Composite As Building Material
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Composite materials are made from two or more constituent materials that produce unique properties. Wood is a natural composite of cellulose fibers in a lignin matrix, while concrete is a composite of aggregate, cement, additives and water. Composites provide advantages like light weight, design flexibility, high strength, corrosion resistance, toughness, durability and cost effectiveness. They are extremely durable, impact resistant, have a high strength to weight ratio and provide insulation properties. Composites have applications in building construction materials like the headquarters of D.R. Horton builders, which was constructed entirely of fiberglass.
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ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF STEEL AS A STRUCTURAL DESIGN MATERIAL
The following advantages in general may be credited to steel as a structural design material:
1. High strength/weight ratio. Steel has a high strength/weight ratio. Thus, the dead weight of steel structures is relatively small. This property makes steel a very attractive structural material for
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3. Predictable material properties. Properties of steel can be predicted with a high degree of certainty. Steel in fact shows elastic behavior up to a relatively high and usually well-defined stress level. Also, in contrast to reinforced concrete, steel properties do not change considerably with time.
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7. Adaptation of prefabrication. Steel is highly suitable for prefabrication and mass production.
8. Repetitive use. Steel can be reused after a structure is disassembled.
9. Expanding existing structures. Steel buildings can be easily expanded by adding new bays or wings. Steel bridges may be widened.
10. Fatigue strength. Steel structures have relatively good fatigue strength.
DISADVANTAGES OF STEEL
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My Email ID: ranazia517@gmail.com
Timber material of the future
This document discusses timber and wood-based materials as construction materials of the future. It provides examples of small wooden architectural structures from across Europe to illustrate the potential of wood-based materials. Engineered wood products like glued laminated timber, cross-laminated timber, laminated veneer lumber and others are described in terms of their production processes, strengths, fire resistance, and other advantages over steel and concrete. These new wood technologies allow for taller, larger span structures with diverse forms to be built from wood.
Composite brief process - Xirtue composites
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Composite Curing Autoclave
Carbon Fiber, Prepreg, Process, Layup Process, Curing, Resin.
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Module on fibre reinforced and foam concrete
This document discusses fibre reinforced concrete and foam concrete. It defines fibre reinforced concrete as a composite material consisting of fibres mixed into cement, mortar or concrete to increase structural integrity. Various fibre types are described, including steel, polypropylene, glass, polyester, carbon and natural fibres. Applications of fibre reinforced concrete include pavements, tunnels, dams and bridges. Foam concrete is defined as a lightweight concrete containing cement, water and a foaming agent with no large aggregates. It has advantages like lightweight, thermal insulation, self-leveling properties and fire resistance. Foam concrete is used in construction of walls, floors, pipes and as backfill material.
North America’s evolution toward taller wood buildings - Nov-2014
The document discusses the evolution toward taller wood buildings in North America. Recent advances in wood technology and construction techniques have made wood a viable option for mid-rise and tall buildings. Examples from around the world have demonstrated that mass timber construction can be used to build structures as tall as 30 stories safely and cost effectively. While initial drivers for tall wood buildings included sustainability and reduced costs compared to steel and concrete, designs must still meet code requirements for safety, structural performance, and fire resistance. The document explores different mass timber products and construction approaches used in tall wood buildings worldwide.
Materials in Action - Examining the Impacts of Building Materials
This document discusses the life cycle impacts of different building materials. It notes that while most environmental impacts from materials occur during extraction and production, they continue to influence the building's footprint throughout its operational lifespan and beyond. It then provides an overview of the topics that will be covered, including the durability, energy usage, recycling potential, and code considerations of wood, concrete, and steel materials. The document outlines its learning objectives and includes a table of contents for the presentation.
Alternate building materials
This document discusses alternative building materials that can be used instead of conventional materials. It begins by outlining the need for alternative materials due to increasing demand for housing and the environmental impacts of conventional materials. It then lists several alternative materials like hollow concrete blocks, fly ash bricks, rice husk ash, ferrocement, and plastic wood. For each material, it provides details on what it is and its advantages over conventional materials. Overall, the document promotes using alternative materials for construction to address housing needs in a more sustainable way.
Special concrete in concrete technology
Lightweight concrete has a density between 300-1850 kg/m3, compressive strengths from 20-40 N/mm2, and better thermal insulation and sound absorption properties compared to normal concrete. It reduces structural dead loads, making it attractive for multi-story buildings.
Advanced construction materials
The presentation encircles the following topics
1.Fibers and PlasticsTypes of fibers- Steel, Carbon, glass fibers, Use of fibers as construction material, properties of Fibers.
Types of plastics- PVC, RPVC, HDPE, FRP, GRP etc. Colored plastic sheets. Use of plastic as construction material.
2. Artificial Timbers – Properties and uses of artificial timber. Types of artificial timber available in market, strength of artificial timber.
3. Miscellaneous materials – Properties and uses of acoustics materials,wall claddings, plaster boards, micro-silica, artificial sand, bonding agents, adhesives
PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH WOOD ASH AND ADDITION OF EXPANDED POLYSTYR...
This document summarizes a study on producing lightweight concrete by partially replacing cement with wood ash and adding expanded polystyrene beads and coconut fibers. The main goal is to determine the workability, compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength of the lightweight concrete. Different mixtures will be tested with varying replacements of wood ash and additions of beads and fibers. Based on previous research, the strengths of the wood ash, bead, and fiber concrete will be compared to conventional concrete. Testing will include compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength tests. Preliminary results found that workability was acceptable after adding beads and fibers. Strength parameters like compression, tension, and flexure increased up to a 12
FRP Architectural handbook
This document provides an overview of how to design with fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) for architectural applications. It discusses who uses FRP, important material properties and considerations, and where challenges may arise working with various stakeholders. Production methods like pre-preg and hand layup are addressed. The document emphasizes that while standards are conservative, testing and mockups can demonstrate FRP elements only need a fraction of the required material, making it competitive with other building materials if engineered properly.
