Computer hıstory
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This document provides a brief history of computer science from ancient tools like the abacus to modern concepts. It discusses early developments like Gottfried Leibnitz's binary system in 1703 and Joseph Marie Jacquard's punch card controlled loom in 1801. It also covers the definition of computers as human clerks before the 1920s, the development of analog and digital computers, Norbert Wiener's coinage of the term "cybernetics" in 1948, and the common story of the first computer "bug" being a moth found in the Harvard Mark II in 1947.
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Computer history 2 2010
The document provides a chronological overview of milestones in the development of computing technology from 2500 BCE to 1939:
- The abacus, developed in China around 2500 BCE, was the first tool used for calculation. Static electricity was described by the Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus around 600 BCE.
- The Romans used an abacus with pebbles in 500 BCE. The slide rule was invented in 1633. Blaise Pascal invented the mechanical adding machine in 1642.
- Gottfried Leibniz developed a gear-based calculating machine in 1671. Charles Babbage invented the first programmable mechanical computer, the Analytical Engine, in 1833.
-
History of computers - Ancient
This document provides a summary of the history of early computers from ancient counting tools like the Ishango bone dated to 20,000 BC to the development of Boolean logic in the 19th century. Some of the key events and inventions discussed include the abacus from 2500 BC, the Antikythera mechanism from 150-100 BC, the Pascaline mechanical calculator from 1642, Gottfried Leibniz's Stepped Reckoner mechanical calculator from 1672-1694, Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine design from 1837, the first general purpose programmable computer, Ada Lovelace's notes on the Analytical Engine which are considered the first computer program, George Boole's development of
History of computers
The history of computers began with early calculating devices like the abacus. In the 17th-18th centuries, people developed mechanical aids for calculation like the slide rule. The first true calculating machines appeared in the 19th century using gears. Charles Babbage designed an "Analytical Engine" in the 1830s but it was never completed. In the 20th century, digital computers were developed using vacuum tubes and transistors, leading to generations of increasingly faster computers using integrated circuits. Today's fourth-generation computers are 50 times faster than third-generation computers.
History of computers
The document traces the history of computing from ancient counting machines like the abacus and Roman numerals to early mechanical computers in the 1600s-1800s like Pascal's calculator and Babbage's analytical engine. It then discusses the development of punched card systems and electrical counting machines in the early 1900s, including Howard Aiken's Mark I and the first general purpose computers like EDVAC and UNIVAC in the 1940s-1950s. The transistor and integrated circuit inventions of the mid-1900s helped computers transition from mechanical and vacuum tube technologies to modern electronics.
History of computers 2
This presentation tells us about the history of computers and how it originated. This presentation also tells us about the various timeline of computers.
evolution of computers
Since ancient times, humans have worked to develop tools to help with tasks like counting and calculations. The abacus, invented over 4,000 years ago in China, was one of the earliest counting devices, allowing easier addition and subtraction. Later inventions included Pascal's calculator in 1642, the first mechanical calculator; Leibniz's calculator in 1673, which could also multiply and find square roots; and Jacquard's loom in 1801, which used punch cards to automate patterns in textile production. These early electromechanical devices paved the way for computers.
History of computers
The document provides a brief history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes early mechanical calculators invented by Pascal and Leibniz in the 1600s-1700s. Punched card systems were developed in the early 1800s to program textile looms, inspiring Charles Babbage's analytical engine, an early general-purpose computer. In the 1900s, electromechanical computers were developed including the Harvard Mark I and ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic digital computer. The stored-program architecture was developed by John von Neumann, separating the processor and memory. This led to mainframe, supercomputer, personal computer, smartphone, and modern smart devices.
Introduction to Computing Lecture 01 history of computers
Slides Include history of computers ,historical background of computer ,generations of computer ,introduction to computers ,computer history ,abacus, earliest computing devices, introduction to computing, introduction to computers, historical background of computers
Content Credits: Arthur Glenn(SlideShare.net)
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Computer history 2 2010
The document provides a chronological overview of milestones in the development of computing technology from 2500 BCE to 1939:
- The abacus, developed in China around 2500 BCE, was the first tool used for calculation. Static electricity was described by the Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus around 600 BCE.
