The document discusses innovative solutions for optimizing throughput in hub-spoke satellite networks. It describes four pillars for optimizing throughput: coding gain using advanced FEC like DVB-S2 and VersaFEC, carrier-in-carrier technology to compress bandwidth, adaptive coding and modulation to maximize throughput under changing link conditions, and WAN optimization techniques like header compression and payload compression. The combination of these techniques in a new product called the Advanced VSAT Series can significantly reduce network capital and operating expenses through more efficient use of satellite bandwidth and network resources.
Ericsson Technology Review: Integrated access and backhaul – a new type of wi...Ericsson
Today millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum is valued mainly because it can be used to achieve high speeds and capacities when combined with spectrum assets below 6GHz. But it can provide other benefits as well. For example, mmWave spectrum makes it possible to use a promising new wireless backhaul solution for 5G New Radio – integrated access and backhaul (IAB) – to densify networks with multi-band radio sites at street level.
This Ericsson Technology Review article explains the IAB concept at a high level, presenting its architecture and key characteristics, as well as examining its advantages and disadvantages compared with other backhaul technologies. It concludes with a presentation of the promising results of several simulations that tested IAB as a backhaul option for street sites in both urban and suburban areas.
Optical timing channel (OTC) solution delivers new levels of network synchron...ADVA
Our optical timing channel (OTC) offers new levels of robust and precise synchronization for even the most challenging applications. Built on our Oscilloquartz technology, this new end-to-end solution will prove key for 5G, smart grid and other time-sensitive applications. Unlike other delivery mechanisms, the new solution uses a PTP-optimized optical timing channel to provide accurate synchronization from the core of the network all the way to the edge. It does this by combining ePRTC core clocks and ultra-precise boundary clocks to ensure nanosecond timing.
Full rate => Used for speech at 13 Kbits/s
or sending data at 9.6 Kbits/s
Half rate => Used for speech at 6.5 Kbits/s
or sending data at 4.8 Kbits/s
Enhanced Full rate => Used for speech at 13 Kbits/s
or sending data at 9.6 Kbits/s but
with almost Land line quality
FCCH = FREQUENCY CORRECTION CHANNEL
=> To tell the Mobile that this is the BCCH carrier
=> To able the Mobile to synchronize to the frequency
(Downlink only)
SCH = SYNCHRONISATION CHANNEL
=> Used for sending BSIC (Base station Identity Code)
=> Give TDMA frame number to the Mobile.
(Downlink only)
BCCH = BROADCAST CONTROL CHANNEL
=> Used for sending information to the mobile like
CGI (Cell Global identity), LAI (Location Area Identity),
BCCH carriers of the neighboring cells,
maximum output power allowed in the cell and other
broadcast messages like barred cell. (Downlink only)
PCH = PAGING CHANNEL
=> Used for paging the Mobile. (Downlink only)
Reason could be an incoming call or an incoming Short Message.
RACH = RANDOM ACCESS CHANNEL
=> Used for responding to the paging (terminating), Location updating
or to make call access (originating) by asking for a signaling channel.
(Uplink only)
AGCH = ACCESS GRANT CHANNEL
=> Used to allocate SDCCH to the mobile.
(Downlink only)
Ericsson Technology Review: Integrated access and backhaul – a new type of wi...Ericsson
Today millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum is valued mainly because it can be used to achieve high speeds and capacities when combined with spectrum assets below 6GHz. But it can provide other benefits as well. For example, mmWave spectrum makes it possible to use a promising new wireless backhaul solution for 5G New Radio – integrated access and backhaul (IAB) – to densify networks with multi-band radio sites at street level.
This Ericsson Technology Review article explains the IAB concept at a high level, presenting its architecture and key characteristics, as well as examining its advantages and disadvantages compared with other backhaul technologies. It concludes with a presentation of the promising results of several simulations that tested IAB as a backhaul option for street sites in both urban and suburban areas.
Optical timing channel (OTC) solution delivers new levels of network synchron...ADVA
Our optical timing channel (OTC) offers new levels of robust and precise synchronization for even the most challenging applications. Built on our Oscilloquartz technology, this new end-to-end solution will prove key for 5G, smart grid and other time-sensitive applications. Unlike other delivery mechanisms, the new solution uses a PTP-optimized optical timing channel to provide accurate synchronization from the core of the network all the way to the edge. It does this by combining ePRTC core clocks and ultra-precise boundary clocks to ensure nanosecond timing.
