Points of presentation: 1. What is Imperialism? 2. A Structural Theory of Imperialism. 3. Galtung’s five types of imperialism. 4. What is Culture? 5. Role of media in cultural imperialism. 6. Cultural Imperialism in Pakistan and it’s effects.

1. CULTURAL IMPERIALISM
AND IT’S EFFECTS IN
PAKISTAN.
BY:
MUHAMMAD ADIL LATIF.
359-FSS/MSMC/F17
MS (III) IN MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION STUDIES,
INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD.

3. POINTS OF PRESENTATION.
• What is Imperialism?
• A Structural Theory of Imperialism.
• Galtung’s five types of imperialism.
• What is Culture?
• Role of media in cultural imperialism.
• Cultural Imperialism in Pakistan and it’s effects.

4. WHAT IS IMPERIALISM?
• Imperialism is a word derived from the Latin word "imperium", meaning to rule
over. (Sridhar, 2015)
• As a political term A. G. L. SHAW (1961) stated that “The policy of extending the
rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring
and holding colonies and dependencies.” (SHAW, 1961)

5. SHORT HISTORY OF COLONIALISM SINCE:
• (Brilliant Maps, 2016)

6. A STRUCTURAL
THEORY OF
IMPERIALISM
• (Galtung, 1971)

7. GALTUNG’S FIVE TYPES OF IMPERIALISM.
• According to Galtung’s Structural Theory of Imperialism there are
five types of imperialism. (Galtung, 1971 p.91)
• Economic
• Political
• Military
• Communication
• Cultural

8. CON…

9. ROLE OF MEDIA IN CULTURAL IMPERIALISM.
• Barrett (1977) defined media imperialism as “the process
whereby the ownership, structure, distribution or content
of the media in any country are singly or together
subject to substantial external pressures from the media
interests of any other country or countries without
proportionate reciprocation of influence by the country
so affected.”

10. • In 1973 the non-aligned summit at
Algiers stated, ”It is an established
fact that the activity of imperialism is
not limited to the political and
economic domains, but cultural areas
as well, imposing there by a foreign
ideological domination on the people
of the developing world.

11. • Schiller (1976) interpreted that western civilization
produce the majority of the media (film, comics etc)
because they have they money to do so. The rest of the
world purchases those productions because it is cheaper
for them to do so rather than produce their own.

12. CULTURAL IMPERIALISM IN PAKISTANI MEDIA
(CONTENT).
• Channel of influence that, flows from Hollywood to
Bollywood and then to our Pakistani media.
• Pakistani drama industry is losing its cultural identity for
which it was renowned in the past by imitating the Indian
media and its format of show-off, romanticism & taboo
themes. (Juni, 2014)

13. CON…
• Our media is imitating and promoting foreign fashions &
styles as our dresses, trends, life style & way of speaking
are evident of the fact that the growing influence of the
foreign fashion industry is corrupting our media as well as
culture and society. (Juni, 2014)

14. CULTURAL IMPERIALISM IN PAKISTANI MEDIA
(POLICY).
• Pakistani independent channels are broadcasting foreign
film festivals & shows and are following their footsteps by
arranging such shows on their own media channels.
(Muhammad Ashraf Khan, 2015)

15. REFERENCES

16. REFERENCES
• Galtung, J. (1971). A Structural Theory of Imperialism. Journal of Peace Research,
81-117.