- The Romans used an abacus with pebbles in 500 BCE. The slide rule was invented in 1633. Blaise Pascal invented the mechanical adding machine in 1642.
- Gottfried Leibniz developed a gear-based calculating machine in 1671. Charles Babbage invented the first programmable mechanical computer, the Analytical Engine, in 1833.
-
History of computers - Ancient
This document provides a summary of the history of early computers from ancient counting tools like the Ishango bone dated to 20,000 BC to the development of Boolean logic in the 19th century. Some of the key events and inventions discussed include the abacus from 2500 BC, the Antikythera mechanism from 150-100 BC, the Pascaline mechanical calculator from 1642, Gottfried Leibniz's Stepped Reckoner mechanical calculator from 1672-1694, Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine design from 1837, the first general purpose programmable computer, Ada Lovelace's notes on the Analytical Engine which are considered the first computer program, George Boole's development of
History of computers
The history of computers began with early calculating devices like the abacus. In the 17th-18th centuries, people developed mechanical aids for calculation like the slide rule. The first true calculating machines appeared in the 19th century using gears. Charles Babbage designed an "Analytical Engine" in the 1830s but it was never completed. In the 20th century, digital computers were developed using vacuum tubes and transistors, leading to generations of increasingly faster computers using integrated circuits. Today's fourth-generation computers are 50 times faster than third-generation computers.
History of computers
The document traces the history of computing from ancient counting machines like the abacus and Roman numerals to early mechanical computers in the 1600s-1800s like Pascal's calculator and Babbage's analytical engine. It then discusses the development of punched card systems and electrical counting machines in the early 1900s, including Howard Aiken's Mark I and the first general purpose computers like EDVAC and UNIVAC in the 1940s-1950s. The transistor and integrated circuit inventions of the mid-1900s helped computers transition from mechanical and vacuum tube technologies to modern electronics.
History of computers 2
This presentation tells us about the history of computers and how it originated. This presentation also tells us about the various timeline of computers.
evolution of computers
Since ancient times, humans have worked to develop tools to help with tasks like counting and calculations. The abacus, invented over 4,000 years ago in China, was one of the earliest counting devices, allowing easier addition and subtraction. Later inventions included Pascal's calculator in 1642, the first mechanical calculator; Leibniz's calculator in 1673, which could also multiply and find square roots; and Jacquard's loom in 1801, which used punch cards to automate patterns in textile production. These early electromechanical devices paved the way for computers.
History of computers
The document provides a brief history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes early mechanical calculators invented by Pascal and Leibniz in the 1600s-1700s. Punched card systems were developed in the early 1800s to program textile looms, inspiring Charles Babbage's analytical engine, an early general-purpose computer. In the 1900s, electromechanical computers were developed including the Harvard Mark I and ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic digital computer. The stored-program architecture was developed by John von Neumann, separating the processor and memory. This led to mainframe, supercomputer, personal computer, smartphone, and modern smart devices.
Introduction to Computing Lecture 01 history of computers
Slides Include history of computers ,historical background of computer ,generations of computer ,introduction to computers ,computer history ,abacus, earliest computing devices, introduction to computing, introduction to computers, historical background of computers
Content Credits: Arthur Glenn(SlideShare.net)
History of computers
Tells you about the History of computers. The various time periods in which the different types of computers were made by decreasing the size of the components used in the computers and increasing the various features in it.
History of computers
Humans have performed arithmetic calculations since prehistoric times using methods like counting on fingers. The development of number systems allowed early civilizations to track astronomical cycles and business dealings, giving rise to the concept of "computing". As calculating tools advanced from manual to electronic methods, the first computers emerged. During the early stages of development, notable calculating machines included Napier's Bones for multiplication, the slide rule, Pascal's rotating wheel calculator, Babbage's Difference Engine, and Hollerith's punched card tabulating machine. These inventions marked progress toward the electronic computers of today.
history & ages of computer
- The document traces the history of computing from early counting methods like the abacus to modern computers. It outlines three ages of computing: the Dark Age from 3000 BC to 1890 which included early counting devices, the Middle Age from 1890 to 1944 which saw the development of mechanical calculators and punch card systems, and the Modern Age since 1944 which brought electronic stored-program computers like ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic computer. Key individuals and their inventions throughout computing history are also mentioned such as Charles Babbage, Herman Hollerith, John von Neumann, and the first commercial computer, UNIVAC.