Full rate => Used for speech at 13 Kbits/s
or sending data at 9.6 Kbits/s
Half rate => Used for speech at 6.5 Kbits/s
or sending data at 4.8 Kbits/s
Enhanced Full rate => Used for speech at 13 Kbits/s
or sending data at 9.6 Kbits/s but
with almost Land line quality
FCCH = FREQUENCY CORRECTION CHANNEL
=> To tell the Mobile that this is the BCCH carrier
=> To able the Mobile to synchronize to the frequency
(Downlink only)
SCH = SYNCHRONISATION CHANNEL
=> Used for sending BSIC (Base station Identity Code)
=> Give TDMA frame number to the Mobile.
(Downlink only)
BCCH = BROADCAST CONTROL CHANNEL
=> Used for sending information to the mobile like
CGI (Cell Global identity), LAI (Location Area Identity),
BCCH carriers of the neighboring cells,
maximum output power allowed in the cell and other
broadcast messages like barred cell. (Downlink only)
PCH = PAGING CHANNEL
=> Used for paging the Mobile. (Downlink only)
Reason could be an incoming call or an incoming Short Message.
RACH = RANDOM ACCESS CHANNEL
=> Used for responding to the paging (terminating), Location updating
or to make call access (originating) by asking for a signaling channel.
(Uplink only)
AGCH = ACCESS GRANT CHANNEL
=> Used to allocate SDCCH to the mobile.
(Downlink only)
VAS Content and Service provider in BangladeshShariful Islam
This is short report of VAS Content & Service provider in Bangladesh. Bangladesh regulatory status. You can find present and future VAS and its value chain. Challenges for starting this businesses.
I have described VoLTE IMS Architecture in simplified way . Are you also finding 3GPP Specs complicated & Complex for VoLTE IMS . It covers Role played by individual Networks Elements as mentioned below :-
# VoLTE SIP Handset : SIP Support , UAC , UAS , User Agent , SIP-UA
# Underlying LTE Network : MME , SGW , PGW , PCRF , HSS , Dedicated Bearer , QCI , Default Bearer
# IMS Core : SIP Servers , P-CSCF , I-CSCF , S-CSCF , TAS , MMTEL , BGw , MRF , ATCF , ATGW , IBCF , MGCF , IM-MGW , TrGW
# Voice Core or PSTN Network for Break-in or Break-out Calls
In this paper, we discussed about LTE system throughput calculation for both TDD and FDD system.
3GPP LTE technology support both TDD and FDD multiplexing. The paper describes all the factors which affect the throughput like Bandwidth, Modulation, UE category and mulplexing. It also describes how we get throughput 300Mbps in DL and 75Mbps in UL and what are assumptions taken to calculate the same.
Paper describes the steps and formulae to calculate the throughput for FDD system for TDD Config 1 and Config 2.
The throughput calculations shown in this paper is theoretical and limited by the assumptions taken to calculate for calculations
For RF Optimisation and neighbour verification both Scanner and UE measurements are required simultaneously
Post-Processing tool is required for data analysis
Individual call failures or drops can be analysed with Drive test tools (e.g. Nemo Outdoor) but to get bigger picture, a proper analysis tool is required
Actix or Nemo Analyser can be used for
Data analysis
Create Maps
Create KPI reports
ims registration call flow procedure volte sipVikas Shokeen
This PDF , VoLTE IMS Registration tutorial covers IMS Registration sip procedure in depth & Provides extract of 3GPP / GSMA Specs , I am covering below call flow in Depth :-
- LTE Attach & Default Internet EPS bearer
- Role of QCI-1 ( Voice ) , QCI-5 (SIP Signaling) , QCI-6 to 9 (Internet)
- Default Vs Dedicated Bearer in LTE
- Default IMS EPS bearer in LTE
- SIP and IMS Registration
- TAS Registration
In-building Solution (IBS) / Distributed Antenna System (DAS)
Small Cell Coverage within building premises
Signal is restricted inside the building
Antenna installed inside the building
Low Transmit Power of Antenna
Smaller Antenna size
VAS Content and Service provider in BangladeshShariful Islam
This is short report of VAS Content & Service provider in Bangladesh. Bangladesh regulatory status. You can find present and future VAS and its value chain. Challenges for starting this businesses.
