This document discusses behavioral emergencies, including common psychiatric disorders like anxiety, phobias, depression, bipolar disorder, paranoia, schizophrenia, violence, and suicide. It provides assessment techniques for suicidal, violent, and psychotic patients. It describes managing agitated patients through calm communication, restraint if needed, and transporting to an appropriate facility for further evaluation and treatment.
This document outlines the key learning objectives and content covered in Chapter 6 on Introduction to Law. It discusses the meaning and objectives of tort law, defines negligence and distinguishes it from malpractice. It explains the elements necessary to prove negligence, as well as intentional torts like assault, battery, and defamation. The document also covers criminal law, contracts, and the trial process.
This document outlines the components and structure of taking a medical history. It discusses introducing yourself to the patient, obtaining their personal details, and asking open-ended questions about their presenting complaint. It also covers exploring the patient's medical, surgical, drug, and family histories. The document emphasizes active listening skills and tailoring your history based on the individual patient. The goal is to accurately understand the patient's condition in order to inform their management.
Legal issues regularly arise in emergency medicine. Doctors have a duty of care to provide treatment that is in the patient's best interests and of an appropriate standard. Valid consent requires the patient be competent, receive full disclosure of risks/benefits, and freely agree to treatment. Doctors must assess a patient's capacity to consent using functional tests of their understanding. Privacy and confidentiality principles also apply but have exceptions like mandatory reporting. Proper documentation is important to demonstrate reasonable care was provided to avoid negligence claims.
Forensic Psychiatry & Ethics in Psychiatry.pptxDR MUKESH SAH
The document discusses several topics related to forensic psychiatry and medical ethics, including forensic psychiatry, medical malpractice, negligent prescription practices, privilege and confidentiality, high-risk clinical situations, and hospitalization procedures. It provides details on the definition and scope of forensic psychiatry. It also explains the key elements needed to prove medical malpractice and discusses areas where negligent prescription practices could result in malpractice suits.
The Mental Status Examination [MSE], also referred to as Mental State Examination, is an integral and essential skill to develop in a psychiatric evaluation. Conducting an accurate MSE helps elicit signs and symptoms of apparent mental illness and associated risk factor
This document discusses the various medico-legal duties and responsibilities of doctors. It covers obtaining consent, duties in cases of suspected poisoning, criminal abortion, negligence, and postmortem examinations. It also discusses legal issues around medical practice, including civil tort law and medical council regulations. The document provides guidance on protocols for police cases, rape examinations, and forms for medical examinations of victims and accused persons.
Basic principles, interview style, various components and their significance, how to take history of present illness, past history,family and personal history, substance history, premorbid personality
This document discusses behavioral emergencies, including common psychiatric disorders like anxiety, phobias, depression, bipolar disorder, paranoia, schizophrenia, violence, and suicide. It provides assessment techniques for suicidal, violent, and psychotic patients. It describes managing agitated patients through calm communication, restraint if needed, and transporting to an appropriate facility for further evaluation and treatment.
This document outlines the key learning objectives and content covered in Chapter 6 on Introduction to Law. It discusses the meaning and objectives of tort law, defines negligence and distinguishes it from malpractice. It explains the elements necessary to prove negligence, as well as intentional torts like assault, battery, and defamation. The document also covers criminal law, contracts, and the trial process.
This document outlines the components and structure of taking a medical history. It discusses introducing yourself to the patient, obtaining their personal details, and asking open-ended questions about their presenting complaint. It also covers exploring the patient's medical, surgical, drug, and family histories. The document emphasizes active listening skills and tailoring your history based on the individual patient. The goal is to accurately understand the patient's condition in order to inform their management.
Legal issues regularly arise in emergency medicine. Doctors have a duty of care to provide treatment that is in the patient's best interests and of an appropriate standard. Valid consent requires the patient be competent, receive full disclosure of risks/benefits, and freely agree to treatment. Doctors must assess a patient's capacity to consent using functional tests of their understanding. Privacy and confidentiality principles also apply but have exceptions like mandatory reporting. Proper documentation is important to demonstrate reasonable care was provided to avoid negligence claims.