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The document traces the evolution of computers from early calculating devices like the abacus through modern digital computers. It discusses early pioneers and inventions like the Pascaline, Analytical Engine, Hollerith's tabulating machine, ENIAC, and UNIVAC. The development of binary systems, stored programs, and transistors marked key transitions to modern digital computing.
Evolu
The document traces the evolution of computers from early calculating devices like the abacus to modern digital computers. It discusses early pioneers like Charles Babbage who conceptualized programmable computers in the 1800s using punched cards as input. The first computer program was written by Ada Lovelace for Babbage's Analytical Engine. Electronic computers were developed in the 1940s, with ENIAC being the first general purpose electronic computer. The stored program concept was introduced by John von Neumann, allowing programs and data to be stored in computer memory. The invention of the transistor ushered in smaller, cheaper computers.
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The document traces the development of the computer from ancient counting tools like the abacus to modern general purpose computers. It outlines several important early inventions and innovations such as Napier's logarithms, Pascal's mechanical adding machine, Babbage's analytical engine which established the principles of modern computers, and Hollerith's punched card tabulator. A key development was the Mark 1, completed in 1943, which was the first general purpose computer able to perform calculations.
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The document discusses the history and components of computers. It notes that the first mechanical calculator was invented in 1642 by Blaise Pascal and was later improved by Gottfried Leibniz to include multiplication. The first digital electronic computer was developed between 1937-1942 by John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry at Iowa State University, called the Atanasoff-Berry Computer. The modern definition of "computer" refers to a machine that can be programmed to carry out calculations. The document predicts that future computers will be able to simulate the sense of touch through sensors and transmit tactile feedback to users.
History of computers
The document provides a history of computers from ancient calculating devices like the abacus to early modern computers. It describes inventions like Napier's Bones, the slide rule, Pascal's calculator, and the stepped reckoner that helped advance calculating capabilities. Punched cards were introduced that could store data and instructions. Figures like Babbage, Hollerith, and Von Neumann then developed early programmable computers like the Mark I, ENIAC, and EDVAC. The first computer for commercial use was the UNIVAC, which was given to the US Bureau of Census in 1951.
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The document provides a detailed history of the development of computing from ancient times through the modern era. It discusses early counting devices like the abacus, followed by mechanical calculators in the 1500s-1800s. Punched cards and programmable computers using vacuum tubes were developed in the 1930s-40s. The stored program concept was pioneered in the 1940s, leading to general purpose computers. The invention of the microprocessor in the 1970s enabled the personal computer revolution. The document also summarizes the development of the Internet from early concepts in the 1960s to the creation of ARPANET in the late 1960s.
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The document provides a history of computers from the 18th century to present day. It describes early mechanical calculating machines and how pioneers like Charles Babbage, Ada Lovelace, and Alan Turing contributed innovative ideas. Major developments included the first programmable computer by Atanasoff and Berry in 1941, the invention of the transistor in 1947, integrated circuits in 1958, the microprocessor in the 1970s, and the creation of personal computers in the 1970s led by Apple and IBM. The document traces the evolution of computers from specialized machines to ubiquitous technology and the development of operating systems, networking, software, and wireless connectivity.
best buy computer.pdf
This document provides an overview of the history and evolution of computers. It discusses how early mechanical devices such as the abacus aided calculations before the development of modern digital computers. Some key points mentioned include:
- The Antikythera mechanism from ancient Greece, dating back to around 100 BC, is considered one of the earliest known mechanical analog computers.
- In the 17th century, devices like the slide rule and mechanical calculators were invented to help with mathematical operations.