I have described VoLTE IMS Architecture in simplified way . Are you also finding 3GPP Specs complicated & Complex for VoLTE IMS . It covers Role played by individual Networks Elements as mentioned below :-
# VoLTE SIP Handset : SIP Support , UAC , UAS , User Agent , SIP-UA
# Underlying LTE Network : MME , SGW , PGW , PCRF , HSS , Dedicated Bearer , QCI , Default Bearer
# IMS Core : SIP Servers , P-CSCF , I-CSCF , S-CSCF , TAS , MMTEL , BGw , MRF , ATCF , ATGW , IBCF , MGCF , IM-MGW , TrGW
# Voice Core or PSTN Network for Break-in or Break-out Calls
In this paper, we discussed about LTE system throughput calculation for both TDD and FDD system.
3GPP LTE technology support both TDD and FDD multiplexing. The paper describes all the factors which affect the throughput like Bandwidth, Modulation, UE category and mulplexing. It also describes how we get throughput 300Mbps in DL and 75Mbps in UL and what are assumptions taken to calculate the same.
Paper describes the steps and formulae to calculate the throughput for FDD system for TDD Config 1 and Config 2.
The throughput calculations shown in this paper is theoretical and limited by the assumptions taken to calculate for calculations
For RF Optimisation and neighbour verification both Scanner and UE measurements are required simultaneously
Post-Processing tool is required for data analysis
Individual call failures or drops can be analysed with Drive test tools (e.g. Nemo Outdoor) but to get bigger picture, a proper analysis tool is required
Actix or Nemo Analyser can be used for
Data analysis
Create Maps
Create KPI reports
ims registration call flow procedure volte sipVikas Shokeen
This PDF , VoLTE IMS Registration tutorial covers IMS Registration sip procedure in depth & Provides extract of 3GPP / GSMA Specs , I am covering below call flow in Depth :-
- LTE Attach & Default Internet EPS bearer
- Role of QCI-1 ( Voice ) , QCI-5 (SIP Signaling) , QCI-6 to 9 (Internet)
- Default Vs Dedicated Bearer in LTE
- Default IMS EPS bearer in LTE
- SIP and IMS Registration
- TAS Registration
In-building Solution (IBS) / Distributed Antenna System (DAS)
Small Cell Coverage within building premises
Signal is restricted inside the building
Antenna installed inside the building
Low Transmit Power of Antenna
Smaller Antenna size
Satellite IP Trunking networks provide local networks with access to the internet (or any other type of network) from a remote access point to the backbone. Providing IP Trunking and Backbone services to ISPs and Telecom operators requires constant scrutinizing of the operational expenses due to a highly competitive market with razor- thin margins.
MULTI-STATE OR RECONFIGURABLE RADIO SOLUTIONSddslideshare99
How are radio chipsets developed to handle multiple modes?
Can a chipset be configured to handle two modes in the same band (such as WiFi and Bluetooth)?
What's the state of the art in reconfigurable radios?
What is a reasonable implementation of reconfigurable radios with the scenarios expected by operators? If multiple radios are operating simultaneously, how would reconfigurability help to save size, cost, and performance in the silicon?