Forensic Psychiatry & Ethics in Psychiatry.pptxDR MUKESH SAH
The document discusses several topics related to forensic psychiatry and medical ethics, including forensic psychiatry, medical malpractice, negligent prescription practices, privilege and confidentiality, high-risk clinical situations, and hospitalization procedures. It provides details on the definition and scope of forensic psychiatry. It also explains the key elements needed to prove medical malpractice and discusses areas where negligent prescription practices could result in malpractice suits.
The Mental Status Examination [MSE], also referred to as Mental State Examination, is an integral and essential skill to develop in a psychiatric evaluation. Conducting an accurate MSE helps elicit signs and symptoms of apparent mental illness and associated risk factor
This document discusses the various medico-legal duties and responsibilities of doctors. It covers obtaining consent, duties in cases of suspected poisoning, criminal abortion, negligence, and postmortem examinations. It also discusses legal issues around medical practice, including civil tort law and medical council regulations. The document provides guidance on protocols for police cases, rape examinations, and forms for medical examinations of victims and accused persons.
Basic principles, interview style, various components and their significance, how to take history of present illness, past history,family and personal history, substance history, premorbid personality
Now-a-days public are expecting Skills, Knowledge as well as Ethical behaviour from Doctors. This PPT gives the 2 basic principles of Bio-ethics in brief & apt form
- Physicians must maintain patient confidentiality but may break it if the patient poses a threat to themselves or others, or if required by law such as with infectious diseases. Efforts should be made to discuss issues with the patient first.
- Informed consent is required to share a patient's medical information with others or to perform medical procedures. Exceptions include emergencies or if the patient lacks capacity.
- Decisions about withholding or withdrawing care should be made based on the patient's wishes if known, or their best interests if not. Surrogate decision makers may be consulted for incompetent patients.
Talk given by Angela Melville, Scientific Director at the IISL, the 15th December 2011. The talk deals with research made on clinical negligence claims and the ethical issues involved in this kind of sensitive research.
Introduction to Physical Diagnosis d.pptxaxmedfare138
The document provides an introduction to physical diagnosis in clinical medicine. It discusses the importance of both the art and science of medicine. The medical art involves skills like interviewing patients, using senses to identify abnormalities, and clinical reasoning. A thorough history is important, including the chief complaint, history of present illness, past medical history, review of systems, and social/family history. The physical exam involves looking, touching, hearing and smelling. Laboratory tests can provide supporting evidence but should not replace clinical assessment. Building rapport with patients and maintaining ethics and confidentiality are also discussed.
History taking in Psychosexual MedicineArpit Koolwal
The document discusses the importance of taking a thorough sexual history from patients. It notes that sexual dysfunction is common, affecting around 30-40% of men and women, and can be an indicator of physical or mental health issues. However, many patients do not discuss sexual problems with their doctors due to embarrassment or other barriers. The document provides guidance on how to take a sensitive sexual history, including ensuring privacy, using patient-centered language, addressing potential biases, and exploring biological, psychological, and relationship factors. It emphasizes creating a comfortable, non-judgmental environment to discuss sexual health issues.
Counseling plays an important role in assisted reproductive technology (ART) by helping patients cope with stress and make difficult decisions. There are three main types of counseling: implication counseling to discuss treatment options and implications; support counseling for emotional support; and therapeutic counseling to develop coping strategies. Counseling should be provided before, during, and after ART to address patients' psychological needs. It is important to obtain valid consent, provide full information on risks and outcomes, and handle adverse events sensitively. Effective counseling can help patients navigate the challenges of infertility treatment.
This document discusses consent in surgical patients, including:
- The history of consent from ancient Greece to modern informed consent laws established after Jerry Canterbury's paralysis from surgery complications.
- Types of consent including implied, expressed, verbal, written, and blanket consent.
- Elements of valid consent including disclosure, comprehension, voluntariness, competence, and agreement.
