AIPMM Webinar Series
Consumer Behavior:
The Purchasing Process and Consumer as
Decision Maker
(Part 1 of 3)
Paula Gray
AIPMM Director of Research & Knowledge Development
Applied Anthropologist
Our Speaker
Consumer Benefits
People don’t
buy goods or
services,
they buy
BENEFITS QualityBrand
Functionality
PackagingDesign
Guarantee /
Warranty
Customer
Support
Delivery
Payment
Terms
Education
& Training
Main-
tenance
& Care
Assembly
&
Installation
On-site
Service
Core-
Product
Actual Product
(Product appearance)
Customer benefit
(Goods or service)
Extended Product
(Product related service)
Different people seek different benefits
in different situations
Market
Segmentation
Natural grouping of consumers
seeking similar benefits
◦Behave in similar ways
◦Make similar decisions in similar
situations
Segment
Bounding
The methods used to differentiate
consumers and market segments
◦Descriptors
◦Location
◦Time
Segment
Viability
Evaluating the identified segment
using specific criteria
◦Sufficient Size
◦Measurable
◦Clearly Differentiated
◦Reachable
Product
Positioning
Aligning a product’s actual or
perceived benefits with the
benefits sought by a particular
segment
◦Based on Characteristics
◦Based on Image
◦Positioned Against Competitor
◦Combination of the Above
So how do consumers choose between
seemingly similar goods and services?
Consumer
Decision Making
Process
Problem or Opportunity
Recognition
Problem or
Opportunity
Recognition
Recognizing need or want
◦Actual versus desired state
Triggers for
Problem or
Opportunity
Recognition
Situational
Consumer
Marketing
Information Search
Types of
Information
Search
Internal Information Search
External Search Strategy
◦Limiting search to manageable level
◦Information sources and
believability
Evaluating Alternatives
Alternative
Evaluation
Consumer benefits and
evaluation criteria
Price, brand and country of origin
as evaluation criteria
Consumer decision rules
Initial commitment by consumers
Planned
Versus
Unplanned
Purchase
Planned
◦Specifically Planned
◦Generally Planned
◦Substitute
Unplanned
◦Pure Impulse
◦Reminder Impulse
◦Suggestion Impulse
◦Planned Impulse
Choice
Choice Outlet Selection
Outlet or Brand?
Outlet Image
How Consumers Choose Between
Outlets
Choice and
Shopping
Behavior
The Shopping Process
Choice Decision Making
Consumption and Post-
Purchase Behavior
Goods and
Service
Consumption
Consumption Situation
Ritual Consumption
Sacred and Profane Consumption
Compulsive Consumption
Deception in Consumption Self-
Reporting
Consumption
Effects on
Satisfaction
Satisfaction versus dissatisfaction
Expectation and satisfaction
Performance and satisfaction
How marketers can close the gap
between expectation and
performance
Cognitive
Dissonance
◦ Consumers and marketers attempt to
reduce dissonance
Post-Purchase
Behavior
Customer Loyalty
Word of Mouth
Negative Post-Purchase Behavior
Product
Disposal
Role of Marketer
Role of Consumer
Summary Consumers Buy Benefits
We Segment Those Consumers
Based on Behavior
We Target Those Segments
Then, It’s Up to the Consumer as
They Go Through the Process:
◦Need Recognition
◦Information Search
◦Evaluation of Alternatives
◦Choice/Purchase
◦Consumption/Post Purchase
July 14, Part 2 of 3
"Psychological
Influences on
Purchase Decision
Making“
August 11, Part 3 of 3
"Socio-Cultural
Influences on
Purchase Decision
Making"
You can reach me:
paula.gray@aipmm.com
Upcoming Webcast
Untangling the MVP in Lean Product Validation
June 30, 2017 12pm Eastern/9am Pacific
WWW.AIPMM.COM/NEW-EVENTS
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Consumer behavior part 1 purchasing process and consumer as decision maker final