This is developed by Shaikh Abdus Salam, Asstt. Director, HSTTI, Khulna, Bangladesh

1. WelcomeMyTeacherandFriends

2. IntroductionofTeacher’sandStudent
Shaikh Abdus Salam
Student Id:-151609
1st Yr. 2nd Term
Course Id:-5209
Masters of Population and Gender Studies
Sociology Discipline
Khulna University
Khulna
Shaharior Rahman Razu
Asstt. Prof.
Sociology Discipline
Khulna University
Khulna

3. What We Observe the Video

4. Today’s Topic

5. Presentation Outline
 What is conception?
What is sperm and egg cell?
What is Implantation and fertilization?
Formation of Twin Baby.
 Pregnancy Period,.
Problems of pregnancy.

6. What is Conception
Although you certainly can’t see it, your body is
the site of a huge festival known as ovulation
that takes place every month or so! Each cycle,
your ovaries release one egg into your fallopian
tube to await fertilization, and if a sperm cell
successfully completes its journey and
sufficiently charms your egg, it will become
fertilized, and grow into baby! This journey is
called conception.

7. Egg & Sperm Cells
Egg Cell:
Same as “ovum” the cell from a girl or woman that can start pregnancy.
Sperm Cell:
The cell from a boy or man that can start pregnancy when joined with an ovum. Each cell has
23 chromosomes.

8. Egg & Sperm Cells
http://www.saburchill.com/images02/020107031.jpg
http://www.saburchill.com/images02/020107032.jpg

9. Fertilization
Fertilization:
The joining of a sperm and an ovum.
Fertilized Egg:
What an ovum is called after the chromosomes from a
sperm have mixed with the ovum’s chromosomes.
http://worms.zoology.wisc.edu/dd2/echino/fert/files/page19_2.gif

10. Implantation
Implantation:
The ball of cells (that used to be a single
fertilized egg) nesting in the wall of the
uterus.
Fertilization & Implantation = Conception
Conception:
The beginning of a pregnancy.

11. After They Meet

12. Gender
Determined by two sex chromosomes.
• Girl - XX
• Boy – XY
• Each parent gives one chromosome.
• One is always X because moms only have X’s.
• The dad can give either X or Y.
• This determines whether a boy or girl.

13. Multiple Births
Identical Twins:
Twins that grow from one egg, fertilized by one
sperm, that split into two balls of cells before it
implanted in the uterus. They have the same
genes, so they look exactly alike.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7e/Identical-fraternal-sperm-
egg.png

14. Multiple Births
Fraternal Twins:
Twins that grew from two eggs, each fertilized by a
different sperm. They don’t look any more alike that
any brothers and sisters because they have different
genes.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7e/Identical-fraternal-sperm-
egg.png

15. Pregnancy
A woman is pregnant when she’s going to
have a baby.
Amniotic Sac:
The thin membrane (like the skin inside the
shell of a chicken egg) that surrounds the
amniotic fluid and fetus.

16. Pregnancy
Fetus:
The developing baby from about 10
weeks to birth. Before that, it is called
an “embryo”. The main difference is
the placenta.

17. Pregnancy
Placenta:
An organ that grows inside the
uterus during pregnancy to carry
food and oxygen from the mother
and waste from the embryo or
fetus.
• It produces many hormones that
affect both the mother and the
baby.
• It develops from the original ball of
cells that implanted in the uterus.

18. Pregnancy
Umbilical Cord:
The tube leading from the navel of the embryo
or fetus to the placenta.
It carries food and oxygen to the developing
baby and waste from the developing baby.

19. Prenatal
Prenatal:
Before birth. Prenatal care means getting special check-ups at least once a
month from a doctor starting as early in a pregnancy as possible.
Good early care can greatly reduce the risks of birth defects, low birth weight, or
prematurity. It also helps keep the mother healthy.

20. Problems
• Birth Defects: Anything wrong with a newborn baby. Cleft pallet,
heart problems, blindness, cerebral palsy, etc.
• Miscarriage: A pregnancy ending much too soon, before the embryo
or fetus is able to live outside the uterus.

21. Low Birth Weight Babies
Low Birth Weight:
A baby that is “too” small. Weighs
less than 5.5lbs at birth.
• A LBW baby is more likely to be sick or
have birth defects.
• It is also likely to develop more slowly
and to have more difficulty in school.
• It also may turn out healthy and do
just fine.

22. Problems
Premature:
Born “too” soon. Born fewer than 40 weeks (9
months) of pregnancy.
Depending on how early baby is born a premature
baby may have serious birth defects or problems.
Minor birth defects or problems.
The baby could also have no problems and do just
fine.

23. Problems
 Pre-Eclampsia & Eclampsia:
 High blood pressure and high protein in the urine.
 Also marked by swelling of the feet, legs and hands.
 If left undiagnosed can lead to Eclampsia which puts both mother
and baby at risk, and in rare cases death.

24. Conclusion
In conclusion you should now be able to explain the processes
of Passing on Your DNA, The Egg's Journey, The Sperm's
Journey, The First Two Weeks, The Embryo Takes Shape,
Messages in the Genes, Feeding the Growing Fetus, and The
Third Trimester.

25. Thanks My Friends and Sir