Pgb unit iv kameswara rao marthi
This document discusses methods for reducing embodied energy in building materials and construction. It provides guidelines and examples of materials that have lower embodied energy, including:
- Local and natural materials like bamboo, timber, rammed earth, and stabilized mud blocks.
- Materials with recycled content such as blended cements, fly ash bricks, and vitrified tiles.
- Reusing waste and salvaged materials on site to reduce transportation costs.
It also discusses strategies like optimizing structural efficiency, specifying low-carbon concrete mixes, choosing materials that sequester carbon like wood, and designing with minimal waste.
Introduction to Composites.ppt
This document provides an overview of composite materials, including definitions, examples of natural and man-made composites, advantages, and types. It discusses fibers and matrices and how they are combined to form strong yet lightweight materials. Applications are growing across industries like transportation, construction, and aerospace due to properties like high strength and stiffness combined with flexibility in design. The document also describes several labs that demonstrate principles of composites through experiments making and testing simple beams.
Material analysis
The document discusses the materials used in buildings at the entrance of the National Zoo of Malaysia. The management building is mainly constructed of reinforced concrete, which has high strength and can withstand heat. Tempered glass is used for the facade, as it is stronger than normal glass and will not shatter into sharp pieces if broken. Aluminum supports the glass and makes up the facade, and is resistant to corrosion. Stainless steel is used for the staircase handles due to its strength, heat resistance, and resistance to corrosion and staining. The roof is made of polycarbonate, which is strong, tough, and impact-resistant. Pebble stone and concrete bricks make up unique flooring systems. Fabric structures provide shade and
Non metallic materials
Plastics, composites, and carbon fibers are used extensively in aircraft construction in addition to metals. Plastics are used for both structural components, like reinforced plastic in wingtips, and decorative trim. Transparent plastic is used for canopies and windshields. Reinforced plastic is a sandwich material made of fiberglass facings bonded around a honeycomb core, providing high strength to weight. Composite materials using layers of graphite epoxy or boron epoxy bonded to aluminum honeycomb cores provide extra high strength to weight for high performance aircraft.
2120 Ch 7 PowerPoint.pptx
This document discusses wood construction materials and systems. It describes various types of solid wood, engineered wood products, and wood panel products. Some key points covered include the combustibility of wood, ignition-resistant construction techniques, calculating structural endurance of wood under fire conditions, and different wood framing systems like balloon framing, platform framing, heavy timber construction, and truss systems. The document provides information on wood properties and construction details relevant to fire service personnel.
Structural lightweight concrete
This document discusses structural lightweight concrete. It begins by defining lightweight concrete and noting its lighter weight compared to conventional concrete. It then discusses properties like compressive strength and water absorption tested at different densities, foam percentages, and water-cement ratios. Applications include construction, vessels, and roof decks. Advantages include reduced weight and transportation costs, while disadvantages include sensitivity to water and difficulty in placement. A case study examines the Wellington Stadium project in New Zealand, where lightweight concrete allowed rapid construction in a seismic area with poor foundation conditions.
RESEARCH WORK ON EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE vol-3 iss-2
This document discusses a research study that investigated the thermal behavior and compressive strength of expanded polystyrene (EPS) wall panels of varying thickness. The study varied the thickness of the EPS core (50-150mm) and concrete shell (40-50mm) in 3D wall panels. A computer program was used to calculate the thermal transmittance, thermal resistance, and maximum compressive load of the wall panels based on their dimensions and material properties. The results showed that increasing the EPS thickness improved the wall panels' thermal insulation properties and compressive strength, demonstrating the feasibility of using EPS wall panels as an affordable alternative to traditional concrete blocks in construction.
Carbon Fiber Rods.pptx
Carbon fiber composites as a replacement to iron rods in construction industry. The Iron Rods are being used in construction industry as a reinforcement material from decades but they disadvantageous in many ways such as rusting and shorter life time on the other hand polymer composite (carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites) are the game changer now.
The composites are lighter in weight and higher in strength and are more sustainable than the conventional ones.
please read the presentation for detailed review.
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Composite As Building Material
- 2. UNIT-9
- 3. A composite material is a material made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties that, when combined, produce a material with characteristics different from the individual components.
- 4. Wood is a natural composite of cellulose fibers in a lignin matrix. Engineered wood is wood fibers, strands or veneers bound using adhesives. Concrete is a composite of aggregate, cement, additives and water.
- 5. Advantages 1.Light in Weight. 2.Design Flexibility. 3.High-Strength(Equal to Steel). 4.Corrosion Resistant. 5.Toughness is improved. 6.More Durability. 7.Cost effectiveness.
- 6. Benefits of Composites 1. Extremely Durable 2. Low Weight 3. Impact Resistance 4. Design Flexibility 5. High Strength to Weight ratio 6. Part Consolidation 7. Corrosion Resistance 8. Heat Resistance 9. Toughness 10.Sound Dampening 11.Insulation Properties
- 7. Applications Horton headquarters is built by D.R.Horton builders. The builders want to built any new innovative material with geometry. They built frame with a steel frames They build completely out of fiber glass material. Horton Headquarters
- 8. Ceresco Airport Cladding Ceresco Airport Designed By Architect Rafael Vainly in the shape of Paraglider. White thermoplastic membrane roof cladding reduces the heat island effect. A fully glazed cladding system maximizes daylight inside the terminal.