Critical thinking is the ability to think clearly and rationally about what to believe or do. It involves systematically gathering and evaluating information to make well-reasoned decisions. Critical thinking is important for problem solving, creativity, self-reflection, science, and democracy. While everyone thinks, critical thinking must be cultivated through skills like open-mindedness, questioning assumptions, and considering different perspectives. Reports find critical thinking to be among the most important and future-relevant skills for the workplace.

1. Critical Thinking
Livinus Enoja
Emmanuel Edwards
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2. Thinking is the activity of using your
mind to consider something.
It also means someone’s idea or opinions
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critical thinking
What is Thinking?

3. • Critical Thinking
• Economic thinking
• Scientific thinking
• Mathematical thinking
• Historical Thinking
• Moral Thinking
• Philosophical thinking
• Anthropological
Thinking
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critical thinking
Modes of Thinking

4. In recent study, Critical Thinking was
identified as one of the most important skill sets
required for job success, and that has been lacking
in the new work force today.
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critical thinking
Why critical thinking?
Everyone thinks; it is our nature to do so.
The quality of our life and that of what we produce, make, or build
depends precisely on the quality of our thought. Shoddy thinking is
costly, both in money and in quality of life. Excellence in thought,
however, must be systematically cultivated.

5. What is Critical thinking?
• Critical Thinking is a reasonable reflective
thinking focused on deciding what to believe or
do.
• Critical Thinking is best understood as the ability
of thinkers to take charge of their own thinking.
• Critical thinking is the ability to think clearly and
rationally, understanding the logical connection
between ideas
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critical thinking

6. Analogy
Think of what you do when you go to buy a
Shirt in a shop. You explore all available
Information concerning the shirt to enable you
make a good decision; whether to buy or not.
This is critical thinking.
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critical thinking

7. Like most skills, critical
thinking can be developed and
improved
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critical thinking
Critical thinking is not a matter of accumulating information. A
person with a good memory and who knows a lot of facts is
not necessarily good at critical thinking. A critical thinker is
able to deduce consequences from what he knows, and he
knows how to make use of information to solve problems, and
to seek relevant sources of information to inform himself.
Facts

8. Importance of Critical thinking
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critical thinking
#1
Critical thinking is a domain-general
thinking skill.
The ability to think clearly and rationally is
important in whatever we choose to do. It
improves our problem solving capability Being
able to think well and solve problems is an asset
in any career.

9. Importance of Critical thinking
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critical thinking
#2
Critical thinking promotes creativity
To come up with a creative solution to a
problem involves not just having new ideas. It
must also be the case that the new ideas are
relevant and useful to the task at hand.
Critical thinking plays a crucial role in evaluating
new ideas, selecting the best ones and
modifying them if necessary

10. Importance of Critical thinking
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#3
Critical thinking is crucial for
self-reflection.
In order to live a meaningful life and structure
our lives accordingly, we need to justify and
reflect on our values and decisions. Critical
thinking provides the tools for this process of
self-evaluation.

11. Importance of Critical thinking
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#4
Critical thinking is the foundation
of science and democracy
Science requires the critical use of reason in
experimentation and theory confirmation. The
proper functioning of a liberal democracy
requires citizens who can think critically about
social issues to inform their judgments about
proper governance and to overcome biases and
Prejudice..

12. Importance of Critical thinking
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#5
Critical thinking enhances language
and presentation skills
Thinking clearly and systematically can improve
the way we express our ideas. In learning how to
analyse the logical structure of texts, critical
thinking also improves comprehension abilities.

13. The Process of Critical Thinking
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critical thinking
Critical
thinking
Inform
& Describe
Negotiate
& Cooperate
Test
& revise
Integrate
& Apply
Discover
&Explore

14. The Process of Critical Thinking
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#1
Inform and Describe
Clarify what you need to know
Clarify what you know
Clarify the information you have about the issue

15. The Process of Critical Thinking
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#2
Discover and Explore
• Look at your Issue more closely.
• Start to be more directed and
purposeful in seeking more
information.

16. The Process of Critical Thinking
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#3
Negotiate and corporate
• Consider different perspectives.
• Engage in discussion

17. The Process of Critical Thinking
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#4
Test and Revise
• Weigh the evidence
• Test out different ideas

18. The Process of Critical Thinking
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#5
Integrate and Apply
• Bring together all ideas
• Consolidate and articulate new
understandings

19. How to improve your critical thinking
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critical thinking
#1
• Seek out ideas - old and new
• Take action; dare to be different!
• Be open minded and flexible
• Apply ideas to every facet of your life; always
ask “how can this be done better?”

20. How to improve your critical thinking
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#2
• Study innovation, change and creativity.
• Be curious and observant; keep asking,
“why?”
• Ask good questions; constantly reflect on
each aspect of who, what, where, when, why,
how, if , etc.

21. How to improve your critical thinking
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#3
• Develop your reflective thinking skills by
daydreaming about situation and jump
between logical, imaginative, and wild
thinking
• Build your knowledge and intuition base by
learning how to research and visualize
• Use triggers; find the time and place that
helps you think best.

22. Features of a Good Critical Thinkers
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critical thinking
• Focus on the most relevant information
• Ask the right questions
• Separate facts from opinions and
assumptions.
• Make sound decisions.
• Set priorities
• Learn quickly
• Apply what they learn to new situation.

23. The Future of Critical Thinking
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critical thinking
In January 2016, the World Economic Forum issued a report
"The Future of Jobs". It says:
The Fourth Industrial Revolution, which includes developments in
previously disjointed fields such as artificial intelligence and machine-
learning, robotics, nanotechnology, 3-D printing, and genetics and
biotechnology, will cause widespread disruption not only to business
models but also to labor markets over the next five years, with
enormous change predicted in the skill sets needed to thrive in the new
landscape.

24. The Future of Critical Thinking
Top 10 skills
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critical thinking
1. Complex Problem Solving
2. Critical Thinking
3. Creativity
4. People Management
5. Coordinating with Others
6. Emotional Intelligence
7. Judgement and Decision Making
8. Service orientation
9. Negotiation
10. Cognitive Flexibility
1. Complex Problem Solving
2. Coordinating with Others
3. People Management
4. Critical Thinking
5. Negotiation
6. Quality Control
7. Service orientation
8. Judgement and Decision Making
9. Active Listening
10. Creativity
2020 2015

25. The Future of Critical Thinking
Continued…
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It can be deduced from the World Economic Forum’s
report, that the top three skills that supposed to be most
relevant are thinking skills related to critical thinking,
creativity, and their practical application

26. Conclusion
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critical thinking
•Critical thinking is aimed at achieving the best possible outcomes in
any situation. In order to achieve this it must involve gathering and
evaluating information from as many different sources possible.
•Implementing the decisions made arising from critical thinking must
take into account an assessment of possible outcomes and ways of
avoiding potentially negative outcomes, or at least lessening their
impact.

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Question and Answers

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critical thinking
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