The document discusses different perspectives on imperialism and globalization. It explores how imperialism manifested differently in the UK versus the US, with the US initially expanding westward before turning overseas. While 19th century thinkers viewed imperialism positively, measuring physical attributes was used to classify and separate people. The US granted some colonies independence before World War 2, and some historians argue the US functions as a modern empire through hegemony and soft power, though globalization is not experienced equally worldwide.

1. Comparitive History
“Imperialism was a practice, colonialism was a state of mind”
Joshua M. Holloway

2. Imperialism: U.K. vs. U.S.
• While European empires had to go over seas
and to distant lands to conquer more empires
while America’s first empire was at hand—
west of Missourri.
• American had more of a continentalism
rather than an imperialism.
• Eventually, when mainland was mostly
accounted for, America went across seas to
“colonize” islands such as the
Phillipines, Hawaii, Cuba, etc.

3. Imperialism: positivity
• From Nineteenth century thought and
terms, Imperialism is a beautiful thing.
• Changing the culture of nations and tribesman
more towards the conquerer’s preference was
an honorable thing
• Historical figures such as
Chamberlain and Rosebury
were proud to call themselves
imperialists

4. Imperialism: New Science
• There were orders of people, just as the order of
animals, and social organization with some ruling
others was natural
• New Science of nineteenth
century forms “objectivity”; to
measure things and place.
• Hair, skin color, race, etc. was now
being measured and observed to
place certain people in certain
classes; to separate people due to
differences.

5. Imperialism: relativity
• Tribes—such as the Maori or Navajo—
hadn’t called themselves what they’re
known as today until the Europeans
coined the phrases
• Near-East, Far-East, and Middle-East
were relative to European maps
• Latin American became the portion of map where
Spanish and Portuguese were spoken because
Americans decided though even though French-
Canadians considered themselves Latin.

6. Imperialism: granting independence (u.s.)
• European powers gave no independence to colonies
before WWII
• U.S. realeased some from
administrative embraces and gives
some independence
– Cuba: 1934
– Phillipines: 1945
– Puerto Rico: offered, but chose neither;
unique common wealth.

7. Globalization: Modern American
Empire
• Political figures use phrases to suggest at, but
not quite say, existence as an imperial empire;
“sole super-power”, etc.
• Historians—Robert Kaplan, Charles
Krauthammer, Dinesh D’Souza—agree
America is an empire
• Kaplan: “future historians will look back on
21st-century U.S. as an empire and a Republic”

8. Globalization: Hegemony
• Term originally used to describe Athens
compared to other Greek-city states; they led
but did not rule over
• “hegemon’s dilemma”: U.S. faced the same
obstacle the British seemed to have in 1914;
whether to keep up(economically) via
protectionist policies or stick to free-trade and
risk decline
• Problematic defining of “hegemony” and
“empire” due to definition of “direct rule”

9. Globalization: • Seventy known empires
throughout world history
Empires
• America believed to be 68th
Empire
• Communist China is 69th
Empire
• Some claim the European
Union is the 70th Empire
• America can be related to
many past Empire in certain
ways but differs. . .somehow

10. Globalization: Soft Power
• Globalization is essentially American-centric; It helps
that America trends are geared to multi-ethnic
audiences which rest of world can relate to.
• “Soft Power”: the ability to have dominance over others
without force; entices others.
• Some things America enforces,
other countries simply can’t
refuse but to copy; Secure
FDA regulations, security
and fraudulent laws,
Internet governing, etc.

11. Globalization: Not For Everyone
Globalization—worldwide networks of interdependence
• :Does not imply universality, equity, or homogenization
• Most people do not have telephones
• Americans use the Internet most
• Hundred Millions of people are peasants who have little to no
connection with world markets & global flow of ideas
• :Creates and increasingly large gap between people; between
the Rich and the Poor