Concepts and Development in
Physics 1
Jonis V C
Assistant Professor
Department of Physics
St. Xavier’s College for women, Aluva
9/20/2021 1
Topics to be covered…
• History of Physics
how the branch of Physics is evolved?
what do we do in Physics?
• Brief history of Physics
• Contributions of great scientists
Galileo Galilei Einstein Marie Sklodowska Curie
Joseph John Thomson Pierre Curie
Sir Isaac Newton Max Planck………….
9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 2
Indian Scientists
• Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
• Homi Jehangir Bhabha
• Jagadish Chandra Bose
• Sathyendra Nath Bose
• Meghnad Saha
• Subramanyan Chandrasekhar
9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 3
What is Physics ?
• Fundamental of all natural sciences.
• Comes from Greek word “fusis” meaning nature.
• Was termed by Aristotle.
• Word science comes from Latin verb “scientia” meaning to know.
Physics is a science that deals with the structure of nature and natural
phenomena.
Sciences deals with natural phenomena natural sciences
9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 4
What do we do in Physics ?
• Discover laws that are operating in nature by continuous observation
and experimentation .
• With the help of these laws we try to explain and predict new
phenomena.
• Make use of all these discoveries for the benefit and advancement of
human society.
9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 5
Methods adopted by scientists
1. Systematic observation.
2. Reasoning.
3. Model making.
4. Theoretical prediction.
These methods collectively termed as “scientific method” or
“methodology”.
9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 6
Scientific method → Theory
• From scientific methods “working laws” or “hypothesis” are created.
• New experiments are carried out to test hypothesis.
• If results do not agree, will be modified and becomes a “law”.
Limited number of laws that explain the physical system or behavior is
called a theory.
A theory explains measurements and observations and predicts about new
phenomena.
9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 7
• Whenever there is discrepancy, needs modification.
• If it does not agree with the observations , must be discarded
new theory.
Geocentric model (Ptolemy) Heliocentric model (Copernicus)
(Earth at the center) (sun at the center)
Wave theory of light Quantum theory of light
(Diffraction) (Photoelectric effect)
9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 8
9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 9

Concepts and developement in physics1[950]

  • 1.
    Concepts and Developmentin Physics 1 Jonis V C Assistant Professor Department of Physics St. Xavier’s College for women, Aluva 9/20/2021 1
  • 2.
    Topics to becovered… • History of Physics how the branch of Physics is evolved? what do we do in Physics? • Brief history of Physics • Contributions of great scientists Galileo Galilei Einstein Marie Sklodowska Curie Joseph John Thomson Pierre Curie Sir Isaac Newton Max Planck…………. 9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 2
  • 3.
    Indian Scientists • ChandrasekharaVenkata Raman • Homi Jehangir Bhabha • Jagadish Chandra Bose • Sathyendra Nath Bose • Meghnad Saha • Subramanyan Chandrasekhar 9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 3
  • 4.
    What is Physics? • Fundamental of all natural sciences. • Comes from Greek word “fusis” meaning nature. • Was termed by Aristotle. • Word science comes from Latin verb “scientia” meaning to know. Physics is a science that deals with the structure of nature and natural phenomena. Sciences deals with natural phenomena natural sciences 9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 4
  • 5.
    What do wedo in Physics ? • Discover laws that are operating in nature by continuous observation and experimentation . • With the help of these laws we try to explain and predict new phenomena. • Make use of all these discoveries for the benefit and advancement of human society. 9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 5
  • 6.
    Methods adopted byscientists 1. Systematic observation. 2. Reasoning. 3. Model making. 4. Theoretical prediction. These methods collectively termed as “scientific method” or “methodology”. 9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 6
  • 7.
    Scientific method →Theory • From scientific methods “working laws” or “hypothesis” are created. • New experiments are carried out to test hypothesis. • If results do not agree, will be modified and becomes a “law”. Limited number of laws that explain the physical system or behavior is called a theory. A theory explains measurements and observations and predicts about new phenomena. 9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 7
  • 8.
    • Whenever thereis discrepancy, needs modification. • If it does not agree with the observations , must be discarded new theory. Geocentric model (Ptolemy) Heliocentric model (Copernicus) (Earth at the center) (sun at the center) Wave theory of light Quantum theory of light (Diffraction) (Photoelectric effect) 9/20/2021 Jonis V C, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 8
  • 9.
    9/20/2021 Jonis VC, Assistant Professor, SXC, Aluva 9