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Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
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- 2. WHAT IS ANADJECTIVE? Adjectives accompany nouns and give you information about people, animals or things. EX: The red car. The big house. The cat is black. Red, big and black are adjectives. They make our writing and speaking more descriptive and interesting.
- 3. WHAT IS ANADJECTIVE? Adjectives can be placed before or after the noun they are describing. EX: The pretty girl came to our group. The girl in our group is pretty. Adjectives never use plural (-s) and they don’t have a different masculine and feminine form. EX: The green ball / The green balls The tall girl / The tall boy
- 4. ADJECTIVE ORDER Adjectives canbe used to describe: size (big), colour (black), shape (round), sound (quiet), feelings (hungry)… But when we use several adjectives to describe a noun we should follow a fixed order: opinion + size + age + shape + colour + origin + material + purpose EX: A beautiful small new squared red French leather hand bag
- 5. We usethe comparative adjectives to compare 2 things: people, objects, animals… There are 3 different ways to compare things: - Superiority - Equality - Inferiority COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES
- 6. Form: less…(than) Weuse the same form with short and long adjectives This chair is less comfortable than this armchair COMPARATIVE OF INFERIORITY
- 7. Form: as…as Weuse the same form with short and long adjectives This elephant is as big as that elephant COMPARATIVE OF EQUALITY
- 8. COMPARATIVE OF SUPERIORITY Rules: One-syllable adjectives: - We normally add –er - Adjectives ending in –e add –r - Adjectives ending in vowel + consonant = double the consonant + –er The turtle is slower than the rabbit
- 9. COMPARATIVE OF SUPERIORITY Rules: Two-syllable adjectives: - We normally add more before the adjective - When the adjective ends in –y, we drop the y and add -ier This man is happier than that man
- 10. COMPARATIVE OF SUPERIORITY Rules: Three-syllable-or-more adjectives: - We add more before the adjective The lion is more dangerous than the sheep
- 11. Comparatives areoften used on their own if it is clear what or who is being compared. If you want to specify what you are comparing, you can do this using than followed by the noun you are comparing. Mary is taller Mary is taller than Sarah After “than” we can also use an object pronoun or a subject pronoun + a verb. She is older than me / than I am. COMPARATIVE ADJECTIVES
- 12. We usethe superlative adjectives to compare 3 or more things: people, objects, animals… We use it to say which is the biggest, most beautiful… in a group SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
- 13. SUPERLATIVE Rules: One-syllable adjectives: -We normally add –est - Adjectives ending in –e add –st - Adjectives ending in vowel + consonant = double the consonant + –est The turtle is the slowest animal
- 14. SUPERLATIVE Rules: Two-syllable adjectives: -We normally add most before the adjective - When the adjective ends in –y, we drop the y and add -iest This man is the happiest in the world
- 15. SUPERLATIVE Rules: Three-syllable-or-more adjectives: -We add the most before the adjective The lion is one of the most dangerous animals in the world
- 16. Superlatives areoften used on their own if it is clear what or who is being compared. If you want to specify what you are comparing, you can do this with a noun or phrase beginning with in or of. She is the youngest She is the youngest child She is the youngest of the children She is the youngest in the class We normally use the before a superlative. The last question is the most difficult. SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
- 17. IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES AdjectiveAdjective ComparativeComparativeSuperlativeSuperlative GoodGood BetterBetter The bestThe best BadBad WorseWorse The WorstThe Worst FarFar FurtherFurther The furthestThe furthest There are adjectives that don’t follow the norm.
- 18. We usecomparative and superlative adverbs to compare actions: He drives more slowly than me Some adverbs have the same form as an adjective. They add –er / -est, e.g. earlier, fastest, harder, highest… Many adverbs are an adjective + ly. They form the comparative and superlative with more / most, e.g. more easily, most carefully, more slowly… COMPARISON OF ADVERBS
- 19. IRREGULAR FORMS Someadverbs have irregular forms: well badly far better best worse worst further furthest
- 20. Let’s practise! Use thewords given to compare the following pictures.
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