicit drug use
Unsafe sex
Iron deficiency anemia
Attributable disease burden (% regional DALYs; total 149 million)
The top risk factors underlying the disease burden
of high income countries (all preventable)
WHO / World Bank.
Global Burden of Disease.
Lopez et al., 2006.
Primary
dietary cause
5. Classic problems of nutritional deficiency
persist: Lancet July 2013
• Anaemia - a neglected issue affecting
Children 11% affluent; 26% Central/Eastern Europe
Women 16% affluent; 22% Central/Eastern Europe
• Exclusive breast feeding limited and needs ignored:major
public health issue in Western & Central Europe: need to replicate
Scandinavia and transform societal approach
• Childhood stunting still affects 20-30% in some rural areas of EURO
• Pregnancy - the forgotten public health issue:
15% small for dates babies in Caucasus/Central Asia+ Asian
immigrants: babies programmed for abdominal obesity + diabetes
Overweight girls/women: gestational diabetes+ big babies: programmed
obesity and diabetes. Optimum birth weight range!
6. Crucial nutritional effects do not just affect the
first 1,000 days of life: sensitive organs mature
at different rates
Muscle, bo
ne &gut
Reproductive
organs
Lymphatic
immune
system
Liver, kidney, hear
t, lung.
Brain: follows internal organ
changes in size but major
structural and functional
changes before full
maturation at age 20+.
Adolescent brain highly
susceptible to emotional
cues
Prentice et al. Critical windows for
nutritional interventions against stunting
Am J Clin. Nut. 2013;97: 911-918
For brain changes see::
Dosenbach et al . Prediction of
individual brain maturity using fMRI.
Science 2010;329: 1358-1361
7. Marked changes in societal practices needed :
eliminate smoking, limit markedly alcohol intake &
transform dietary and inactivity patterns
FIBRE-RICH
Vegetables &
Fruit
Increase fatty
acids from fish
&n-3 vegetable
sources
Exclusive
Breast Feeding
for 6 months
Modest animal
protein intake
Saturated
Fats
TOTAL FAT
Trans fat
Sugars &
Refined
starches
Salt Iodine+
8. Why do we not eat optimally - is it a matter of
education? The current obesity dilemma
Obesity is a normal "passive" biological
response to our changed physical and
food environment
Some children/adults are more
susceptible for genetic, social and
economic reasons
Overwhelming environmental
impact reflects outcome of normal
industrial development
"Obesity reflects failure of the
free market"
UK Government report Oct. 2007
Provided on a non - political basis by the Chief Scientist
9. 25 years
65 years
GeneralPop.
Decrease in obesity rates in 25 and 65 year olds + general population
induced by different government policies. OECD 2010. Note insignificance
of approaches using media on its own
Media
Work-site
Schools Drs + Dietetic
Fiscal
Food
Labelling
Food
Advertising
Regulated
Voluntary
10. The cost-effectiveness of policies: individual education for
behavioural change for a whole population is very expensive and
often ineffective. Legislative/regulatory measures usually much more
effective and less costly.
11. The keys to success in the food business and in
obesity and chronic disease (NCDs) prevention
• Price
• Availability
• Marketing
12. Margaret Chan, DG WHO.
WHO 8th Global Health Promotion Conference
June 10th 2013
• "..it is not just Big Tobacco anymore. Public health
must also contend with Big Food, Big Soda and
Big Alcohol. All of these industries fear
regulation, and protect themselves by using the
same tactics.
• Research has documented these tactics well.
They include front groups, lobbies, promises of
self-regulation, lawsuits, and industry funded
research that confuses the evidence and keeps
the public in doubt.
13. Margaret Chan, DG WHO.
WHO 8th Global Health Promotion Conference
June 10th 2013
• Tactics also include gifts, grants and
contributions to worthy causes that cast
these industries as respectable corporate
citizens in the eyes of politicians and the
public. They include arguments that place the
responsibility for harm to health on
individuals, and portray government actions
as interference in personal liberties and free
choice.