- Situations where consent is required at our hospital, who can provide consent, and how consent can be withdrawn.
- Special considerations for consent in emergencies, unexpected findings, children, and different cultures.
This document discusses several key legal issues in emergency medicine, including duty of care, consent, competence and capacity, privacy and confidentiality, refusal of treatment, and negligence. It emphasizes the importance of acting in the patient's best interests, obtaining valid consent, properly assessing decision-making capacity, and thorough documentation. Legal concepts are complex, so the focus should be on doing what a reasonable practitioner would do in any given situation.
- Paramedics must understand and follow medical ethics and laws to avoid civil and criminal liability. They are bound by professional ethics to do no harm, act in good faith, and act in the patient's best interest. EMS research presents ethical issues regarding informed consent.
- The legal system includes federal and state laws, with two types of law - civil and criminal. Lawsuits against paramedics usually involve negligence claims. Paramedics are subject to their state's medical practice act and scope of practice. Patient privacy is protected by HIPAA.
- Paramedics must obtain consent, honor patient refusals and autonomy when possible, and understand decision-making capacity, especially for minors. They must
- Paramedics must understand and follow medical ethics and laws to avoid civil and criminal liability. They are bound by professional ethics to do no harm, act in good faith, and act in the patient's best interest. EMS research presents ethical issues regarding informed consent.
- The legal system includes federal and state laws, with two types of law - civil and criminal. Lawsuits against paramedics usually involve negligence claims. Paramedics are subject to their state's medical practice act and scope of practice. Patient privacy is protected by HIPAA.
- Paramedics must obtain consent, honor patient refusals and autonomy when possible, and understand decision-making capacity, especially for minors. They must
This document discusses several key ethical issues in child health nursing including autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, veracity, fidelity, informed consent, assent, disent, advance directives, and confidentiality. It provides definitions and considerations for each topic as they relate to making ethical decisions and providing care to pediatric patients and their families from a variety of cultural backgrounds.
Ethics in healthcare go beyond what is legal and provide moral guidelines to assist in complex decision making. Some examples of ethical issues include deciding who receives organ transplants, discontinuing life support, and how much care to provide uninsured patients. Ethics principles include doing no harm, preserving life, treating all patients equally, respecting patient choices, and maintaining professional standards of care. Patients have rights to considerate care, informed consent, privacy, and participation in advanced directives to refuse treatment.
Principles of communication in Healthcare (AETCOM)Siddhartha Sinha
This document discusses principles of effective communication for doctors. It outlines key elements of communication like the communicator, message, method and recipient. It emphasizes active listening skills like listening to words, voice, demeanor and context. Good communication during consultations requires understanding patients culturally and educationally. Doctors should address patients respectfully, be unhurried, ask open-ended questions and make reassuring gestures. Non-verbal communication like body language also conveys important messages and building rapport through techniques like mimicking can improve understanding. Potential barriers to communication include environmental factors, difficulties with the message or interactions between doctors and patients.
- Doctors called to testify in court must be well prepared with all relevant records and reports and arrive on time.
- In the witness box, doctors should speak clearly and avoid technical terms. They must remain calm, truthful, and impartial.
- Doctors should listen carefully to questions, consider all aspects before answering, and limit responses to the scope of the question without speculation.
How to be an Effective Expert Witness: a guide for forensic psychiatrists and...Andrew Carroll
An evidence-based outline of how to both deliver effective mental health evidence for the courts and sustain your own career as an expert. In this hour-long presentation I draw on my 25 years of experience as a forensic psychiatrist and on relevant literature to summarise the key elements of effective and sustainable forensic practice.
The document outlines the SPIKES protocol for delivering bad medical news to patients, which involves preparing information, understanding the patient's perspective, obtaining permission to disclose details, providing knowledge of the medical condition, exploring the patient's emotions, and summarizing next steps. It discusses examples of conditions considered bad news and benefits of skillfully breaking news. The document also considers cultural factors relevant to applying this protocol in Sri Lanka.