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
2. Cellular Market - Astounding
Subscriber Growth
• There were ~ 57 million fewer
fixed telephone lines at the end of
2009 than there were at the end
of 2006
• There were 1.9 billion net
additional mobile cellular
subscriptions between 2006 -
2009
– Over 1.6 billion of these were in the
developing world
• In many developing countries
50%+ of rural households now
have a mobile phone
2
5. Typical Hub-Spoke Network Topology
VersaFEC
Return
VersaFEC Return
VersaFEC Return
Remote
Terminals
DVB-S2 Outbound
SATCOM
Coverage
Hub
5Comtech EF Data Proprietary
Medium & Low
Data Rate/ Remote
6. How we can do better?
• Satellite Services Providers and Integrators
want to increase revenue and expand their
businesses via the implementation of new
technologies
• Typical challenges
– Achieve higher network efficiency
– Optimize limited resources available
– Reduce costs (OPEX & CAPEX) when possible
• Explore new ways to maximize the utilization of key
resources: space segment and hardware
6
Comtech EF Data Proprietary
7. Reducing Total Cost of Ownership
(TCO)
• CAPEX for a network includes
– Hub Cost
Antenna
RF
Indoor equipment
– Remote Cost
Antenna
BUC/SSPA
Indoor unit
Solar Panels, Batteries etc (for Solar Powered sites)
• OPEX includes
– Space Segment = Leased bandwidth
– Annual Maintenance Fees
7Comtech EF Data Proprietary
Operating
Expenses
Capital
Expenses
Network Operations +
Depreciation
Total Cost of Ownership
Operations &
Maintenance
Transmission
OPEX
Power
Spares/Support
Training
Site
Rental
Network
Equipment
Site
Equipment
Civil
Works
NRO
Transmission
Equipment
8. Four Pillars of Optimizing
Throughput
8
Coding Gain
Carrier in
Carrier
Technology
Adaptive
Coding and
Modulation
WAN
Optimization
9. 9
Modem Power & Bandwidth Savings
• Turbo Product Coding
– Lower Eb/No requires less power
– Higher efficiency uses less bandwidth
4.0
1.50
3/4
5.2
1.35
Viterbi
+ Reed
Solomon
Turbo
Product
Coding
Eb/No (dB)
Bandwidth Efficiency (bps/ Hz)
4.2
1.75
7/8
6.5
1.58
Viterbi
+ Reed
Solomon
Turbo
Product
Coding
Turbo
Less
BW
Turbo: Less Power
10. DVB-S2 Advantage
• Best available FEC
– Excellent coding gain
Minimize leased bandwidth
Maximize throughput
Permits smaller antenna
• Widest range of modulation and code rates
– 28 combinations allow for optimal link design for any
operating condition
QPSK, 8PSK, 16APSK and 32APSK
• Supports Adaptive Coding & Modulation (ACM) and
Variable Coding & Modulation (VCM)
• Selectable roll-off
– 20%, 25% and 35% support efficient transponder utilization
10Comtech EF Data Proprietary
11. At same C/N DVB-S2 will be 30%
more efficient than DVB-S
DVB-S
Efficiency
Curves
DVB-S2
Efficiency
Curves
11Comtech EF Data Confidential
12. Coding / FEC
(Forward Error Correction)
• Does not change your Signal to Noise ratio
• Does nothing to improve your signal quality
• FEC’s simply correct errors lost in transmission
• But not all FEC’s are created equally!
12
13. Coding / FEC
(Forward Error Correction)
• Shannon-Hartley Bound: There is a maximum bound
on the amount of error free data that can be
transmitted though a noisy transmission medium
13
Coding Type Vs. Shannon Bound
Sequential or Viterbi + 4-8 dB
Turbo Product Codes + 2-3 dB
Versa FEC + 1-2 dB
DVB-S2 LDPC+BCH + 0.7 – 1.5 dB
15. Advances in Coding Gain on:
Fixed BW Maximize Throughput
15
Viterbi + RS TPC Coding Versa FEC DVB-S2
Fixed C/N 6.0 dB 6.0 dB 6.0 dB 6.0 dB
Best Modulation /
Coding for Es/No
QPSK ½ QPSK ¾ QPSK .803 QPSK 5/6
(.827)
Spectral Efficiency 0.92 bits / Hz 1.5 bits / Hz 1.61 bits / Hz 1.65 bits / Hz
BW = SR 5.0 MHz 5.0 MHz 5.0 MHz 5.0 MHz
User Data Rate 4.6 Mbps 7.5 Mbps 8.1 Mbps 8.3 Mbps
16. VersaFEC™
• VersaFEC is a patented (covered by U.S. patents
7,353,444 and 7,415,659. Other patents pending.)
