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Presented at Security 2008, Reagan Center, Washington, DC  November 21, 2208 Alan Paller, Director of Research, SANS Institute,  [email_address]
Why did your agency let the Chinese steal that information?
FISMA compliance as it is plays out in the US Government today: Security person: “I hear you.  But if you don’t accept the risk and accredit the system, the Deputy Secretary is going to kill the CIO and you and me.  Clay Johnson in the White House is pressuring him to get all our systems accredited by July 1.“ Project person: “Our system goes live in three weeks; NIST documents are two feet thick; it would take a year and a huge amount of money to meet all those requirements – in fact it would take months and $100,000 just to study all the NIST special pubs and agree on what they require us to do.  Do we have any other options?” Security person: “All you have to do is get a consultant to  write a report listing risks and then persuade the designated approving authority (DAA) to sign a document saying he accepts the risks.” DAA: “I don’t understand all the stuff in this consultant’s report. I won’t sign it.” DAA: “OK, Where do I sign?” Security person: “You need to make sure your project meets all NIST security requirements.”
Why doesn’t the agency just implement NIST guidance? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The three unanswered questions: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Should this be mandatory? “ there is flexibility within NIST’s guidance in how agencies apply the guidance. “  (SP800-53) “ Consequently, the application of NIST guidance by agencies can result in different security solutions that are equally acceptable ”  (SP800-53)
 
…  also causes wasteful wars between inspectors general and CIOs/CISOs
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
“ Defense Must Be Informed by the Offense”
Who understands offense? Would they be willing to combine their knowledge to define the most important defensive investments CIOs must make?
Consensus Audit Guidelines (CAG) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
An Example:  Attack-Based Control ,[object Object],[object Object]
How bad guys are getting into well-protected systems? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How Spear Phishing Destroys Your Perimeter ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Then what happens? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What would have stopped that attack? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sample Attack-Based Controls ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What does the CAG Provides ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Next Steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A CHALLENGE: Helping security people develop the skills to implement and test the critical security controls. Why should they change? Mike Jacobs (12 months ago): “70% of our staff have soft skills; only 30% have specialized security skills. If we don’t reverse that ratio in the next two years, we’ll be out of business.”
Alan Paller [email_address]

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Consensus Audit Guidelines 2008

  • 1. Presented at Security 2008, Reagan Center, Washington, DC November 21, 2208 Alan Paller, Director of Research, SANS Institute, [email_address]
  • 2. Why did your agency let the Chinese steal that information?
  • 3. FISMA compliance as it is plays out in the US Government today: Security person: “I hear you. But if you don’t accept the risk and accredit the system, the Deputy Secretary is going to kill the CIO and you and me. Clay Johnson in the White House is pressuring him to get all our systems accredited by July 1.“ Project person: “Our system goes live in three weeks; NIST documents are two feet thick; it would take a year and a huge amount of money to meet all those requirements – in fact it would take months and $100,000 just to study all the NIST special pubs and agree on what they require us to do. Do we have any other options?” Security person: “All you have to do is get a consultant to write a report listing risks and then persuade the designated approving authority (DAA) to sign a document saying he accepts the risks.” DAA: “I don’t understand all the stuff in this consultant’s report. I won’t sign it.” DAA: “OK, Where do I sign?” Security person: “You need to make sure your project meets all NIST security requirements.”
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Should this be mandatory? “ there is flexibility within NIST’s guidance in how agencies apply the guidance. “ (SP800-53) “ Consequently, the application of NIST guidance by agencies can result in different security solutions that are equally acceptable ” (SP800-53)
  • 7.  
  • 8. … also causes wasteful wars between inspectors general and CIOs/CISOs
  • 9.  
  • 10.
  • 11. “ Defense Must Be Informed by the Offense”
  • 12. Who understands offense? Would they be willing to combine their knowledge to define the most important defensive investments CIOs must make?
  • 13.
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  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
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  • 23. A CHALLENGE: Helping security people develop the skills to implement and test the critical security controls. Why should they change? Mike Jacobs (12 months ago): “70% of our staff have soft skills; only 30% have specialized security skills. If we don’t reverse that ratio in the next two years, we’ll be out of business.”