- In the 19th century, machines began being developed to aid with tasks like navigation and predicting tides.
- The foundations for modern digital computers were established in the 1930s-40s with the development of programmable electronic devices
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The document provides a historical overview of the evolution of computing from ancient times to the present. It discusses four periods: 1) The Pre-Mechanical Age, from 3000 BC to 1450 AD, when early numbering systems, writing, and mechanical calculators like the abacus were developed. 2) The Mechanical Age from 1450-1840, bringing advances like printing, logarithms, and early mechanical calculators. 3) The Electromechanical Age from 1840-1940 saw electricity harnessed for telecommunications and electromechanical machines. 4) The Electronic Age from 1941 onward led to programmable, stored-program computers like Z3, Mark I, and ABC.
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The document discusses the history and development of computers from ancient counting devices to modern digital computers. It describes how early mechanical devices like the abacus aided calculations and how pioneers like Charles Babbage conceptualized programmable computers in the 1800s but the technology of the time prevented their full realization. The first modern computers were developed in the 1940s and were digital and electronic rather than mechanical. The document traces the important milestones in the evolution of computing technology over thousands of years.
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The document provides a detailed history of computers from early counting devices like the abacus to modern digital computers. It describes how early mechanical computers were developed to aid in calculations, including Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine, considered the first general-purpose computer design. The document also discusses the rise of programmable digital computers in the 1940s and their increasing speeds and capabilities driven by advances in electronics.
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This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and Zuse and important developments like the ENIAC, the stored-program computer concept, and integrated circuits. The objectives are to explain the functional components of computers, characteristics of computers like speed and storage, and concepts like algorithms, problem solving, and computer applications.
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The document provides a detailed history of computing from ancient civilizations through the present day. It describes the early developments in logic and mathematics by ancient Greeks, Egyptians, Babylonians and others. Major milestones included Pascal's mechanical calculator in the 1600s, Babbage's analytical engine design in the 1830s-40s, Hollerith's census tabulating machines in the 1880s, and the first general purpose programmable computers developed during World War II like the Mark 1, ENIAC and Colossus. The document then outlines the major generations of computing technology from vacuum tubes and transistors to integrated circuits and personal computers.
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The first computers were human "computers", predominantly women, who performed calculations by hand. Early mechanical aids included the abacus and Napier's Bones. The first programmable digital computer was the Harvard Mark I, built in 1944. The ENIAC, completed in 1946, was the first fully electronic general-purpose computer. The integrated circuit, invented in 1958, led to smaller, more powerful computers and the development of the microprocessor in the 1970s enabled personal computers. Bill Gates left Harvard to start Microsoft and write software for the Intel-based IBM PC, launched in 1981, which popularized personal computing.
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The document summarizes the history and evolution of computers from the early mechanical calculators operated by human "computers" through the development of modern electronic digital computers. Key developments included Charles Babbage's proposed analytical engine in the 1800s, Herman Hollerith's use of punched cards to mechanize census counting in the late 1800s, the first general-purpose electronic computers like ENIAC in the 1940s, the invention of the stored-program concept in the 1940s-50s, the development of transistors and integrated circuits which made computers smaller and faster from the 1950s-1970s, and the invention of the microprocessor which enabled personal computers.
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This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
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Tells you about the History of computers. The various time periods in which the different types of computers were made by decreasing the size of the components used in the computers and increasing the various features in it.
History of computers
Humans have performed arithmetic calculations since prehistoric times using methods like counting on fingers. The development of number systems allowed early civilizations to track astronomical cycles and business dealings, giving rise to the concept of "computing". As calculating tools advanced from manual to electronic methods, the first computers emerged. During the early stages of development, notable calculating machines included Napier's Bones for multiplication, the slide rule, Pascal's rotating wheel calculator, Babbage's Difference Engine, and Hollerith's punched card tabulating machine. These inventions marked progress toward the electronic computers of today.
history & ages of computer
- The document traces the history of computing from early counting methods like the abacus to modern computers. It outlines three ages of computing: the Dark Age from 3000 BC to 1890 which included early counting devices, the Middle Age from 1890 to 1944 which saw the development of mechanical calculators and punch card systems, and the Modern Age since 1944 which brought electronic stored-program computers like ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic computer. Key individuals and their inventions throughout computing history are also mentioned such as Charles Babbage, Herman Hollerith, John von Neumann, and the first commercial computer, UNIVAC.
