Communications
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This document presents an overview of three models of communication: linear, interactive, and transactional. Linear communication is one-way, with encoding and decoding. Interactive communication involves both a sender and receiver relying on each other's knowledge and experiences. Transactional communication occurs when both parties are senders and receivers, sending and receiving messages simultaneously. Examples are given linking each model to things the author loves, such as sports and music.
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This document discusses several models of communication:
- Linear models (Aristotle's, Lasswell's, Shannon-Weaver's, Berlo's) see communication as one-way with a sender and receiver. Aristotle and Berlo's models identify important elements like credibility, audience, and message. Lasswell and Shannon-Weaver focus on encoding and transmission.
- Interactive models (Osgood-Schramm, Westley and Maclean) see communication as reciprocal between participants and influenced by environment.
- Transactional models (Barnlund, Dance) explore feedback and how messages evolve over repeated exchanges between sender and receiver.
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The document discusses several models of communication including linear, transactional, and interactive models. The linear model involves a one-way process from sender to receiver. Transactional models view communication as an exchange between parties who take turns sending and receiving messages. Interactive models depict a dynamic process where parties provide feedback and ideas are exchanged back and forth between sender and receiver. Key aspects of different models like feedback, encoding, decoding, noise, and roles of sender and receiver are compared. Examples are provided to illustrate concepts from various models including Shannon-Weaver, Barnlund's transactional, and Schramm's interactive models.
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This document discusses several models of communication:
1) The linear model depicts a one-way process from sender to receiver with no feedback. It is used in mass media.
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The document discusses three models of communication:
1) Linear communication is one-way with no feedback from the receiver to sender. Examples given are a presentation or speech.
2) Interactive communication is two-way with feedback from the receiver to sender. The Schramm model depicts this with encoding, decoding, and feedback between sender and receiver.
3) Transactional communication is circular with all participants actively exchanging roles as sender and receiver. Feedback is given freely between all members to clarify the message and address any barriers to understanding.
Models of communication
There are several models that describe the communication process:
- Linear models (like Lasswell's and Aristotle's) describe a one-way process from sender to receiver but lack feedback.
- Interactive models (like Schramm's) involve two-way communication between sender and receiver with feedback; overlap in their "fields of experience" facilitates understanding.
- Transactional models (like Barlund's) view communication as a simultaneous, circular process with sender and receiver exchanging roles; noise and interpretation affect the message exchange.
- Shannon-Weaver focused on quantifying communication and introduced the concept of "noise" disrupting the message transmission from sender to receiver.
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Linear communication is a one-way type of communication where the sender sends a message without receiving feedback from the receiver. It allows for messages to be quickly disseminated to a wide audience but does not allow for interaction. Examples include a presidential candidate delivering a televised speech or a shoe company sending text messages about sales to customers.
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Foundations:
Defining Communication &
Communication Study
Survey of Communication Study, Hahn and Paynton, chpt. 1
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Survey_of_Communication_Study/Chapter_1_-_Foundations:_Defining_Communication_and_Communication_Study
Introductions
Discuss the course syllabus, assignments and online Textbook
Blackboard how-to
Communication Definitions
Communication Models
Linear Model
Transactional Model
Communication and You
Agenda
Introductions
Introduce yourself:
Name
Hometown
Year in School
Major
Dream Job
Go over syllabus and Blackboard
3
We will be using a combination of two FREE online textbooks, known as an OER (Open Educational Resources)
These are free online textbooks written by communication faculty who have allowed open use of the material.
“Survey of Communication Study” by Humboldt State University professors Laura K. Hahn and Scott T. Paynton. Last edited online 2016
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Survey_of_Communication_Study
“Communication in the Real World” 2012 Creative Common License, publisher and author name removed per request
http://open.lib.umn.edu/communication/
Textbooks
If you are viewing the PPT slides on your computer or smart phone, view in the slideshow function so you will be able to interact with the various GIFs and video links that are included
Suggestion for viewing PPTs
What is involved in the process of communication?
Why is communication important?
Name people who use communication in creative ways?
Discussion:
What is Communication?
Instructor notes: These question prompts can be used as a pair activity, group activity, class discussion or “thinking point” depending on the class size and modality
6
Memes are an Example of Creative Communication
Without looking at the textbook, write down a one sentence definition of communication
To Do
70 years ago communication scholars Bruce Smith, Harold Lasswell and Ralph D. Casey stated
“Communication study is an academic field whose primary focus is ‘who says what, through what channels (media) of communication, to whom [and] what will be the results’”
(Emphasis and underline added)
Communication Definition
Smith, Lasswell and Casey
The National Communication Association states
“Communication study focuses on how people use messages to generate meaning within and across various contexts, cultures, channels and media.”
“The discipline promotes the effective and ethical practice of human communication.”
Communication Definition
National Communication Association
For the purposes of our class, the definition we will use is
“Communication is the process of using symbols to exchange meaning.”
Communication Definition
Our Textbook
A Model is a visual representation/depiction of how something works.
Models allow us to understand a process by dividing it into parts and looking at how they are related
Models of Communication
The earliest models of comm.
