Study of Depression and Role of Support Groups in Its Management among HIV/AI...paperpublications3
Abstract: The acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the most dreaded entities that modern medicine has ever had to tackle. Depression is the most frequently observed psychiatric disorder among HIV/AIDS patients. It interferes with all aspects of living and may have a severe negative impact on quality of life. An HIV positive diagnosis is a life changing event and may induce shock, a sense of helplessness, denial, and occasional self blame. Belonging to a support group may be of assistance in preventing depression. PLWHA should be advised to belong to a support group. To improve the role of support groups their sizes should be limited.
Methodology: Aim of the Study: To determine the prevalence of depression among HIV positives and to find out the role Support group in reduction of depression.
Study Setting & Design: A tertiary care hospital, and Positive networks, Cross sectional study.
Sample Size: Study constituted of 100 HIV positive patients, depression was assessed using BDI, The data was collected using a pretested semi structured preformed, after obtaining written informed consent.
Sampling Method: Random Sample
Statistical analysis: Data was be analyzed using SPSS version 11.5, statistical test ANOVA and CHI-SQUARE will be used and P less than 0.05 taken as significant.
Exclusion criteria: people below the age of 18 years and above 65 years patients, who are not given consent.
Study Duration: 6 Months
Data Collection: The data was collected using a BDI –Beck Depression Inventory Scale (annexure 1) The HIV positive subjects were invited to participate in the interview and those who presented for treatment, People were invited to participate in the interview and after obtaining a written informed consent the subjects were recruited in the study. The study details were explained to them that this procedure would not affect the scheduled times of their consultation. The interviews were conducted in medical consultation rooms by the investigator. Each interview lasted an average of 1 hour.
Results: The result showed was that statistically significant (p=0.002) depression among urban area.69.5% were depressed among primary education, 59.4% were depressed among 8-12, 100% were depressed those who are education above 12 standard. There is no statistically significant in education and depression.
62% were depressed daily waged, 61.1% were depressed among salaried, 83.3% were depressed among business, 84.6% were depressed among unemployed
There is no statistically significant depression based on their education.
Unmarried 100% were depressed, 67.3% married were depressed, 100% depressed among divorced, 100%were depressed among spouse, 64.1% were depressed among widowed. There is no statistically significant between depression and marital status.
Medically unexplained symptoms are ‘persistent bodily complaints for which adequate examination does not reveal sufficient explanatory structural or other specified pathology’.
These patients are challenge to medical professionals
This presentation by Jeremy Chataway and Susan Hourihan from the National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery provides an overview of how to identify the transition to secondary progressive MS and how to assist people with MS in the transition stage.
Study of Depression and Role of Support Groups in Its Management among HIV/AI...paperpublications3
Abstract: The acquired immuno-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is one of the most dreaded entities that modern medicine has ever had to tackle. Depression is the most frequently observed psychiatric disorder among HIV/AIDS patients. It interferes with all aspects of living and may have a severe negative impact on quality of life. An HIV positive diagnosis is a life changing event and may induce shock, a sense of helplessness, denial, and occasional self blame. Belonging to a support group may be of assistance in preventing depression. PLWHA should be advised to belong to a support group. To improve the role of support groups their sizes should be limited.
Methodology: Aim of the Study: To determine the prevalence of depression among HIV positives and to find out the role Support group in reduction of depression.
Study Setting & Design: A tertiary care hospital, and Positive networks, Cross sectional study.
Sample Size: Study constituted of 100 HIV positive patients, depression was assessed using BDI, The data was collected using a pretested semi structured preformed, after obtaining written informed consent.
Sampling Method: Random Sample
Statistical analysis: Data was be analyzed using SPSS version 11.5, statistical test ANOVA and CHI-SQUARE will be used and P less than 0.05 taken as significant.
Exclusion criteria: people below the age of 18 years and above 65 years patients, who are not given consent.
Study Duration: 6 Months
Data Collection: The data was collected using a BDI –Beck Depression Inventory Scale (annexure 1) The HIV positive subjects were invited to participate in the interview and those who presented for treatment, People were invited to participate in the interview and after obtaining a written informed consent the subjects were recruited in the study. The study details were explained to them that this procedure would not affect the scheduled times of their consultation. The interviews were conducted in medical consultation rooms by the investigator. Each interview lasted an average of 1 hour.
Results: The result showed was that statistically significant (p=0.002) depression among urban area.69.5% were depressed among primary education, 59.4% were depressed among 8-12, 100% were depressed those who are education above 12 standard. There is no statistically significant in education and depression.