system of short-block, low latency Low Density
• Parity Check (LDPC) codes designed to support
latency-sensitive applications, such as cellular
backhaul over satellite
• Supports Adaptive Coding & Modulation (ACM)
• VersaFEC was developed by Comtech AHA in
collaboration with Comtech EF Data
VersaFEC is a Trademark of Comtech AHA
16Comtech EF Data Proprietary
17. VersaFEC Modulation & Code Rates
• VersaFEC supports 12 different modulation and code
rates for ACM and CCM
Modulation
Code
Rate
Spectral
efficiency
(bps/Hz)
Block
Size
(bits)
Eb/No
(typical)
Es/No
(Typical)
64 kbps 128 kbps 256 kbps 512 kbps
BPSK 0.488 0.49 2k 2.4 dB -0.7 dB 26.0 13.0 6.5 3.3
QPSK 0.533 1.07 4.1k 2.2 dB 2.5 dB 53.0 26.5 13.3 6.6
QPSK 0.631 1.26 4.1k 2.7 dB 3.7 dB 59.0 29.5 14.8 7.4
QPSK 0.706 1.41 4.1k 3.4 dB 4.9 dB 62.0 31.0 15.5 7.8
QPSK 0.803 1.61 4.1k 3.8 dB 5.9 dB 66.0 33.0 16.5 8.3
8-QAM 0.642 1.93 6.1k 4.6 dB 7.5 dB 89.0 44.5 22.3 11.1
8-QAM 0.711 2.13 6.1k 5.2 dB 8.5 dB 93.0 46.5 23.3 11.6
8-QAM 0.780 2.34 6.1k 5.6 dB 9.3 dB 97.0 48.5 24.3 12.1
16-QAM 0.731 2.93 8.2k 6.3 dB 11.0 dB 125.0 62.5 31.3 15.6
16-QAM 0.780 3.12 8.2k 7.0 dB 11.9 dB 129.0 64.5 32.3 16.1
16-QAM 0.829 3.32 8.2k 7.5 dB 12.7 dB 131.0 65.5 32.8 16.4
16-QAM 0.853 3.41 8.2k 8.0 dB 13.3 dB 132.0 66.0 33.0 16.5
End-to-End Latency (ms)
Performance
(BER = 5.0E-8)
17Comtech EF Data Proprietary
18. 1
10
100
1000
10000
64 128 256 512 1024 2048
Latency(ms)
Data Rate (kbps)
VersaFEC
DVB-S2 Short Block
DVB-S2 Normal Block
VersaFEC Latency vs. DVB-S2
8-PSK 3/4 (DVB-S2)
8-QAM 0.78 (VersaFEC)
18Comtech EF Data Proprietary
95% lower latency
compared to DVB-S2
short block while
maintaining coding
efficiency
256 kbps Return
VersaFEC ~ 23 ms
DVB-S2 (Short) ~ 400 ms
DVB-S2 (Normal) ~ 800 ms
19. Four Pillars of Optimizing
Throughput
19
Coding Gain
Carrier in
Carrier
Technology
Adaptive
Coding and
Modulation
WAN
Optimization
20. DoubleTalk® Carrier-in-Carrier®
• Based on patented “Adaptive Cancellation”, Carrier-
in-Carrier (CnC) allows carriers in a Duplex satellite
link to occupy the same transponder space
20
Without DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier With DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier
Carrier-in-Carrier is a Registered Trademark of Comtech EF Data
DoubleTalk is a Registered Trademark of Applied Signal Technology, Inc.
