Cubital Fossa.pdf
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The cubital fossa is the triangular depression located on the anterior aspect of the elbow. It contains the brachial artery, median cubital vein, and structures that allow for anastomoses around the elbow joint. The document provides an anatomical overview of the cubital fossa and its contents.
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ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF UPPER LIMBThe arterial supply to the .docx
ARTERIAL SUPPLY
OF UPPER LIMB
The arterial supply to the upper limb begins in the chest as the subclavian artery. The right subclavian artery arises from the brachiocephalic trunk, while the left subclavian branches directly off the arch of aorta.
When the subclavian arteries cross the lateral edge of the 1st rib, they enter the axilla, and are called axillary arteries.
IN THE AXILLA
The axillary artery passes through the axilla, just underneath the pectoralis minor muscle, enclosed in the axillary sheath.
At the level of the humeral surgical neck, the posterior and anterior circumflex humeral arteries arise. They circle posteriorly around the humerus to supply the shoulder region. The largest branch of the axillary artery also arises here – the subscapular artery.
The axillary artery becomes the brachial artery at the level of the teres major muscle.
Anteriorly
(i) Skin.
(ii) Superficial fascia
(iii) Deep fascia.
(iv) Clavicular part of the pectoralis major.
(v) Clavipectoral fascia with cephalic vein, lateral pectoral nerve, and thoracoacromial vessels.
Posteriorly
(i) First intercostal space with the external intercostal muscle.
(ii) First and second digitations of the serratus anterior with the nerve to serratus anterior.
(iii) Medial cord of brachial plexus with its medial pectoral
branch
laterally
Lateral and posterior cords of the brachial plexus.
Medially
Axillary vein
The first part of the axillary artery is enclosed (together with the brachial plexus) in the axillary sheath, derived from the prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia.
Anteriorly
(i) Skin.
(ii) Superficial fascia.
(iii) Deep fascia.
(iv) Pectoralis major.
(v) Pectoralis minor
Posteriorly
(i) Posterior cord of brachial plexus.
(ii) subscapularis
Medially
(i) Medial cord of brachial plexus,
(ii) Medial pectoral nerve,
(iii) Axillary vein.
Laterally
Lateral cord of brachial plexus.
Anteriorly
(i) Skin.
(ii) Superficial fascia,
(iii) Deep fascia.
(iv) In the upper part there are the pectoralis major and medial root of the median nerve.
Posteriorly
(i) Radial nerve.
(ii) Axillary nerve in the upper part,
(iii) Subscapularis in the upper part,
(iv) Tendons of the latissimus dorsi and the teres major in the lower part.
Laterally
Coracobrachialis.
Musculocutaneous nerve in the upper part,
Lateral root of median nerve in the upper part,
Trunk of median nerve in the lower part.
Medially
(i) Axillary vein,
(ii) Medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm and ulnar nerve
(iii) Medial cutaneous nerve of arm
1st part:
Superior Thoracic artery
2nd part:
Acromiothoracic artery
Lateral Thoracic artery
3rd part:
Subscapular artery
Ant circumflex humeral artery
Post circumflex humeral artery
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: AXILLARY ARTERY ANEURYSM
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This document contains slide titles and numbers for a presentation on anatomy related to the arm, cubital fossa, and elbow joint. It covers topics like osteology of the elbow complex, muscles of the arm, the brachial artery, median and ulnar nerves, and common injuries like fractures and nerve lesions. The document provides an outline of the content to be reviewed in the presentation.
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2) During an attempted blood draw from the median cubital vein, the technician noticed bright red blood indicating a puncture of the brachial artery, which lies deep to the median cubital vein and is separated by the bicipital aponeurosis fascia.
3) On a second attempt slightly medial, the patient felt sharp pain radiating to the lateral three digits, suggesting injury to the median nerve, which also lies deep in this region.
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The document discusses phlebotomy-related vascular anatomy. It describes the major veins in the antecubital fossa that are commonly used for venipuncture, including the median cubital vein, cephalic vein, and basilic vein. The median cubital vein is the preferred site as it is typically the largest, closest to the surface, best anchored, and least likely to cause bruising or pain. Alternative sites include the dorsal hand veins and median antebrachial vein in the forearm, though these are smaller and less preferable. The legs, feet and femoral vein should generally not be used without physician approval due to risks of complications. Proper site selection considers vein size, stability, and avoidance of
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ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF UPPER LIMBThe arterial supply to the .docx
ARTERIAL SUPPLY
OF UPPER LIMB
The arterial supply to the upper limb begins in the chest as the subclavian artery. The right subclavian artery arises from the brachiocephalic trunk, while the left subclavian branches directly off the arch of aorta.
When the subclavian arteries cross the lateral edge of the 1st rib, they enter the axilla, and are called axillary arteries.
IN THE AXILLA
The axillary artery passes through the axilla, just underneath the pectoralis minor muscle, enclosed in the axillary sheath.
At the level of the humeral surgical neck, the posterior and anterior circumflex humeral arteries arise. They circle posteriorly around the humerus to supply the shoulder region. The largest branch of the axillary artery also arises here – the subscapular artery.
The axillary artery becomes the brachial artery at the level of the teres major muscle.
Anteriorly
(i) Skin.
(ii) Superficial fascia
(iii) Deep fascia.
(iv) Clavicular part of the pectoralis major.
(v) Clavipectoral fascia with cephalic vein, lateral pectoral nerve, and thoracoacromial vessels.
Posteriorly
(i) First intercostal space with the external intercostal muscle.
(ii) First and second digitations of the serratus anterior with the nerve to serratus anterior.
(iii) Medial cord of brachial plexus with its medial pectoral
branch
laterally
Lateral and posterior cords of the brachial plexus.
Medially
Axillary vein
The first part of the axillary artery is enclosed (together with the brachial plexus) in the axillary sheath, derived from the prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia.
Anteriorly
(i) Skin.
(ii) Superficial fascia.
(iii) Deep fascia.
(iv) Pectoralis major.
(v) Pectoralis minor
Posteriorly
(i) Posterior cord of brachial plexus.
(ii) subscapularis
Medially
(i) Medial cord of brachial plexus,
(ii) Medial pectoral nerve,
(iii) Axillary vein.
Laterally
Lateral cord of brachial plexus.
Anteriorly
(i) Skin.
(ii) Superficial fascia,
(iii) Deep fascia.
(iv) In the upper part there are the pectoralis major and medial root of the median nerve.
Posteriorly
(i) Radial nerve.
(ii) Axillary nerve in the upper part,
(iii) Subscapularis in the upper part,
(iv) Tendons of the latissimus dorsi and the teres major in the lower part.
Laterally
Coracobrachialis.
Musculocutaneous nerve in the upper part,
Lateral root of median nerve in the upper part,
Trunk of median nerve in the lower part.
Medially
(i) Axillary vein,
(ii) Medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm and ulnar nerve
(iii) Medial cutaneous nerve of arm
1st part:
Superior Thoracic artery
2nd part:
Acromiothoracic artery
Lateral Thoracic artery
3rd part:
Subscapular artery
Ant circumflex humeral artery
Post circumflex humeral artery
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- 1. CUBITAL FOSSA... PEOPLES COLLEGE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH CENTRE, BHOPAL. BY: ADITYA AHIRWAR (MBBS 2021) AKASH CHAKOTIYA (MBBS 2021)
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