62% were depressed daily waged, 61.1% were depressed among salaried, 83.3% were depressed among business, 84.6% were depressed among unemployed
There is no statistically significant depression based on their education.
Unmarried 100% were depressed, 67.3% married were depressed, 100% depressed among divorced, 100%were depressed among spouse, 64.1% were depressed among widowed. There is no statistically significant between depression and marital status.
Medically unexplained symptoms are ‘persistent bodily complaints for which adequate examination does not reveal sufficient explanatory structural or other specified pathology’.
These patients are challenge to medical professionals
This presentation by Jeremy Chataway and Susan Hourihan from the National Hospital of Neurology and Neurosurgery provides an overview of how to identify the transition to secondary progressive MS and how to assist people with MS in the transition stage.
Music has a dynamic effect on the mind and the body. Music therapy is an established method of managing certain ailments of the disease. I presented the scientific data about the history and development of music therapy. This entity require research and meta analysis so that it will establish it's course of study and evaluate it's individual role in the management of a disease.
Presentation given at The First Music & Medicine Conference of the Cincinnati Music & Wellness Coalition. Defines music therapy, reviews recent research in Music Medicine, and describes music therapy program at general hospital.
Goals of care should be patient-centered objectives that can be achieved by medical treatment. Too often in our healthcare system goals of care result in two extremes: (1) patients are led to believe that the goals of care only incorporates their hopes, regardless of the clinical situation, with this being the only possible clinical outcome, or (2) that goals of care are synonyms for a conversation about changing code status to “do not attempt resuscitation” and/or referral to hospice. In reality, goals of care should include both what the patient, their family, and providers hope for while simultaneously planning for the worst. Goals of care most encompass and evolve with the patient’s disease and not simply brought into and only focus on end of life.
Nursing Assessment Of The New Chronic Pain Patient Sr Christine Wakefieldepicyclops
Lecture given to the North British Pain Association on 16th May 2008 by Sr Christine Wakefield. In this talk, Sr Wakefield discusses the role of the nurse specialist in the assessment of the newly-referred patient with chronic pain. www.nbpa.org.uk
The Effectiveness of Music Therapy on Cerebral Palsy Patients Receiving Rehab...inventionjournals
Objective: To find out the effect of music therapy in cerebral palsy (CP) patients between who received conventional rehabilitation treatments and who additionally received music therapy Methods: In this retrospective study, 50 CP patients who received rehabilitation treatments on a day-ward basis for at least six months, between March 2013 and February 2015, were selected as subjects. Of the 50 patients, 25 received only conventional rehabilitation treatment (rehabilitation group), and the remaining 25 received both the conventional rehabilitation treatment and music therapy (music therapy group). In this study, the results of the Korean-version Denver Developmental Screening Test 2 (DDST-2) and the social quotient (SQ) were confirmed, before and after the treatments. Results: At baseline, no statistically significant differences were confirmed between the rehabilitation group and the music therapy group in terms of gender, age, and diagnosis. Korean-version DDST-2 scores and the SQ score also did not show statistically significant differences between the groups. With the intervention, the music therapy group showed more statistically significant improvements in the gross motor, fine motor, language, and personal-social parts than the rehabilitation group. The music therapy group also showed greater improvement in SQ score than the rehabilitation group, but the difference was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: This study was conducted to prove the effectiveness of the current music therapy program and to investigate the area in which the therapy produces the greatest effect. It is hoped that the therapy would find wider application among children in the future as it showed significant functional improvements in the gross motor, fine motor, language, and personal-social parts in this study
Music has a dynamic effect on the mind and the body. Music therapy is an established method of managing certain ailments of the disease. I presented the scientific data about the history and development of music therapy. This entity require research and meta analysis so that it will establish it's course of study and evaluate it's individual role in the management of a disease.
Presentation given at The First Music & Medicine Conference of the Cincinnati Music & Wellness Coalition. Defines music therapy, reviews recent research in Music Medicine, and describes music therapy program at general hospital.
Goals of care should be patient-centered objectives that can be achieved by medical treatment. Too often in our healthcare system goals of care result in two extremes: (1) patients are led to believe that the goals of care only incorporates their hopes, regardless of the clinical situation, with this being the only possible clinical outcome, or (2) that goals of care are synonyms for a conversation about changing code status to “do not attempt resuscitation” and/or referral to hospice. In reality, goals of care should include both what the patient, their family, and providers hope for while simultaneously planning for the worst. Goals of care most encompass and evolve with the patient’s disease and not simply brought into and only focus on end of life.