21. Carrier-in-Carrier Bandwidth
Compression
• “Carrier canceller” can be used at Hub side for
Carrier-in-Carrier bandwidth compression
• Carrier cancellation is NOT required at the Remote
21Comtech EF Data Proprietary
Without Carrier-in-Carrier With Carrier-in-Carrier
22. Four Pillars of Optimizing
Throughput
22
Coding Gain
Carrier in
Carrier
Technology
Adaptive
Coding and
Modulation
WAN
Optimization
23. What is ACM ?
• Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) is a technique that
allows for automatic change in Modulation and FEC Code
Rate in response to changing link conditions
• Symbol Rate and Transmit Power are fixed and the data
rate changes as the modulation and code rate are changed
– ACM carriers use fixed bandwidth and power on the
transponder
• Optimizes channel coding and modulation on a frame-by-
frame basis
– Allows each remote to operate optimally subject to
antenna size, location within the footprint, rain fade and
other impairments
23
24. What is ACM ? (cont’d)
• A packet based terrestrial interface (e.g. IP/ Ethernet)
that can adapt to data rate changes is required for
ACM operation
• ACM can maximize throughput under all conditions
– Rain fade
– Inclined orbit satellite operation
– Antenna pointing error
– System Noise
– Interference
– Other impairments
24
Available Capacity Without ACM (Fixed Margin)
5 Mbps
4 Mbps
3 Mbps
2 Mbps
1 Mbps
0 Mbps
User Traffic
1:00
Time
1:15
1:30
1:45
2:00
2:15
2:30
2:45
3:00
3:15
Additional Capacity From ACM
25. Four Pillars of Optimizing
Throughput
25
Coding Gain
Carrier in
Carrier
Technology
Adaptive
Coding and
Modulation
WAN
Optimization
26. Enhanced Generic Stream
Encapsulation
Key Advantages
• Low Overhead Encapsulation
– Enhanced GSE for the shared outbound
70-80% more efficient compared to MPE (used by DVB-RCS)
20-30% more efficient compared to GSE
26Comtech EF Data Proprietary
27. 0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
64 128 192 256 320 384 448 512
EncapsulationOverhead
IP Datagram Size (bytes)
MPE
GSE
CEFD EGSE
Enhanced GSE
Key Advantages
• Low overhead encapsulation for Outbound
Voice traffic
27Comtech EF Data Proprietary
Comtech’s Enhanced GSE
70-80% more efficient than MPE
20-30% more efficient than GSE
28. Streamline Encapsulation
Key Advantages
• Low Overhead Encapsulation
– Ultra low overhead Streamline Encapsulation
(SLE) for the return
Patent pending (CEFD)
Reduces encapsulation overhead by
– as much as 65% compared to HDLC
– as much as 95% compared to AAL5 used in DVB-RCS
– as much as 90% compared to proprietary framing used by
other VSATs
28Comtech EF Data Proprietary
29. Comtech Proprietary & Confidential
29
IP Header Compression
• Reduces the Layer 2, 3, 4 header to a few bytes
• Reduce IP (VoIP) bandwidth by 60 - 65%
– G.729 (8Kbps) voice codec compressed from 24 - 32 Kbps to
8/5 (12 Kbps including O/H).
• It can reduce 40 byte IP/UDP/RTP header to as
little as 1 byte.
• For TCP/IP, 40 byte is reduced to as little as 3
bytes.
• Configurable on a per route basis
• Reduce Web/HTTP traffic by 10%
30. 30
Payload Compression
• Can reduce payload
size by 40 – 50 %
• Configurable on a per
route basis
• Example of savings
IP
20 Bytes
UDP
8 Bytes
RTP
12 Bytes
CH
2-4 bytes
Payload
(Variable Size)
Payload
(Variable Size)
Compression
Traffic Without Payload Compression With Payload Compression
File Transfer, Web, etc. 2 Mbps
2Mbps * 60% = 1.2 Mbps
Savings = 800 kbps
2 Mbps 2 Mbps
1.2 Mbps
31. K4 GZIP “Payload Compression”
• K4 GZIP is lossless compression: Bits In = Bits Out
• GZIP searches for matches current data against
previous data
• Decompressor has identical history buffer is able to
exactly reconstruct the original sequence
• K4 GZIP compression will work with any data
interface, CCM, ACM, CnC or any combination
• Benefit will vary with data type: web pages, text,
documents, email vs. compressed voice and video
(various packet sizes)
• Pattern recognition: 20 bytes of data is represented
by 12 bytes => 40% Savings
31
32. Recap on Key Advantages:
1L, 2L & 3L Optimization
• Designed to provide the most efficient:
– Physical layer without compromising latency
Industry leading DVB-S2 and VersaFEC low-latency LDPC
FEC
ACM (bi-directional) and VCM
CinC technology
– Link layer
Low overhead Enhanced GSE and Ultra-low overhead
Streamline Encapsulation
– IP & higher layer transport
2nd generation hardware-based lossless payload compression
Header compression
Embedded RAN Optimization option for remote terminals
Comtech EF Data Proprietary 32
33. What’s new?
• The new optimization approach previously described
can be found in our new product: “Advanced VSAT
Series”
• The following is a brief description of key features
and characteristics of the “CDM-800s Product Line”
33Comtech EF Data Proprietary
34. Comtech and Memotec combined
34
L1Power and bandwidth optimization (superior
modulation/FEC and CinC)
Technology Benefit
Lower OPEX (less bandwidth)
Lower CAPEX (smaller dish, less RF)
L2
Framing of traffic (Ultra low overhead GSE,
Streamline Packet. etc), SLE (vice HDLC)
Lowest percentage of user traffic is lost to
overhead. ( less bits = less OPEX)
E1/E2/E3
Supporting single or multiple E1 with clock
extension
Customer interface transparency (enabling
services)HC PC
IPIP support with Header and Payload compression
Reduces customer traffic to bear minimum (perfect
for VoIP and Html traffic)
RAN
Optimization
Optimizes cellular traffic via traffic redundancy
elimination and compression
Reduces amount of traffic needed to support
cellular traffic by 50%
Building value - one layer at a time.
Comtech EF Data Confidential
IP Opt
IP upper layer optimization (acceleration and
caching
Reduces bandwidth and speeds up user
experience when transporting IP over VSAT.
35. The Advanced VSAT Series
CDM-800 Gateway Router
CDM-840 Remote Router
CDD-880 Multi-Receiver Router
CXU-810 RAN Optimizer
35Comtech EF Data Proprietary
38. Key Advantages: Flexible & Scalable
• Minimal hardware options
– CDM-800
Payload compression card
AC or DC Power Supply
– CDD-880
Demodulator cards
AC or DC power supply
– CDM-840
BUC power supply
AC or DC power supply
– ACM/VCM Controller
For larger networks and higher
data rates
• FAST Upgrade
– DVB-S2 from 15 Mbps to
168 Mbps
– VersaFEC from 256 kbps
to 15.35 Mbps
– Header & payload
compression options
– QoS options (DiffServ)
– ACM/VCM
Comtech EF Data Proprietary 38
• Highly scalable and flexible platform that can
grow with the network
39. Advanced VSAT Series
Key Advantages
• Advanced Forward Error Correction (FEC) for
maximum bandwidth efficiency
– DVB-S2 for the shared outbound
– VersaFEC® short-block low latency LDPC for the return
channels
• Adaptive Coding & Modulation (ACM)
– Available for outbound and return
– Maximizes network efficiency and availability
• Variable Coding & Modulation (VCM)
– Allows different levels of protection and quality of service for
different applications and user groups
39Comtech EF Data Proprietary
40. Advanced VSAT Series
Key Advantages
• Superior availability and service quality
– Improved availability
Advanced FEC with ACM/VCM provide additional
throughput and margin to cope with fade and other
impairments
– Lowest Latency
VersaFEC provides lowest latency for return links while
providing excellent coding gain
– Lowest Jitter
Significantly better jitter performance without the need for
excessive buffering, and segmentation and reassembly
40Comtech EF Data Proprietary
41. Quality of Service (Q0S)
• The Advanced VSAT Series supports multi-level QoS to ensure
the highest quality service with minimal jitter and latency for
real-time traffic, priority treatment of mission critical applications
and maximum bandwidth efficiency.