Legal and ethical issues in critical care nursingNursing Path
This document discusses several key ethical and legal issues faced by critical care nurses, including informed consent, use of restraints, end-of-life decisions around life-sustaining treatment, organ donation, and resolving ethical problems. It outlines important ethical principles like autonomy, beneficence, and justice. It also addresses issues like medico-legal cases, documentation, and the most concerning ethical issues reported by nurses.
The document discusses the key pillars of medical ethics including consent, confidentiality, autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. It emphasizes that medical practice requires trust between doctors and patients, and that patients have a right to be informed about treatment options and outcomes. Doctors must seek consent for medical interventions and respect the confidentiality of medical information, except in certain legally mandated cases. The autonomy of the patient to make their own medical decisions is paramount.
This document discusses various aspects of autopsies including the different types of autopsies, the autopsy procedure, certification of cause of death, and common mistakes in forensic pathology. It provides details on medico-legal autopsies including their aims, objectives, categories of cases that require an autopsy, and the steps involved in notification, investigation of circumstances, examination of the body, and laboratory tests. Key points covered are definitions of different types of autopsies, requirements for consent, certification of cause of death, and potential classical mistakes made in forensic pathology.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE LIVING AND THE DEAD.pptBalinainejoseph
This is a part of forensic medicine that describes the indentification of the living and the dead
It explains both scientific and non scientific methods
Now-a-days public are expecting Skills, Knowledge as well as Ethical behaviour from Doctors. This PPT gives the 2 basic principles of Bio-ethics in brief & apt form
- Physicians must maintain patient confidentiality but may break it if the patient poses a threat to themselves or others, or if required by law such as with infectious diseases. Efforts should be made to discuss issues with the patient first.
- Informed consent is required to share a patient's medical information with others or to perform medical procedures. Exceptions include emergencies or if the patient lacks capacity.
- Decisions about withholding or withdrawing care should be made based on the patient's wishes if known, or their best interests if not. Surrogate decision makers may be consulted for incompetent patients.
Talk given by Angela Melville, Scientific Director at the IISL, the 15th December 2011. The talk deals with research made on clinical negligence claims and the ethical issues involved in this kind of sensitive research.
Introduction to Physical Diagnosis d.pptxaxmedfare138
The document provides an introduction to physical diagnosis in clinical medicine. It discusses the importance of both the art and science of medicine. The medical art involves skills like interviewing patients, using senses to identify abnormalities, and clinical reasoning. A thorough history is important, including the chief complaint, history of present illness, past medical history, review of systems, and social/family history. The physical exam involves looking, touching, hearing and smelling. Laboratory tests can provide supporting evidence but should not replace clinical assessment. Building rapport with patients and maintaining ethics and confidentiality are also discussed.
History taking in Psychosexual MedicineArpit Koolwal
The document discusses the importance of taking a thorough sexual history from patients. It notes that sexual dysfunction is common, affecting around 30-40% of men and women, and can be an indicator of physical or mental health issues. However, many patients do not discuss sexual problems with their doctors due to embarrassment or other barriers. The document provides guidance on how to take a sensitive sexual history, including ensuring privacy, using patient-centered language, addressing potential biases, and exploring biological, psychological, and relationship factors. It emphasizes creating a comfortable, non-judgmental environment to discuss sexual health issues.
Counseling plays an important role in assisted reproductive technology (ART) by helping patients cope with stress and make difficult decisions. There are three main types of counseling: implication counseling to discuss treatment options and implications; support counseling for emotional support; and therapeutic counseling to develop coping strategies. Counseling should be provided before, during, and after ART to address patients' psychological needs. It is important to obtain valid consent, provide full information on risks and outcomes, and handle adverse events sensitively. Effective counseling can help patients navigate the challenges of infertility treatment.
This document discusses consent in surgical patients, including:
- The history of consent from ancient Greece to modern informed consent laws established after Jerry Canterbury's paralysis from surgery complications.
- Types of consent including implied, expressed, verbal, written, and blanket consent.