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The document traces the evolution of computers from early calculating devices like the abacus through modern digital computers. It discusses early pioneers and inventions like the Pascaline, Analytical Engine, Hollerith's tabulating machine, ENIAC, and UNIVAC. The development of binary systems, stored programs, and transistors marked key transitions to modern digital computing.
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The document traces the evolution of computers from early calculating devices like the abacus to modern digital computers. It discusses early pioneers like Charles Babbage who conceptualized programmable computers in the 1800s using punched cards as input. The first computer program was written by Ada Lovelace for Babbage's Analytical Engine. Electronic computers were developed in the 1940s, with ENIAC being the first general purpose electronic computer. The stored program concept was introduced by John von Neumann, allowing programs and data to be stored in computer memory. The invention of the transistor ushered in smaller, cheaper computers.
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The document traces the development of the computer from ancient counting tools like the abacus to modern general purpose computers. It outlines several important early inventions and innovations such as Napier's logarithms, Pascal's mechanical adding machine, Babbage's analytical engine which established the principles of modern computers, and Hollerith's punched card tabulator. A key development was the Mark 1, completed in 1943, which was the first general purpose computer able to perform calculations.
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The document discusses the history and components of computers. It notes that the first mechanical calculator was invented in 1642 by Blaise Pascal and was later improved by Gottfried Leibniz to include multiplication. The first digital electronic computer was developed between 1937-1942 by John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry at Iowa State University, called the Atanasoff-Berry Computer. The modern definition of "computer" refers to a machine that can be programmed to carry out calculations. The document predicts that future computers will be able to simulate the sense of touch through sensors and transmit tactile feedback to users.
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The document provides a history of computers from ancient calculating devices like the abacus to early modern computers. It describes inventions like Napier's Bones, the slide rule, Pascal's calculator, and the stepped reckoner that helped advance calculating capabilities. Punched cards were introduced that could store data and instructions. Figures like Babbage, Hollerith, and Von Neumann then developed early programmable computers like the Mark I, ENIAC, and EDVAC. The first computer for commercial use was the UNIVAC, which was given to the US Bureau of Census in 1951.
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The document provides a detailed history of the development of computing from ancient times through the modern era. It discusses early counting devices like the abacus, followed by mechanical calculators in the 1500s-1800s. Punched cards and programmable computers using vacuum tubes were developed in the 1930s-40s. The stored program concept was pioneered in the 1940s, leading to general purpose computers. The invention of the microprocessor in the 1970s enabled the personal computer revolution. The document also summarizes the development of the Internet from early concepts in the 1960s to the creation of ARPANET in the late 1960s.
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This document provides an overview of the history and evolution of computers. It discusses how early mechanical devices such as the abacus aided calculations before the development of modern digital computers. Some key points mentioned include:
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The document provides a historical overview of the evolution of computing from ancient times to the present. It discusses four periods: 1) The Pre-Mechanical Age, from 3000 BC to 1450 AD, when early numbering systems, writing, and mechanical calculators like the abacus were developed. 2) The Mechanical Age from 1450-1840, bringing advances like printing, logarithms, and early mechanical calculators. 3) The Electromechanical Age from 1840-1940 saw electricity harnessed for telecommunications and electromechanical machines. 4) The Electronic Age from 1941 onward led to programmable, stored-program computers like Z3, Mark I, and ABC.
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The document discusses the history and development of computers from ancient counting devices to modern digital computers. It describes how early mechanical devices like the abacus aided calculations and how pioneers like Charles Babbage conceptualized programmable computers in the 1800s but the technology of the time prevented their full realization. The first modern computers were developed in the 1940s and were digital and electronic rather than mechanical. The document traces the important milestones in the evolution of computing technology over thousands of years.
