This document provides an introduction to consumer behaviour. It discusses how cognitive processes, emotions, social influences, and context affect consumer decision making. The objectives are to understand these factors and how they can be used in marketing strategies. It then defines consumer behaviour and discusses the consumer decision making process, which involves problem recognition, information search, evaluating alternatives, purchase, and post-purchase evaluation. Key aspects of the process include the influence of needs, sources of information, and factors that determine satisfaction.

1. CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
Lecture 1
Level 300
Title: Introduction to Consumer
Behaviour.

2. Objectives
• Understand how consumer cognitive (thinking)
processes and limitations, affect, beliefs, social
influences, and other contextual factors influence
consumer decision making, choices, and
behaviour.
• Appreciate how these insights can be used to
design and implement effective marketing
strategies.
• Appreciate individual and segment differences in
process and outcome.

4. Psychology of Marketing
Perception.
 Decision making.
 Information search.
 Attitudes, beliefs, categorization.
Consumer research methods, learning.

5. Defining consumer
behaviour
Consumer Behaviour is the process
Involved when individuals or groups select,
use, or dispose of products, services, ideas
or experiences in exchange to Satisfy Needs
and desires.

6. The consumer
Why would consumers buy products and
services?
• They identify a need that makes them
incomplete or insecure.
• Consumers use products and services to
satisfy their needs.
• They either need it to solve an immediate
problem or as a security.

7. Consumer behaviour

8. The behaviour
• The display of consumer behaviour can be
categorized into three.
• Pre-purchase behaviour
• Purchasing behaviour
• Post-purchase behaviour

9. The self concept

10. Actual self and ideal self

11. Actual self & ideal self

12. Issues for discussion
• How does a consumer decides that he needs a
product?
• What are the best sources of information to lean
on for alternative products?
• Is acquiring a product stressful or a pleasant
experience?
• Does the product provide pleasure or perform its
intended function?
• What determines whether a consumer is satisfied
with a product or not?

13. Factors affecting decision

14. Consumer decision making
process

15. Consumer decision making

16. Evoked set
A narrowed down set of
alternatives that the customer is
considering to make the last
selection and purchase.

17. Problem recognition
Consumer needs can be triggered by
internal or external stimuli.
Needs become wants.
Leads to behaviour.
Triggers information search.

18. Information search
Sources of information:
-Personal Sources
-Internal Sources
-External Sources
Time, effort and expense dedicated to
information search.

19. Consumer problem
recognition
• Consumer problem: Discrepancy between ideal and
actual state--e.g., consumer:
– Has insufficient hair
– Is hungry
– Has run out of fuel
• Problems can be solved in several ways--e.g., stress
reduction - vacation, movie, hot bath, medication.

20. Information search
Sources of information:
-Personal Sources
-Internal Sources
-External Sources
Time, effort and expenses dedicated to
information search.

21. Evaluation of alternatives
• Consideration set
• Analyze product attributes
• Use cut off criteria [pros/cons]
• Multi-attribute models

22. Purchase
• To buy or not to buy…
• Marketing determines which attributes are
most important in influencing a consumers’
choice (differentiation…later)

23. Post purchasing behaviour
• Cognitive dissonance:
– Did I make a good decision?
– Did I buy the right one? Get a good value?
• Marketers minimize this through:
– Effective communication
– Follow up
– Guarantees
– Warranties

24. THE END