- Elements of valid consent including disclosure, comprehension, voluntariness, competence, and agreement.
- Situations where consent is required at our hospital, who can provide consent, and how consent can be withdrawn.
- Special considerations for consent in emergencies, unexpected findings, children, and different cultures.
This document discusses several key legal issues in emergency medicine, including duty of care, consent, competence and capacity, privacy and confidentiality, refusal of treatment, and negligence. It emphasizes the importance of acting in the patient's best interests, obtaining valid consent, properly assessing decision-making capacity, and thorough documentation. Legal concepts are complex, so the focus should be on doing what a reasonable practitioner would do in any given situation.
- Paramedics must understand and follow medical ethics and laws to avoid civil and criminal liability. They are bound by professional ethics to do no harm, act in good faith, and act in the patient's best interest. EMS research presents ethical issues regarding informed consent.
- The legal system includes federal and state laws, with two types of law - civil and criminal. Lawsuits against paramedics usually involve negligence claims. Paramedics are subject to their state's medical practice act and scope of practice. Patient privacy is protected by HIPAA.
- Paramedics must obtain consent, honor patient refusals and autonomy when possible, and understand decision-making capacity, especially for minors. They must
- Paramedics must understand and follow medical ethics and laws to avoid civil and criminal liability. They are bound by professional ethics to do no harm, act in good faith, and act in the patient's best interest. EMS research presents ethical issues regarding informed consent.
- The legal system includes federal and state laws, with two types of law - civil and criminal. Lawsuits against paramedics usually involve negligence claims. Paramedics are subject to their state's medical practice act and scope of practice. Patient privacy is protected by HIPAA.
- Paramedics must obtain consent, honor patient refusals and autonomy when possible, and understand decision-making capacity, especially for minors. They must
This document discusses several key ethical issues in child health nursing including autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice, veracity, fidelity, informed consent, assent, disent, advance directives, and confidentiality. It provides definitions and considerations for each topic as they relate to making ethical decisions and providing care to pediatric patients and their families from a variety of cultural backgrounds.
Ethics in healthcare go beyond what is legal and provide moral guidelines to assist in complex decision making. Some examples of ethical issues include deciding who receives organ transplants, discontinuing life support, and how much care to provide uninsured patients. Ethics principles include doing no harm, preserving life, treating all patients equally, respecting patient choices, and maintaining professional standards of care. Patients have rights to considerate care, informed consent, privacy, and participation in advanced directives to refuse treatment.
Principles of communication in Healthcare (AETCOM)Siddhartha Sinha
This document discusses principles of effective communication for doctors. It outlines key elements of communication like the communicator, message, method and recipient. It emphasizes active listening skills like listening to words, voice, demeanor and context. Good communication during consultations requires understanding patients culturally and educationally. Doctors should address patients respectfully, be unhurried, ask open-ended questions and make reassuring gestures. Non-verbal communication like body language also conveys important messages and building rapport through techniques like mimicking can improve understanding. Potential barriers to communication include environmental factors, difficulties with the message or interactions between doctors and patients.
- Doctors called to testify in court must be well prepared with all relevant records and reports and arrive on time.
- In the witness box, doctors should speak clearly and avoid technical terms. They must remain calm, truthful, and impartial.
- Doctors should listen carefully to questions, consider all aspects before answering, and limit responses to the scope of the question without speculation.
How to be an Effective Expert Witness: a guide for forensic psychiatrists and...Andrew Carroll
An evidence-based outline of how to both deliver effective mental health evidence for the courts and sustain your own career as an expert. In this hour-long presentation I draw on my 25 years of experience as a forensic psychiatrist and on relevant literature to summarise the key elements of effective and sustainable forensic practice.
The document outlines the SPIKES protocol for delivering bad medical news to patients, which involves preparing information, understanding the patient's perspective, obtaining permission to disclose details, providing knowledge of the medical condition, exploring the patient's emotions, and summarizing next steps. It discusses examples of conditions considered bad news and benefits of skillfully breaking news. The document also considers cultural factors relevant to applying this protocol in Sri Lanka.
