The document defines and describes different types of communities. It discusses: 1) The definition of "community" as a group sharing common characteristics like location, beliefs, or values. 2) Types of communities including location-based communities defined by place, and identity-based communities defined by shared traits. 3) The importance of involving the local community in all phases of disaster management planning, as communities understand their own needs and can act as first responders.

2. Whatis community?

3. community
The word "community" is derived from Latin and has been used in the
English language since the 14th century. The word community is derived from
the Latin communitas (meaning the same), which is in turn derived
from communis, which means "common, public, shared by all or many"
(encyclopedia).
• A community is a group of people living in the same place or having a
particular characteristic in common such as norms, religion, values,
or identity.

4. community
• It is a group of people who share the same things, such as: where they live,
work and play.
• It is also a place where people solve problems together.

5. A community could be characterized by age group, ethnicity, gender,
religion, location or profession.
Age group Ethnicity Gender
Religion Location Profession

6. Types of community
A number of ways to categorize types of community have been proposed. One such
breakdown is as follows:
1) Location-based Communities: range from the
local neighbourhood, suburb, village, town or city, region, nation or even the
planet as a whole. These are also called communities of place.
2) Identity-based Communities: range from the local clique, sub-culture, ethnic
group, religious, multicultural or pluralistic civilization, or the global community
cultures of today. They may be included as communities of need or identity, such
as disabled persons or elderly people.

7. Types of community
3. Organizationally based Communities: range from communities organized informally
around family or network-based guilds and associations to more formal incorporated
associations, political decision making structures, economic enterprises, or professional
associations at a small, national or international scale.
Communities are nested; one community can contain another—for example a
geographic community may contain a number of ethnic communities.

9. Why do we need community in disaster
management?
Role of community in disaster management is very important. They are given below:
• As it is the community which is going to face the disaster, it is very important that
community should be part of the complete disaster management process in all three
phases- pre, during, post.
• Community knows itself, its environment better. Many times, senior citizens are aware
of incidences that have happened in the past, which others may not be aware of.
• When community is involved in DM planning process, it does not become
responsibility of only govt, or any external agency. Community accepts it as their own
responsibility and this feeling in community makes the process, response easier.

10. Why do we need community in disaster
management?
• Also in case of any disaster, community itself acts as a first responder before the
external help reaches to victims. So if the capacity building of community is done,
community will be ready to face disaster and it will reduce the work load on
external agencies coming to help.
• Community’s role can be in all three phases- training, plan, early warning,
communication, shelter, search and rescue, food arrangements etc. can be
planned better with help of youths, women etc. from the community.

12. EthnicCommunity
The term ethnic is derived from the Greek word “ethnos” (more precisely, from the
adjective “ethnikos”).
An ethnic community, or an ethnicity, is a category of people who identify with each
other based on similarities such as common ancestry, language, society, Culture
or nation.
It is a distinct category of the population in a larger society whose culture is usually
different from its own. Such as Language, religion, folkways and mores, styles of dress,
foods, occupational specialization, social values, and aesthetic standards.

13. The significance of ethnic community in
Disaster Management

14. Ethniccommunity inDisasterManagement
Ethnic community can consider the behaviors of communities and individuals when
subjecting to disastrous situations along with the underline cultural aspects of
them. The significance of ethnic community in Disaster Management are given
below:
With the help of ethnic community we can know their language, culture and
other activities which helps in Disaster Management.
Language: language helps to express ideas and enables
communication with others which is effective in Disaster Management.
Values: Values help us to evaluate people, objects and event in
Disaster Management.

15. Ethniccommunity inDisasterManagement
Their adaptation power in the phase of disaster is different from other community. By
knowing their adaption measure we can improve our survival power in disastrous
event.
They can guess the impact of disaster by their indigenous knowledge and take the
measure for reducing the damage of property and life. For example, the Moken
community in Thailand identified the signs such as unusual behavior of animals, birds
and low tide as indications for a Tsunami from their traditional stories. Thus this
community moved away from the sea towards protective areas (Arunotai, 2008).

16. Ethniccommunity inDisasterManagement
Due to the generational transformation of cultural components such
as knowledge, beliefs, values and norms, society’s values are
preserved for the future that provide guidance to survive in Disaster
Management

17. OccupationalCommunity

18. Occupational Community
 An occupational community as a group of people who consider themselves to be
engaged in the same sort of work.
 Occupational communities represent bounded work cultures populated by people
who share similar identities and values that transcendent specific organizational
settings.
Example of Occupational communities are:
Urban police officers
Doctors
Engineers etc.

20. Higher community
The higher class community is often made up of highly educated
business and professional people with high incomes, such as doctors,
lawyers, stockbrokers, and CEOs.
They live in exclusive neighborhoods, gather at expensive social clubs,
and send their children to the finest schools.
As might be expected, they also exercise a great deal of influence and
power both nationally and globally.

21. lower community
• The lower class community is typified by poverty, homelessness, and
unemployment.
• People of this class, few of whom have finished high school, suffer from
lack of medical care, adequate housing and food, decent clothing, safety,
and vocational training.
• The media often stigmatize the lower class as “the underclass,”
inaccurately characterizing poor people as welfare mothers who abuse the
system by having more and more babies, welfare fathers who are able to
work but do not, drug abusers, criminals, and societal “trash.”

22. Thank You