Nursing Assessment Of The New Chronic Pain Patient Sr Christine Wakefieldepicyclops
Lecture given to the North British Pain Association on 16th May 2008 by Sr Christine Wakefield. In this talk, Sr Wakefield discusses the role of the nurse specialist in the assessment of the newly-referred patient with chronic pain. www.nbpa.org.uk
The Effectiveness of Music Therapy on Cerebral Palsy Patients Receiving Rehab...inventionjournals
Objective: To find out the effect of music therapy in cerebral palsy (CP) patients between who received conventional rehabilitation treatments and who additionally received music therapy Methods: In this retrospective study, 50 CP patients who received rehabilitation treatments on a day-ward basis for at least six months, between March 2013 and February 2015, were selected as subjects. Of the 50 patients, 25 received only conventional rehabilitation treatment (rehabilitation group), and the remaining 25 received both the conventional rehabilitation treatment and music therapy (music therapy group). In this study, the results of the Korean-version Denver Developmental Screening Test 2 (DDST-2) and the social quotient (SQ) were confirmed, before and after the treatments. Results: At baseline, no statistically significant differences were confirmed between the rehabilitation group and the music therapy group in terms of gender, age, and diagnosis. Korean-version DDST-2 scores and the SQ score also did not show statistically significant differences between the groups. With the intervention, the music therapy group showed more statistically significant improvements in the gross motor, fine motor, language, and personal-social parts than the rehabilitation group. The music therapy group also showed greater improvement in SQ score than the rehabilitation group, but the difference was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: This study was conducted to prove the effectiveness of the current music therapy program and to investigate the area in which the therapy produces the greatest effect. It is hoped that the therapy would find wider application among children in the future as it showed significant functional improvements in the gross motor, fine motor, language, and personal-social parts in this study
Independent t-test
Dependent/paired t-test
One-way ANOVA
Two-way ANOVA
Repeated Measures ANOVA
ANCOVA
A researcher was interested in the effects of journal therapy on depression. Sixty individuals
diagnosed with severe depression were randomly assigned to three different treatment groups (20
individuals in each group). The first group received journal therapy (writing about their feelings for
an hour each day for three weeks) and regular counseling, the second group received only journal
therapy, and the third group received only regular counseling. All sixty individuals were given a
depression scale before (baseline) and after treatment. Assume the assumptions of the parametric
method were satisfied. Do depression scores after the intervention differ among the three groups,
controlling for or removing the effect of the baseline depression score?.
No association between prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex and neuropsyc...Benjamin Cortes
Abstract: Sensorimotor gating deficits are relevant in schizophrenia and can be measured using prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex. It is conceivable that such deficits may hinder the cognitive functions in schizophrenia patients. In this study, using PPI and a neuropsychological battery, we studied this possibility in a group of 23 acute, neuroleptic-free schizophrenia patients and 16 controls. A non-significant decrease in PPI was found in the patients as compared to the controls, as well as significant differences in the performance of Trail A and B in Wisconsin
Card Sorting and Digit/Symbol Tests. No statistically significant correlations between PPI and neuropsychological performance were found after the correction for multiple comparisons in any group. Our results suggest that PPI deficits in schizophrenia patients may not contribute to the cognitive deficits typical of that illness, at least in patients with a non-significant PPI decrease.
Treating Insomnia in Depression Insomnia Related Factors Pred.docxturveycharlyn
Treating Insomnia in Depression: Insomnia Related Factors Predict
Long-Term Depression Trajectories
Bei Bei
Monash University and Royal Women’s Hospital, University of
Melbourne
Lauren D. Asarnow
Stanford University
Andrew Krystal
University of California, San Francisco
Jack D. Edinger
National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, and Duke University
Medical Center
Daniel J. Buysse
University of Pittsburgh
Rachel Manber
Stanford University
Objective: Insomnia and major depressive disorders (MDD) often co-occur, and such comorbidity has
been associated with poorer outcomes for both conditions. However, individual differences in depressive
symptom trajectories during and after treatment are poorly understood in comorbid insomnia and
depression. This study explored the heterogeneity in long-term depression change trajectories, and
examined their correlates, particularly insomnia-related characteristics. Method: Participants were 148
adults (age M � SD � 46.6 � 12.6, 73.0% female) with insomnia and MDD who received antidepressant
pharmacotherapy, and were randomized to 7-session Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia or
control conditions over 16 weeks with 2-year follow-ups. Depression and insomnia severity were
assessed at baseline, biweekly during treatment, and every 4 months thereafter. Sleep effort and beliefs
about sleep were also assessed. Results: Growth mixture modeling revealed three trajectories: (a)
Partial-Responders (68.9%) had moderate symptom reduction during early treatment (p value � .001)
and maintained mild depression during follow-ups. (b) Initial-Responders (17.6%) had marked symptom
reduction during treatment (p values � .001) and low depression severity at posttreatment, but increased
severity over follow-up (p value � .001). (c) Optimal-Responders (13.5%) achieved most gains during
early treatment (p value � .001), continued to improve (p value � .01) and maintained minimal
depression during follow-ups. The classes did not differ significantly on baseline measures or treatment
received, but differed on insomnia-related measures after treatment began (p values � .05): Optimal-
Responders consistently endorsed the lowest insomnia severity, sleep effort, and unhelpful beliefs about
sleep. Conclusions: Three depression symptom trajectories were observed among patients with comorbid
insomnia and MDD. These trajectories were associated with insomnia-related constructs after commenc-
ing treatment. Early changes in insomnia characteristics may predict long-term depression outcomes.