Legal and ethical issues in critical care nursingNursing Path
This document discusses several key ethical and legal issues faced by critical care nurses, including informed consent, use of restraints, end-of-life decisions around life-sustaining treatment, organ donation, and resolving ethical problems. It outlines important ethical principles like autonomy, beneficence, and justice. It also addresses issues like medico-legal cases, documentation, and the most concerning ethical issues reported by nurses.
The document discusses the key pillars of medical ethics including consent, confidentiality, autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice. It emphasizes that medical practice requires trust between doctors and patients, and that patients have a right to be informed about treatment options and outcomes. Doctors must seek consent for medical interventions and respect the confidentiality of medical information, except in certain legally mandated cases. The autonomy of the patient to make their own medical decisions is paramount.
This document discusses various aspects of autopsies including the different types of autopsies, the autopsy procedure, certification of cause of death, and common mistakes in forensic pathology. It provides details on medico-legal autopsies including their aims, objectives, categories of cases that require an autopsy, and the steps involved in notification, investigation of circumstances, examination of the body, and laboratory tests. Key points covered are definitions of different types of autopsies, requirements for consent, certification of cause of death, and potential classical mistakes made in forensic pathology.
IDENTIFICATION OF THE LIVING AND THE DEAD.pptBalinainejoseph
This is a part of forensic medicine that describes the indentification of the living and the dead
It explains both scientific and non scientific methods
Motor vehicle accidents can cause a variety of injuries to occupants, pedestrians, and cyclists depending on the type and severity of impact. Common causes of injury include impact with interior vehicle surfaces, intrusion of objects into the passenger compartment, and ejection from the vehicle. Injuries may involve any body region. Autopsies of crash victims aim to determine cause of death and document findings for legal purposes. Investigations also examine crash scenes and vehicles to understand accident dynamics.
The document outlines protocols for examining scenes of death, including confirming death, documenting the scene, collecting evidence without contamination, and maintaining chain of custody. Proper examination of the scene, body, and evidence can help determine the medical cause and manner of death. Trace evidence left at the scene can provide clues about the identity of the deceased and what happened based on Locard's principle of transfer and exchange of materials.
Counseling and psychotherapy both aim to help individuals with mental health issues, but they differ in key ways. Counseling typically provides short-term assistance for present issues like stress, relationships or decision-making. Psychotherapy focuses on longer-term treatment to address deeper psychological causes of problems by examining a person's history and helping them gain insight. While counseling helps process emotions and improve skills, psychotherapy facilitates more profound changes through exploring root causes from a person's past.
1. Bacillary dysentery is an acute infectious disease of the intestines caused by Shigella bacteria, which causes diffuse inflammation in the sigmoid colon and rectum. It is transmitted through the fecal-oral route.
2. The clinical manifestations include fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea with mucus and blood in the stool. There are three main types: common, mild, and toxic. The toxic type can cause shock and encephalopathy.
3. Diagnosis involves stool examination showing white blood cells, red blood cells and pus cells. Treatment focuses on controlling symptoms like fever and seizures. Antibiotics are given depending on culture and sensitivity results.
This document provides an overview of schizophrenia, including its diagnostic criteria, symptoms, course, epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, treatment and prognosis. Schizophrenia is diagnosed based on the presence of certain symptoms for at least six months, and is characterized by positive symptoms like delusions and hallucinations as well as negative symptoms and cognitive impairment. It has a lifetime prevalence of 0.5-1% and typically onset in late teens to twenties. Potential causes include genetic and environmental factors impacting brain structure and dopamine neurotransmission. Treatment involves medication and hospitalization if needed for safety or symptom stabilization. Prognosis depends on factors like treatment adherence, though with proper long term management many people with schizophrenia can lead productive
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
COURT PROCEDURE.pptx
1. • Forensic medicine: It is the application of principle
and knowledge of medical sciences to legal
purposes and legal proceedings so as to aid in the
administration of justice.
