2. FOUNDATION
• To distribute the total load coming on the
structure on a larger area.
• To reduce the load intensity
• To support the structure
• To give enough stability to the structure
against various forces (wind and rain)
• To prepare a level surface for concreting and
masonry work.
• For the Lateral Stability
3. SUITABILITY ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES COST
STRIP
FOUNDATION
(Monolithic/
Prefabricated)
-for homes with concrete,
stone, brick wall (with
density higher than 1000-
1300kg)
-simple design
-no need expensive tools
- long term
-up to 4 storey
-low durability
-high cost in final stage
High cost in final stage of
construction (filling soil
between strips and
leveling) and time
consuming
TRENCH
FOUNDATION
(SHALLOW)
-dependant on soil
condition (not sensitive
clay i.e not highly
shrinkable)
-more economic
-saves more time (speed
construction)
-depends on soil condition Cheaper than Strip
foundation / time saving
PAD/ISOLATED
FOUNDATION
(SHALLOW)
- Depending on the nature
of the structure, the loads
imposed, and the space
available at site
-less excavation
(if its sufficient at low
depth)
-less concrete
-usually used to reinforced
and prevent settlement
and movements of
structures
-not effective against
differential settlement
--uplift force
-wind force
Similar or slightly cheaper
than strip foundation.
RAFT
FOUNDATION
(SHALLOW)
-Soft natural ground /
mining area
-serves to avoid
differential settlement
-is spread over a large
area that leads to less
stress of the foundation
soil
-very costly
-time consuming
Expensive / time
consuming
PILE
FOUNDATION
(end-
bearing/friction)
-used for large structures
and in situations where
the soil is not suitable to
prevent excessive
settlement
-Can support high
rise/superstructure
building
-special tool needed for
handling and
transportation
-cannot increase the
length of the pile if
needed
-
Very expensive /