What is the public health significance of this article?
This study identified three distinct depression trajectories in patients with comorbid major depression
and insomnia disorders during treatment and 2-year follow-up. Those with the largest and most
sustained improvements in depression consistently scored the lowest on postbaseline insomnia and
insomnia-related cognitions. Early changes in insomnia symptoms and insomnia-related character ...
Objective: The purpose of this paper is to review literature on music and biomarkers of stress in order to (1) Identify music interventions and (2) Detail the biomarkers of stress associated with music. Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed in performing this systematic review. Studies published from January 1995 to January 2020 that pertain to biomarkers of stress and music were identified through the use of the PubMed database, using the keywords: ‘music’ AND ‘biomarker’ OR ‘marker’ OR ‘hormone’. Two authors independently conducted a focused analysis and reached a final consensus on 16 studies that met the specific selection criteria and passed the study quality checks. Results: The reviewed studies were all randomized controlled trials. Reviewed music interventions included Music Listening (ML), Meditational Music (MM), ‘Guided Imagery and Music’ (GIM), and Singing. The studies showed that music is associated with a decreasing trend in cortisol, salivary α-amylase, heart rate, and blood pressure, as well as an increasing trend in Immunoglobulin A (IgA), oxytocin, and EEG theta wave, while testosterone was associated with sex-related differences. Conclusion: Music is associated with significant changes in biomarkers of stress, suggesting that it could be utilized for the development of stress reduction tools.
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2. KEYWORDS:
Depression, Group music intervention, Psychiatric symptoms, Schizophrenia
PMID:
24280478
[PubMed - in process]
TRANSLATE-INDONESIA
Melengkapi Ther Med . 2013 Desember , 21 (6) :682-8 . doi : 10.1016/j.ctim.2013.09.002 . Epub 2013 20
September .
Pengaruh intervensi musik kelompok gejala kejiwaan dan depresi pada pasien dengan skizofrenia .
Lu SF , Lo CH , Sung HC , Hsieh TC , Yu SC , Chang SC .
sumber
Departemen Keperawatan , Tzu Chi University, Taiwan , Institute of Medical Sciences , Tzu Chi
University, Taiwan .
abstrak
TUJUAN :
Untuk menguji efek dari terapi musik kelompok gejala kejiwaan dan depresi bagi pasien dengan
skizofrenia di sebuah panti jompo kejiwaan .
SUBYEK DAN METODE :
Delapan puluh pasien dengan skizofrenia secara acak ditugaskan untuk kelompok intervensi musik ( MIG
) atau kelompok perawatan biasa ( UCG ) . Kedua kelompok menerima perawatan medis dan rutin
serupa. MIG menerima terapi musik kelompok 60 - menit dua kali seminggu , total sepuluh sesi . The
UAG hanya menerima perawatan biasa tanpa terapi musik . Gejala kejiwaan dan penilaian depresi
dilakukan dengan menggunakan skala positif dan negatif syndrome dan skala depresi untuk skizofrenia
pada awal, posttest , dan pada 3 bulan follow-up .
HASIL :
Tiga puluh delapan pasien di MIG dan 42 di UCG menyelesaikan studi. Setelah 10 sesi terapi musik
kelompok , kelompok menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik pada gejala kejiwaan ( p
<.05 ) dan status depresi ( p <.05 ) .
KESIMPULAN :
Terapi musik kelompok merupakan metode ekonomis dan mudah diimplementasikan meningkatkan
depresi dan gejala kejiwaan pada pasien dengan skizofrenia .