• Supported modes are:
– DiffServ – Industry-standard method of providing QoS
enabling seamless co-existence in networks that implement
DiffServ
– Max/Priority – Provides multi-level traffic prioritization with
the ability to limit maximum traffic per priority class
– Min/Max – Provides a Committed Information Rate (CIR) to
each user defined class of traffic with the ability to allow a
higher burstable rate depending on availability
41
42. Typical 2G / 3G Network – E1 & IP
42
32 E1
32 E1
BSC
RNC
CXU-810 RAN Optimizer
Internet/
Intranet
CDM-840 Remote
Router
E1
GE
BTS
Node-B
GigE
CDD-880 Multi-Receiver
Router
-
CDM-800 Gateway Router
Comtech RF
Up to 168 Mbps
Shared Outbound
CDM-840 Remote
Router
E1
GE
BTS
Node-B
CDM-840 Remote
Router
E1
GE
BTS
Node-B
Comtech EF Data Proprietary
NMS
43. Typical 2G / 3G Network – All IP
43
CDD-880 Multi-Receiver
Router
-
CDM-800 Gateway Router
BSC
RNC
Comtech RF
CDM-840 Remote
Router
BTS
Node-B
GE
Up to 168 Mbps
Shared Outbound
Internet/
Intranet
CDM-840 Remote
Router
BTS
Node-B
GE
CDM-840 Remote
Router
BTS
Node-B
GE
Comtech EF Data Proprietary
GigE
NMS
44. Typical Data Network
44Comtech EF Data Proprietary
GigabitEthernet
DVB-S2
O
utbound
VersaFEC
Return
CDD-880 Multi-Receiver Router
CDM-800 Gateway Router GigE
CDM-840 Remote
Router
GigE
CDM-840 Remote
Router
GigE
CDM-840 Remote
Router
Internet/
Intranet
WAN Optimization/
Application Acceleration
NMS
45. Solar Powered Outdoor Base Station
45
< 50 Watts
Low Power
BUC
ODM-840
Micro
Outdoor
BTS
Comtech EF Data Proprietary
46. Companion Products
• Network Management System
• ACM/VCM Controller
• CLO-10 for Hub side BW
Cancellation (Carrier-in-Carrier)
• Memotec’s CX-U Series for
2G/3G RAN Optimization
• Stampede’s FX Series WAN
Optimization and Application
Acceleration
Comtech EF Data Proprietary 46
47. The Advanced VSAT Series
• Builds on Comtech EF Data’s legacy of
providing the most efficient SATCOM solutions
• Provides a superior alternative to those
requiring high performance, high quality
services in a Hub-Spoke environment
– Cellular backhaul with RAN Optimization
– Corporate networks
– Internet access (ISP)
– Maritime & Offshore communications
– Govt. & Defense communications
– Universal Service Obligation (USO) networks
47Comtech EF Data Proprietary
48. Advanced SATCOM Solutions
• Comtech EF Data is the leading provider of Advanced
SATCOM Solutions
Oil & Gas
High Speed
Communications
Maritime
Cellular Backhaul
Disaster Recovery /
Emergency Services
Government & Defense
Communications
48Comtech EF Data Proprietary
49. Management
• Devices can be managed using
– SNMP
– Web browser
• Network Management System
– Powered by COMPASS
Comtech EF Data Proprietary 49
51. Advanced VSAT NMS
• Based on industry leading Newpoint Compass
Monitor and Control System
• Licensed by number of devices to be supported from
a server
• Every system includes full Compass software
• 5 concurrent TrueNorth user interface licenses
• SNMP Manager
• 2 Year Warranty
51Comtech EF Data Proprietary
52. Technology Leadership
• Comtech EF Data has a long tradition of being a
technology and market leader in the SATCOM
industry
– First to offer Turbo Product Codes (TPC)
– First to offer Low Density parity Check Codes (LDPC)
– First to offer 8-QAM Modulation
– First to offer 64-QAM Modulation
– First to offer DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier
– First to offer VersaFEC short-block low latency LDPC
– First to offer Payload compression in a satellite modem
– First to offer Header compression in a satellite modem
– First to offer ultra low overhead Streamline Encapsulation
(SLE)
52Comtech EF Data Proprietary
53. Optimized Backhaul Solutions Allow for Cost-Effective
Satellite Extension to the Microwave Infrastructure
53
BW Comparative backhaul advantage
+ 6 E1
6 E1 Microwave
5 E1
4 E1
3 E1
2 E1 Satellite
1 E1
1/2 E1
50 100 300 500 +500distance (km)
Relative Bandwidth (%) – for same data rate
-110-100-90-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-100102030405060708090100110
16QAM 7/8
16QAM 3/4
8PSK 5/6
8PSK 2/3
QPSK 7/8
QPSK 3/4
QPSK 1/2
QPSK 1/2 = 100%
Without DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier
With DoubleTalk Carrier-in-Carrier
56. Comtech EF Data
2114 West 7th Street
Tempe, AZ 85281
USA
Tel +1.480.333.2200
FAX +1.480.333.2540
sales@comtechefdata.com
www.comtechefdata.com
CEFD Latin America
Lewis Cunnigham
Sr. Sales Director
Marcos Jannuzzi Johnny Marmolejos
Sales Director / Brazil Sr. Sales Engineer