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Concept of Culture - Its Characteristics, Types, Forms, and Elements
- 1. Concept of Culture Whatare the aspects of culture? How do culture change?
- 2. Culture Culture is acomplex whole which consist of knowledge, beliefs, ideas, habits, attitudes, skills, abilities, values, norms, art, law, morals, customs, traditions, feelings and other capabilities of man which are acquired, learned and socially transmitted by man from one generation to another through language and living together as members of the society
- 3. Culture 101 As statedin the book of Macaraeg (2010) Sociology: Exploring Society and Culture, CULTURE is described and defined as: Historically transmitted meanings and symbols (Clifford Geertz) Learned system of meanings transmitted through natural language (Roy d Andrade) Extrasomatic (non-genetic, non-bodily), temporal continuum of things and events (Leslie White)
- 4. FORMS OF CULTURE FOLKWAYS Customaryways that is done for the sake of tradition LAWS controlled ethics and they are morally agreed, written and implemented MORES RIGHT OR WRONG? strict norms that control moral and ethical behavior
- 5. Elements of Culture SYMBOLS anything thatis meant to represent something LANGUAGE storehouse of culture TECHNOLOGY are objects meant to ease man’s life VALUES standards for what is good or desirable BELIEF faith of an individual NORMS specific rules/standards as guide for appropriate behavior
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- 7. Learned Culture is notinborn, it is learned. It is set of acquired values and behaviours.
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- 9. CONDITIONING response is conditionthrough rewards and punishments INDOCTRINATION or SUGGESTION acquired through formal training or informal teaching IMITATION acting the way that majority do MODES OF ACQUIRING CULTURE 1 2 3
- 10. Symbolic Humans create meaningbetween symbols and what they represent; as a result, different interpretations of a symbol can occur in different cultural contexts.
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- 12. TWO COMPONENTS OF CULTURE MATERIAL Refersto the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture NON-MATERIAL Refers to the nonphysical ideas that people have about their culture, including beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations, and institutions
- 13. Shared Culture is notsomething that an individual alone can possess. Culture in sociological sense is shared by a group of people or a society.
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- 15. ADAPTATION OF CULTURE PARALLELISM same culturemay take place in two or more different places DIFFUSION behavioral patterns that pass back and forth from one culture to another CONVERGENCE two or more cultures are fused or merged into one culture making it different from the original culture FISSION when people break away from their original culture and start developing a different culture of their own ACCULTURATION individuals incorporate the behavioral patterns of other cultures into their own either voluntarily or by force ASSIMILATION culture of a larger society is adapted by a smaller society ACCOMODATION when the larger society and smaller society are able to respect and tolerate each other’s culture even if there is already a prolonged contact of each other’s culture.
- 16. Patterned Culture is anormative system that has the capacity to define and control human behaviours.
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- 18. TYPES OF CULTURE PROSCREPTIVE CULTURE Define andtell us things not to do. PRESCREPTIVE CULTURE Define and tell us things to do.
- 19. Adaptive, Flexible, &Dynamic Culture is in a continuous process of change. It adapts with the changes in the environment, but sometimes it resist. Hence, resistant culture has the greater probability to die.
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- 21. CAUSES OF CULTURAL CHANGE DISCOVERY processof finding a new place or an object, artifact or anything that previously existed INVENTION creative mental process of devising, creating and producing something new, novel or original COLONIZATION Establishing a colony which would be subject to the rule or governance of the colonizing state REBELLION/ REVOLUTION aim to change the whole social order and replace the leadership DIFFUSION spread of cultural traits or social practices from a society or group to another ACCULTURATION cultural borrowing and cultural imitation state ASSIMILATION blending or fusion of two distinct cultures through long periods of interaction AMALGAMATION biological or hereditary fusion of members of different societies ENCULTURATION the deliberate infusion of a new culture to another
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