This document discusses best practices for MySQL system administration. It covers things to consider before and after installing MySQL such as hardware requirements, filesystem choices, disk partitioning and MySQL configuration tuning. It also discusses online backup and maintenance techniques using tools like Percona Toolkit to minimize downtime during operations like schema changes. Regular monitoring, testing backups and optimizing SQL code are emphasized.

1. MySQL for Sysadmins
Binlogic Conference 2012

2. BEGIN
• Scope
• Things you need to know
• Before install
• After install
• Online processes
• Application kit

3. Scope
• Sysadmins
• Database Administrators
• Dev Ops
• Operation Team
• Everyone that use MySQL

4. Things you need to know
• Use 64bits!
• Use kernel and software updated
• MySQL loves RAM
• MyISAM, InnoDB and many others
• Storage Engines are for tables not for DB
• Use partitions when is possible
• Optimize your SQL code

5. Before install
• Operating System

6. Before install
• HDD / SSD / RAM storage

7. Before install
• Filesystems
 EXT3
 EXT4
 XFS
• RAID
RAID 0
RAID 1
RAID 5
RAID 6
RAID 10

8. Benchmark EXT4 vs XFS

9. Benchmark EXT4 vs XFS

10. Benchmark EXT4 vs XFS

11. Benchmark EXT4 vs XFS

12. Benchmark EXT4 vs XFS

13. Before install
• Disk Partitions
• /
• /tmp
• /home
• innodb data / logs
• binary logs / relay logs
• datadir
• tmpdir

14. Before install
• MySQL version / branch
• MySQL
• MariaDB
• Percona
• Custom branches
» Twitter
» Facebook
» Drizzle

15. After install
• Change MySQL defaults [ my.cnf ]
» bind-address
» skip-name-resolve
» Run: mysql_secure_install
» Check users privileges

16. After install
• MyISAM performance
– Read
» key_buffer
» sort_buffer
» read_buffer_size

17. After install
• InnoDB performance
– Read
» innodb_buffer_pool_size
» query_cache_size
» query_cache_type
– Write
Reference: http://goo.gl/W6svD
» innodb_flush_method
» innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit

18. InnoBD performance

19. InnoBD performance

20. InnoBD performance

21. InnoBD performance

22. After install
• Checks your logs
» general_log_file
» general_log
» log_slow_queries
» long_query_time
» log-queries-not-using-indexes

23. After install
• Binary logs / Relay logs
» server-id
» log_bin
» expire_logs_days
» max_binlog_size
» replicate_do_db
» relay_log
» relay_log_index
» relay-log-space-limit
» max-relay-log-size

24. After install
• Separated partitions for logs and data
» datadir
» innodb_file_per_table
» innodb_data_home_dir
» innodb_log_group_home_dir
» innodb_log_file_size
» innodb_log_files_in_group

25. After install
• Double check your DDL scripts
• Keep monitoring your DML scripts
• Secure your server with DCL scripts

26. Online processes
• ALTER TABLE without Downtime
• How long? Could we test it before?
• Backup
» INTO OUTFILE / mysqldump –T
» Copy Binary logs
• Restore
» LOAD DATA INFILE / mysqlimport
» mysqlbinlog | mysql

27. Dumping faster
time mysqlimport sakila /tmp/sakila-dump/*.txt
real 0m0.188s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.004s

28. Dumping faster
time mysql < sakila-data.sql
real 0m1.196s
user 0m0.056s
sys 0m0.008s

29. Application Kit
• Percona Toolkit
» pt-heartbeat
» pt-online-schema-change
» pt-slave-delay
• Scripts en GitHub?
• Benchmarks
» sysbench
» scripts

30. COMMIT
• Pay attention before and after install your server
• Check your SQL code before you start hate MySQL
• Run backups and test it! Take time for that..
• Make your own scripts
• Keep using MySQL =)

31. COMMIT
• Read
» Blog de percona performance blog (EN)
» http://www.ilsistemista.net/ (EN)
» Binlogic Blog
» Kibibyte.net Blog ( 09/2012 )

32. Questions?
@jtomaszon
tomas@kibibyte.net
www.kibibyte.net
Contact me