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The document summarizes key events and innovations in the history of computers from ancient times to the present. It describes the abacus from 3000 BC, the slide rule from 1622, early mechanical calculators and computers from the 1600s-1800s, the first general purpose computer designed by Charles Babbage in 1833, the first digital computer ENIAC from 1946, the first commercial computer UNIVAC from 1952, and the development of integrated circuits, microprocessors and personal computers that ushered in newer generations from the 1960s onward.
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The document provides a detailed history of computers from early counting devices like the abacus to modern digital computers. It describes how early mechanical computers were developed to aid in calculations, including Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine, considered the first general-purpose computer design. The document also discusses the rise of programmable digital computers in the 1940s and their increasing speeds and capabilities driven by advances in electronics.
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This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and Zuse and important developments like the ENIAC, the stored-program computer concept, and integrated circuits. The objectives are to explain the functional components of computers, characteristics of computers like speed and storage, and concepts like algorithms, problem solving, and computer applications.
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The document provides a detailed history of computing from ancient civilizations through the present day. It describes the early developments in logic and mathematics by ancient Greeks, Egyptians, Babylonians and others. Major milestones included Pascal's mechanical calculator in the 1600s, Babbage's analytical engine design in the 1830s-40s, Hollerith's census tabulating machines in the 1880s, and the first general purpose programmable computers developed during World War II like the Mark 1, ENIAC and Colossus. The document then outlines the major generations of computing technology from vacuum tubes and transistors to integrated circuits and personal computers.
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The first computers were human "computers", predominantly women, who performed calculations by hand. Early mechanical aids included the abacus and Napier's Bones. The first programmable digital computer was the Harvard Mark I, built in 1944. The ENIAC, completed in 1946, was the first fully electronic general-purpose computer. The integrated circuit, invented in 1958, led to smaller, more powerful computers and the development of the microprocessor in the 1970s enabled personal computers. Bill Gates left Harvard to start Microsoft and write software for the Intel-based IBM PC, launched in 1981, which popularized personal computing.
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The document summarizes the history and evolution of computers from the early mechanical calculators operated by human "computers" through the development of modern electronic digital computers. Key developments included Charles Babbage's proposed analytical engine in the 1800s, Herman Hollerith's use of punched cards to mechanize census counting in the late 1800s, the first general-purpose electronic computers like ENIAC in the 1940s, the invention of the stored-program concept in the 1940s-50s, the development of transistors and integrated circuits which made computers smaller and faster from the 1950s-1970s, and the invention of the microprocessor which enabled personal computers.
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This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
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This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
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The document provides a history of the evolution of computers from ancient times to modern digital computers. It discusses early mechanical calculating devices like the abacus and slide rule. Important early pioneers in computer development included Charles Babbage, who designed mechanical general-purpose computers in the 1800s called the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine, and Herman Hollerith, who developed punched cards. The first electronic general-purpose computers developed in the 1940s included the ENIAC and EDVAC, which were based on the concept of the stored program developed by John von Neumann. The invention of the transistor and microchip led to smaller, cheaper computers and the development of personal computers in subsequent generations.
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The Four Basic Periods of Computer History
The four basic periods of computer history can be divided into the following:
Pre-mechanical Age – it involves the basic system of writing and alphabets like petroglyphs, ideographs, cuneiforms, the invention of pen and paper, and the first calculator ‘abacus’.
Mechanical Age – it involves the start of the information explosion where machines are now helping with the creation and transmission of information through a wider audience than in the pre-mechanical age.
Electromechanical Age – this is the start of telecommunications. Telegraphs, telephone, and radio are the highlights of this age.
Electronic Age – this is where we are today where computers are programmable and electric.
Assignment (asel)
This document provides brief biographies of 17 inventors and their contributions to the development of computers and related technologies:
- Blaise Pascal and Wilhelm Schickard invented early mechanical calculators in the 17th century. Joseph-Marie Jacquard created a programmable loom attachment using punched cards. Charles Babbage conceived of the first mechanical computer.
- Ada Lovelace wrote the first computer program. Konrad Zuse built the first freely programmable computer. John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry's ABC computer pioneered elements of modern computing.