14. PACO III Latin American & Caribbean
Ministerial Conference on childhood obesity 6th
- 8thJune 2013
Ministers of Health's primary role is to act as leaders and ambassadors
for change in other government departments e.g.
a) Education - changing curriculum and total food + drink sources in all
educational facilities
b) Transport: structural changes promoting walking/cycling + public transport
& minimizing car use
c) Finance: Taxation of unsuitable foods/drinks; financial incentives for
behavioural change allowing for regressive effects on disadvantaged;
Planning for progressive help to local farming/food provision + activity
industries
d) Business : promote good food and activity: import /export health criteria +
supermarket changes
e) Agriculture &Food: Link local industries to government supported
catering.
15. Food tax developments
Trans fats: Denmark bans in 2003 . Now also Austria&Switzerland.
New 2013 analyses: legislation is the most cost effective
intervention not voluntary measures.
Sugar : Finland introduced taxes on sugared products such as
soft drinks , ice cream and confectionary by EUR 0.75 per kilo
product. Also Denmark.
France introduces a 7 cent/litre tax on all soft drinks
HFSS: Sept. 1, 2011. Hungary: a 10 forint (€ 0.37) tax on foods with
high fat, sugar and salt content; also increased taxes on soft
drinks and alcohol
Saturated fat. Denmarkintroduces small selective tax for 15
months: clear reduction in intake - see separate presentation
16. Early success of major French Parliamentary initiatives in
changing school foods, limiting marketing of foods high in
fats, sugar and salt and new taxes on soft drinks; now a new
National Nutrition and Health Programme 2011 - 2015
2005
1. Vending machines banned in schools;
quality of all foods served improved
2. All national advertising of foods and
drinks must carry a health
message, with the penalty of being
subject to an earmarked tax
December 2011
3. Tax of 7 cents/ litre on all soft drinks
4. Food quality in schools controlled by
law
Repeated national surveys:
Overweight &obesity rates in
7-9 year old children
(IOTF criteria)
Fall of ≈ 15% from 1998-2007
Government initiatives Results
1 Actual price increase =7cents/l
2. Sales fall by 4%
3. Population accepts especially if
some tax transferred for health care
4.Tax income 280 M€ in 2012
17. Profitable government opportunities for adults and children based on
evidence from Chile, Denmark, France, Finland, Netherlands & Sweden
relating to cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity prevention.
1. Control foods+ drinks available in schools, hospitals, all government supported
institutions - thisinduces major driver in the free market food chain
2. Develop local farming consortia to provide school meals etc. as educational +
financially rewarding strategy (a major opportunity for Europe)
3. Promote inclusion of vegetables/salad bar in main mealat no extra cost
4. Ban trans fat productionin country
5. Define progressively lower food salt content ; no salt on tables as a default measure
6. Regulate lower cost for half and skimmed milk, butter and margarine sales
7. Tax price sensitive items: sugar, - fat (especially saturated fats) on a commodity not a
retail basis
8. Ban all marketing of food and drink to all children including adolescents
9. Control fast food outlet density as well as alcohol and tobacco sales in city centres
18. Conclusions
• The burden of diseases from inappropriate diets and physical inactivity in
the WHO EURO region is exceptionally high
• Slow progress in reducing the premature mortality and disease burden in
many countries in the region.
• Anaemia and poor pre-pregnancy and maternal nutrition are neglected
issues; low birth weight and stunting persists: EURO is also the region
with the lowest natural dietary iodine supply.
• High priorities in nutrition: Reduce substantially intakes of total fat, trans
fat, saturated fat, sugar, salt. Iodize salt and ensure folate + iron for
anaemia. All are explicit, newly reinforced, WHO recommendations.
• Legislation, regulatory, fiscal policies are far more effective than media
campaigns; establishing a healthy foods exclusive policy in all
government supported institutions transforms the food chain and health.