• Medical jurisprudence: It is the application of
knowledge of law in relation to practice of
medicine. It includes:
i. Doctor-patient relationship
ii. Doctor-doctor relationship
iii. Doctor-State relationship.
2. • Medical etiquette: These are the conventional laws and
customs of courtesy which are followed between
members of same profession.
– A doctor should behave with his colleagues, as he would like
to have them behave with him, e.g. he should not charge
another doctor or members of his family for professional
service.
• Medical ethics: It is concerned with moral principles for
the members of the medical profession in their dealings
with each other, their patients and the State.
– It is a self-imposed code of conduct assumed voluntarily by
medical professionals.
3. INQUEST
• An inquest is a legal inquiry into the
circumstances and cause of death in cases of
sudden suspicious or unnatural deaths
• Types of inquest
– Police inquest
– Magistrate inquest
– Coroners inquest
– Medical examiner system
4. Court hierarchy in Uganda
• Supreme court
• Court of Appeal
• High court
• Magistrates court
• Judge : My Lord/Your Lordship, Your Honour
• Magistrate: Your Worship
5. • Summons: Is a document commanding the
attendance of a witness in a court of law
– Must be obeyed unless there are valid and urgent
reasons
• A witness who wilfully avoids to appear before
a court after having been duly served a
summons is guilty of contempt of court
7. Medical evidence
• Medical certificates: sickness, insanity, death etc
• Medicolegal reports: injury, sexual offence, death
etc
• Dying declaration: statement written or oral made
by the person who is on the verge of dying as a
result of un-natural causes
– Relate to cause of imminent death
– Dying person speaks only the truth
– Gestures can be deciphered
– Not in presence of investigating officer
– If recoded in writing must be signed by declarant
8. Conduct of a doctor in court
• Well prepared
• Relevant documemts
• Do not memorise
• Well dressed and modest
• Speak audibly and clearly
• Simple language
• Do not exaggerate; avoid superlatives
• Address court officers responsibly
9. • Do not evade questions
• Admit if not sure
• Do not lose your temper
• Do not argue
• Express opinion on basis of knowledge
• Be honest
• Be impartial
10. • Always tell the truth.
• Say “I don’t know” or “I don’t remember” when uncertain
about something. It is better to admit to not knowing
something than to guess and potentially provide false
information
• Make it clear when questions or issues fall outside of your area
of expertise—admit to the limits of your knowledge.
• Be a neutral witness.
• Provide an objective, unbiased opinion.
• Speak in a clear, loud voice.
• Be alert, objective, and unemotional.
• Maintain dignity, credibility, and self-control.
11. • Acknowledge the attorney when he is asking a
question, then turn your attention to the jury and
direct your answer to the jury.
• Pause briefly when answering questions posed during
cross examination to allow the opposing attorney to
make any objections.
– If you have begun to answer a question when an objection
is raised, do not complete an answer until instructed to do
so by the judge, because if the objection is sustained, the
question should not be answered.
• Answer only the question being asked.
12. Don’t
• Be cocky, self-assured, or dogmatic.
• Be adversarial.
• Confuse the jury.
• Fiddle, shift your weight or repeatedly/repetitively change
your body position; these unconscious behaviors can give
the appearance that an expert witness is uncomfortable.
• Look at the attorney who called you to testify when
answering questions posed during cross examination— this
may give the appearance that you are being coached by the
opposing attorney.
• Allow yourself to be “pinned down” to a narrow window of
possibility when you are not comfortable with it; examples
include narrowing a likely survival time from “a few hours
or so” to “between 60 and 90 minutes.”
13. • Discuss the case until the trial is over or observe
any other aspects of the trial
• Answer beyond the scope of a question.
• Allow yourself to be forced to answer “yes” or
“no” to a confusing question.
– If you must, ask the judge if you may explain your
answer.
• Allow your answer to a question to be interrupted
before you can finish in instances when an
inadequately or partially answered question may
give an inaccurate interpretation that you did not
intend.