- Howard Aiken and Grace Hopper developed the Harvard Mark I, one of the earliest general-purpose computers. ENIAC,
Assignment in T.L.E
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Assignment (a sel)
This document provides brief biographies of several important figures in the early history and development of computing technology:
- Blaise Pascal and Joseph-Marie Jacquard contributed to the development of mechanical calculators and programmable looms using punched cards in the 17th-18th centuries.
- Charles Babbage conceived of the first general-purpose mechanical computer, the Analytical Engine, in the 19th century. Ada Lovelace wrote algorithms for it, making her the first computer programmer.
- Konrad Zuse developed the first freely programmable computer, the Z3, in the 1940s. John Atanasoff and Clifford Berry developed the ABC, considered by some to
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More from Musdafa Dolmacı
Computer history
This document provides a brief history of computer science from ancient tools like the abacus to modern concepts. It discusses early developments like Gottfried Leibnitz's binary system in 1703 and Joseph Marie Jacquard's punch card controlled loom in 1801. It also covers the emergence of computer science as a field in the 1920s and milestones like Norbert Wiener coining the term "cybernetics" in 1948 to describe systems that regulate themselves.
Computer hıstory
This document provides a brief history of computer science from ancient tools like the abacus to modern concepts. It discusses early developments like Gottfried Leibnitz's binary system in 1703 and Joseph Marie Jacquard's punch card controlled loom in 1801. It also covers the emergence of computer science as a field in the 1920s and milestones like Norbert Wiener coining the term "cybernetics" in 1948 to describe systems that regulate themselves.
Computer hıstory
This document provides a brief history of computer science from ancient tools like the abacus to modern concepts. It discusses early developments like Boolean algebra and Jacquard's loom that was controlled by punched cards. It outlines how the term "computer" referred to people who performed calculations before mechanical devices emerged. The development of analog and digital computers is also summarized along with Norbert Wiener's work in cybernetics comparing computational systems and the brain. The first actual computer bug is noted to be a moth found in the Harvard Mark II in 1947.
Computer hıstory
This document provides a brief history of computer science from ancient tools like the abacus to modern concepts. It discusses how the abacus used a place-value system like modern computers. Gottfried Leibniz then developed binary logic and George Boole created Boolean algebra. Jacquard's loom controlled by punched cards demonstrated machines driven by binary. Before the 1920s, "computers" were human clerks, often women with calculus degrees performing calculations. The document then covers the development of computing machines, analog computers, Norbert Wiener coining the term "cybernetics," and the first actual computer "bug" being a moth.
Computer hıstory
This document provides a brief history of computer science from ancient tools like the abacus to modern concepts. It discusses early developments like Boolean algebra and Jacquard's loom that was controlled by punched cards. It outlines how the term "computer" referred to people performing calculations before mechanical devices emerged. The development of analog and digital computers is also summarized along with Norbert Wiener's work in cybernetics comparing computational systems and the brain. The first actual computer bug is noted to be a moth found in the Harvard Mark II in 1947.
Computer hıstory
This document provides a brief history of computer science from ancient tools like the abacus to modern concepts. It discusses early developments like Gottfried Leibnitz's binary system in 1703 and Joseph Marie Jacquard's punch card controlled loom in 1801. It also covers the emergence of computer science as a field in the 1920s and milestones like Norbert Wiener coining the term "cybernetics" in 1948 to describe systems that regulate themselves.
Computer hıstory
This document provides a brief history of computer science from ancient tools like the abacus to modern concepts. It discusses early developments like Boolean algebra and Jacquard's loom that was controlled by punched cards. It outlines how the term "computer" referred to people performing calculations before mechanical devices emerged. The development of analog and digital computers is also summarized along with Norbert Wiener's work in cybernetics comparing computational systems and the brain. The first actual computer bug is noted to be a moth found in the Harvard Mark II in 1947.
