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Cpr and anaphylaxis neca
- 1. Basic Life Support & Anaphylaxis NECA Training Training
- 2. OBJECTIVES • At the end of this course participants should be able to demonstrate: – How to assess the collapsed victim. – How to place an unconscious breathing victim in the recovery position. NECA Training – How to perform chest compression and rescue breathing. – What is Anaphylaxis – What causes Anaphylaxis – How to recognise and treat Anaphylaxis
- 3. BACKGROUND • Approximately 700,000 cardiac arrests per year in Europe • Survival to hospital discharge presently approximately 5-10% • Bystander CPR vital intervention before arrival of emergency services NECA Training • Early resuscitation and prompt defibrillation (within 1-2 minutes) can result in >60% survival
- 4. CHAIN OF SURVIVAL NECATraining
- 5. Danger Response .Shout for help Airway Breathing NECA Training Call 999 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths
- 6. APPROACH SAFELY! Danger Scene Response .Shout for help Rescuer Airway Bystanders Breathing NECA Training Call 999 Victim 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths
- 7. CHECK RESPONSE Danger Response .Shout for help Airway Breathing NECA Training Call 999 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths
- 8. CHECK RESPONSE Shake shoulders gently Ask “Are you all right?” If they responds • Leave as you find. NECA Training • Find out what is wrong. • Reassess regularly.
- 9. SHOUT FOR HELP Danger Response .Shout for help Airway Breathing NECA Training Call 999 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths
- 10. OPEN AIRWAY Danger Response .Shout for help Airway Breathing NECA Training Call 999 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths
- 11. OPEN AIRWAY • Ensure nothing is over or inside the mouth • Hand on forehead NECA Training and 2 fingers on chin to tilt head back
- 12. CHECK BREATHING Danger Response .Shout for help Airway Breathing NECA Training Call 999 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths
- 13. CHECK BREATHING • Look, listen and feel for NORMAL breathing 10 seconds • Do not confuse NECA Training agonal breathing with NORMAL breathing
- 14. YES -BREATHING IF BREATHE NORMALLY PLACE IN RECOVERY POSITION NECA Training
- 15.
- 16. NOT BREATHING If NOT Breathing or Agonal Breathing • Occurs shortly after the heart stops in up to 40% of cardiac arrests • Described as barely, heavy, noisy or NECA Training gasping breathing • Recognise as a sign of cardiac arrest
- 17. Danger Response .Shout for help Airway Breathing NECA Training Call 999 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths
- 18. 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS Danger Response .Shout for help Airway Breathing NECA Training Call 999 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths
- 19. CHEST COMPRESSIONS • Place the heel of one hand in the centre of the chest • Place other hand on top • Interlock fingers • Compress the chest – Rate 100-120 min NECA Training – Depth 5-6cm (2 Inches) – Equal compression : relaxation • When possible change CPR operator every 2 min
- 20. RESCUE BREATHS Danger Response .Shout for help Airway Breathing NECA Training Call 999 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths
- 21. RESCUE BREATHS • Pinch the nose • Tilt casualties head back • Take a normal breath • Place lips over mouth • Blow until the chest rises NECA Training • Take about 1 second • Allow chest to fall • Repeat
- 22.
- 23. CONTINUE CPR NECA Training • Till Ambulance Arrives • You Pass Out • Signs of Movement and Breathing
- 24. Danger Response .Shout for help Airway Breathing NECA Training Call 999 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths
- 25. What is Anaphylaxis? Anaphylaxis is: - A severe, life-threatening, generalized or systemic hypersensitivity reaction Anaphylaxis is characterised by: -Rapidly developing, life threatening, Airway NECA Training and/or Breathing and or Circulation problems - Usually with skin and/or mucosal changes.
- 26. What Causes Anaphylaxis? Stings 47 29 wasp, 4 bee, ? 14 Nuts 10 peanut, 6 walnut, 2 almond, 2 brazil, 1 hazel, 11 mixed or ? 32 Food 5 milk, 2 fish, 2 chickpea, 2 crustacean, 1 banana, 1 snail 13 ? Food 18 5 during meal, 3 milk, 3 nut, 1 each - fish, yeast, sherbet, nectarine, grape, strawberry Antibiotics 27 11 penicillin, 12 cephalosporin, 2 amphotericin, 1 ciprofloxacin, 1 vancomycin Anaesthetic 35 19 suxamethonium, 7 vecuronium, 6 atracurium, 7 at induction drugs NECA Training 6 NSAID, 3 ACEI, 5 gelatins, 2 protamine, 2 vitamin K, Other drugs 15 1 each - etoposide, diamox, pethidine, local anaesthetic, diamorphine, streptokinase Contrast media 11 9 iodinated, 1 technetium, 1 fluorescine Other 4 1 latex, 1 hair dye, 1 hydatid,1 idiopathic Suspected triggers for fatal anaphylactic reactions in the UK between 1992‐2001
- 27. Anaphylactic reaction ishighly likely when following 3 criteria are fulfilled: • Sudden onset and rapid progression of symptoms • Life-threatening Airway and/or Breathing NECA Training and/or Circulation problems • Skin and/or mucosal changes (flushing, hives, blotches).
- 28. RECOGNITION A B C D E- Airway problems •Airway swelling e.g. throat and tongue swelling •Difficulty in breathing and swallowing •Sensation that throat is ‘closing up’ NECA Training •Hoarse voice •Stridor
- 29. RECOGNITION A B C D E- Breathing problems •Shortness of breath •Increased respiratory rate •Wheeze Respiratory arrest •Patient becoming tired •Confusion caused by hypoxia NECA Training •Cyanosis (appears blue) - a late sign •Respiratory arrest.
- 30. RECOGNITION A B C D E- Circulation problems •Signs of shock - pale, clammy •Increased pulse rate (tachycardia) •Low blood pressure (hypotension) NECA Training •Decreased level of consciousness •Cardiac arrest.
- 31. RECOGNITION A B C D E- Disability •Sense of “impending doom •Anxiety, panic •Decreased conscious level caused by airway, breathing or circulation problem. NECA Training
- 32. RECOGNITION A B C D E- Exposure •Skin changes- swelling / Flushing •Present in over 80% of anaphylactic reactions •Skin, mucosal, or both skin and mucosal changes. NECA Training
- 33. NECA Training TREATMENT
- 34. EPI PEN- Auto-Injector •For those with severe reactions and difficult to avoid trigger •Nursing staff only to prescribe NECA Training •Practice regularly with training device