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Communication Study
Survey of Communication Study, Hahn and Paynton, chpt. 1
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Survey_of_Communication_Study/Chapter_1_-_Foundations:_Defining_Communication_and_Communication_Study
Introductions
Discuss the course syllabus, assignments and online Textbook
Blackboard how-to
Communication Definitions
Communication Models
Linear Model
Transactional Model
Communication and You
Agenda
Introductions
Introduce yourself:
Name
Hometown
Year in School
Major
Dream Job
Go over syllabus and Blackboard
3
We will be using a combination of two FREE online textbooks, known as an OER (Open Educational Resources)
These are free online textbooks written by communication faculty who have allowed open use of the material.
“Survey of Communication Study” by Humboldt State University professors Laura K. Hahn and Scott T. Paynton. Last edited online 2016
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Survey_of_Communication_Study
“Communication in the Real World” 2012 Creative Common License, publisher and author name removed per request
http://open.lib.umn.edu/communication/
Textbooks
If you are viewing the PPT slides on your computer or smart phone, view in the slideshow function so you will be able to interact with the various GIFs and video links that are included
Suggestion for viewing PPTs
What is involved in the process of communication?
Why is communication important?
Name people who use communication in creative ways?
Discussion:
What is Communication?
Instructor notes: These question prompts can be used as a pair activity, group activity, class discussion or “thinking point” depending on the class size and modality
6
Memes are an Example of Creative Communication
Without looking at the textbook, write down a one sentence definition of communication
To Do
70 years ago communication scholars Bruce Smith, Harold Lasswell and Ralph D. Casey stated
“Communication study is an academic field whose primary focus is ‘who says what, through what channels (media) of communication, to whom [and] what will be the results’”
(Emphasis and underline added)
Communication Definition
Smith, Lasswell and Casey
The National Communication Association states
“Communication study focuses on how people use messages to generate meaning within and across various contexts, cultures, channels and media.”
“The discipline promotes the effective and ethical practice of human communication.”
Communication Definition
National Communication Association
For the purposes of our class, the definition we will use is
“Communication is the process of using symbols to exchange meaning.”
Communication Definition
Our Textbook
A Model is a visual representation/depiction of how something works.
Models allow us to understand a process by dividing it into parts and looking at how they are related
Models of Communication
The earliest models of comm.
3. communication theory
This document discusses several influential models of communication proposed by theorists over time. It describes Aristotle's view that the receiver determines the objective of a message. It also outlines Laswell's model that communication can be explained by "who says what to whom, in what channel, with what effect." Shannon and Weaver's transmission model introduced elements like a transmitter, receiver, and noise. Schramm's models emphasized common background/culture for correct interpretation and that communication is reciprocal with feedback.
Communication Model
The document discusses different models of communication including the linear, interactive, and transactional models. The linear model involves a one-way communication process, while the interactive model deals with the exchange of ideas in both directions. The transactional model describes communication as an exchange between parties where the roles of sender and receiver are reversed each time a message is sent or received.
Models and Features of Communication.pptx
The document discusses three basic communication models: the linear model which involves a straightforward transmission of information from sender to receiver, the interactive model which allows for feedback and exchange of ideas in both directions, and the transactional model where both parties take turns sending and receiving messages. It also examines Shannon and Weaver's linear model in more detail and provides examples of how to identify the function of communication in different situations. Key features of effective communication like completeness and conciseness are outlined.
Communication skills
Models of communication are conceptual models used to explain the human communication process.
The basic concept of communication is the process of sending and receiving messages or transferring information from one (sender) to another (receiver).
Sender (Information source) – Sender is the person who makes the message, chooses the channel and sends the message.
Encoder (Transmitter) –Encoder is the sender who uses machine, which converts message into signals or binary data. It might also directly refer to the machine.
Channel –Channel is the medium used to send message.
Decoder (Receiver) – Decoder is the machine used to convert signals or binary data into message or the receiver who translates the message from signals.
Receiver (Destination) –Receiver is the person who gets the message or the place where the message must reach. The receiver provides feedback according to the message.
Noise –Noise is the physical disturbances like environment, people, etc. which does not let the message get to the receiver as what is sent.
Schramm's Model of Communication was postulated by Wilbur Schramm in 1954, where he suggested that communication is a two way process where both sender and receiver take turns to send and receive a message.
This model was adapted from the theories of another theorist Osgood, so is also known as Osgood and Schramm Model of Communication or Encode-Decode Model of Communication.
This is model is also known as Dual Approcah or Circular Communication
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Communications
- 2. Introduction Today I will be giving a brief presentation on: Three models of communication, Linear, Interactive, Transactional Examples of things I love linked into the three models
- 3. Linear Communication One way form of communication Within Linear there is; Encoding and Decoding Encoding Decoding Example of something I love with regards to Linear communication - Sport
- 4. Interactive Communication Form of communication where there is both a sender and a receiver. Relies on Knowledge and experiences of both the sender and receiver. Example – Love of Music
- 5. Transactional Communication Both Parties are senders and receivers. Messages are sent and received simultaneously. Example - Sport
- 6. Conclusion Today I briefly covered: The Three Models of Communication I linked them with examples of things that I love in my life
- 7. References http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/topics/topic_co mmunication.html Rebecca Roper – Laswell – What’s Missing(2).ppt(Page 11 of 19) Rebecca Roper – Laswell – What’s Missing(2).ppt(Page 14 of 19)