Computer hıstory
This document provides a brief history of computer science from ancient tools like the abacus to modern concepts. It discusses developments like Boolean algebra, Jacquard's loom that used punched cards to control a loom in a binary pattern, the distinction between computers as human clerks versus machines, the development of analog and digital computers, Wiener coining the term "cybernetics" based on experiments with radar systems, and the common story of the first computer "bug" being a moth found in the Harvard Mark II in 1947.
Computer hıstory
This document provides a brief history of computer science from ancient tools like the abacus to modern concepts. It discusses developments like binary logic systems by Leibniz and Boolean algebra. Early computers were human clerks who performed calculations. The term 'computer' later referred to machines that could take the place of human computers. The emergence of computer science as a field incorporated developments in computing machinery, cybernetics, and the identification of the first actual computer "bug".
Computer hıstory
This document provides a brief history of computer science from ancient tools like the abacus to modern concepts. It discusses developments like binary logic systems by Leibniz and Boolean algebra. Early computers were human clerks who performed calculations. The term 'computer' later referred to machines that could take the place of human computers. The emergence of computer science as a field incorporated developments in computing machinery, cybernetics, and the identification of the first actual computer "bug".
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
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Computer hıstory
- 1. COMPUTER 20090239 ENG 204 GÜLŞEN HÜSEYİN MUSTAFA DOLMACI
- 2. The history of computer science began long before the modern discipline of computer science that emerged in the 20th century, and hinted at in the centuries prior progression, from mechanical inventions and mathematical theories towards the modern concepts and machines, formed a major academic field
- 3. The earliest known tool for use in computation was the abacus, developed in period 2700–2300 BC in Sumer. The Sumerians' abacus consisted of a table of successive columns which delimited the successive orders of magnitude of their sexagesimal number system.[2] Its original style of usage was by lines drawn in sand with pebbles. Abaci of a more modern design are still used as calculation tools today.
- 4. Binary logic In 1703, Gottfried Leibnitz developed logic in a formal, mathematical sense with his writings on the binary numeral system. In his system, the ones and zeros also represent true and false values or onand off states. But it took more than a century before George Boole published his Boolean algebra in 1854 with a complete system that allowed computational processes to be mathematically modeled.
- 5. By this time, the first mechanical devices driven by a binary pattern had been invented. The industrial revolution had driven forward the mechanization of many tasks, and this included weaving. Punched cards controlled Joseph Marie Jacquard's loom in 1801, where a hole punched in the card indicated a binary one and an unpunched spot indicated a binary zero. Jacquard's loom was far from being a computer, but it did illustrate that machines could be driven by binary systems.
- 6. Birth of computer science Before the 1920s, computers (sometimes computors) were human clerks that performed computations. They were usually under the lead of a physicist. Many thousands of computers were employed in commerce, government, and research establishments. Most of these computers were women, and they were known to have a degree in calculus. Some performed astronomical calculations for calendars.
- 7. After the 1920s, the expression computing machine referred to any machine that performed the work of a human computer, especially those in accordance with effective methods of the Church-Turing thesis. The thesis states that a mathematical method is effective if it could be set out as a list of instructions able to be followed by a human clerk with paper and pencil, for as long as necessary, and without ingenuity or insight.
- 8. Machines that computed with continuous values became known as the analog kind. They used machinery that represented continuous numeric quantities, like the angle of a shaft rotation or difference in electrical potential.
- 9. Wiener and Cybernetics From experiments with anti-aircraft systems that interpreted radar images to detect enemy planes,Norbert Wiener coined the term cybernetics from the Greek word for "steersman." He published "Cybernetics" in 1948, which influenced artificial intelligence. Wiener also compared computation, computing machinery, memory devices, and other cognitive similarities with his analysis of brain waves.
- 10. The first actual computer bug was a moth. It was stuck in between the relays on the Harvard Mark II.[1] While the invention of the term 'bug' is often but erroneously attributed to Grace Hopper, a future rear admiral in the U.S. Navy, who supposedly logged the "bug" on September 9, 1945, most other accounts conflict at least with these details. According to these accounts, the actual date was September 9, 1947 when operators filed this 'incident' — along with the insect and the notation "First actual case of bug being found.
- 11. REFERENCES http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_computer_science