1. Scaling Out Integrated and Multi- sectoral Eco-regional
Approach in BER-phase II Programme
Climate Smart Agriculture Approach
By Berhanu Seboka
Email: injifanob@gmail.com
August,2022
Bale,Robe
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4. What action can we can do on climate
change?
Climate change mitigation
Actions to limit global warming and its related effects.
Reduction of Green house Emission Gas
Climate change adaptation
To reduce the negative impacts of this change and to take
advantage of new opportunities
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5. What is meant by climate smart agriculture?
Is an integrated approach to managing landscapes that
address the interlinked challenges of food security and
climate change.
Is an approach to transform and reorient agricultural
systems to effectively and sustainably support development
and food security under climate change
Is a path way to words development and food security
improvement.
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6. Pillars of CSA
There are three pillars of CSA :-
Productivity aims to sustainable increment of agricultural
productivity.
Adaptation: is to reduce a short term risks and strength the
resilience
Mitigation CSA should helps to reduce or remove the
GHG emission (livestock-related & crop related)
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7. Characteristics of CSA
CSA address the climatic change
CSA integrates the multiple goals such as increasing the
productivity, enhance resilience and reduce emission.
CSA maintain ecosystem service including clean air, water,
food and materials.
Has multiple entry point i.e. set of practice & technology
ranging from dev’t of technology and elaborate climate change
models
CSA is context specific since it was applied on the area context
Engages women and marginalized groups. To attain food
security goals it involves the poorest and vulnerable group of
community.
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8. Importance of CSA
Sustain the health of the land & increase productivity.
Does not pollute, degrade land or loss of forests and
biodiversity (environmental Eco-friend)
Delivers food, fibre, fuel income increment, nutrition,
carbon sequestration & reduce GHG emissions.
It will strengthen climate resilience across all
dimensions of food security,
It will promote precision agriculture,
Improved extension services on CSA practices, and a pilot
initiative to promote agro-ecology to improve climate
resilience,
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9. ‘CSA’ vs conventional Agriculture
features CA CSA
Technologies
Consumption of energy sources from human to
animal and fossil fuel dependent machinery.
Use of energy efficient technologies
for agricultural power (irrigation or
tillage).
Agricultural input
Increased use of fertilizer, pesticides and herbicides
(also highly dependent on fossil fuels) generally
very inefficiently applied.
Increased efficiency of fertilizer
and wider use of organic fertilizer.
Land areas
Expansion of agricultural land area through
deforestation and conversion from grasslands to
cropland.
Intensification on existing land
areas as main source of production
increase rather than expansion to
new areas.
Natural resources
Depletion of natural resources (e.g. land, water,
genetic resources) used in the production systems.
Restoration, conservation and
sustainable use of natural resources
in agricultural production systems.
Production &
marketing
Increased specialization in agricultural production
and marketing systems.
Greater diversification in
production, input and output
marketing systems. 9
10. Some CSA practice identified by FA
Cropping system
&management
Livestock
management
Soil and water
management
Agroforestry Integrated food
energy systems
Intercropping
with legumes
Crop rotations
New crop
varieties
Improved storage
and processing
techniques
crop diversity
Improved feeding
strategies
Rotational
grazing
Fodder crops
Grassland
restoration and
conservation
Manure treatment
Improved
livestock health
Animal
husbandry
Breed
improvement
Conservation
agriculture
Contour planting
Terraces and
bunds
Planting pits
Water storage
Alternate wetting
and drying (rice)
Check Dams,
pits, ridges
Improved
irrigation system
(drip)
Boundary trees
and hedgerows
Nitrogen-fixing
trees on farms
Multipurpose
trees
Improved fallow
Woodlots
Fruit orchards
Biogas
Production of
energy plants
Improved stoves
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11. Conti…
Identify the livelihood resources (farmlands, crop, shoats, chickens, feed, dairy cows,
working animals, irrigated land, communal grazing land, human labour, water for
animals etc.)
Identification of problems affecting the community (weather-related and other problems)
and existing strategies for managing them;
– shortage of water and food for human and animal
– Shortage of rain
– Long Drought spell
– Soil erosion (water and wind )
– Crop failure and less production
– Extreme cold and hot weather condition
– Reduce access to forest resources (deforestation )
– New type of weed infestation
– Frequently out break of disease (human, crop and animal )
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12. Conti..
prioritize major resources the MOST important for their well-being
using pair-wise ranking matrix. This can be done on the ground,
using idea cards or on flip chart paper.
Identify major crops And
livestock development activities
Analyse the impact of problems on priority livelihood resources.
Identify how people are responding to the problems they face.
Identify responsive CSA practices to impact of climate change
problems based on the vulnerability analysis result.
Recommend context specific CSA practices.
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13. Conti…
FAAppling CSA activities in all intervention
woredas like:-
Watershed management (physical and Biological)
Providing short growing varieties of cereal and
pulse crops,
Livestock breed improvement, and healthy
service
Agroforestry practice,
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21. Lesson learned
• Integration with stalk holders provides more
opportunities for success of CSA,
• Specifying Agro ecology brings sustainability of
CSA,
• Multi dimensional thinking on the existing
opportunities (Production of community seed multiplication )
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