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The document discusses communication and presentation skills. It notes that while hard work and good ideas are important, the ability to effectively express those ideas to others is also critical. Many people feel nervous about public speaking in front of larger groups. The document then provides tips for overcoming stage fear and giving effective presentations, including practicing deep breathing techniques, focusing on the message, maintaining eye contact with the audience, and preparing the content by analyzing the audience and defining the desired action. It also discusses handling questions and answers during presentations.
This document discusses body language and its importance. It begins by stating the training objective is to make people more confident in their body language usage. It then defines body language as gestures and postures that transmit language. Some key elements of body language discussed include facial expressions, eyes, voice, physical appearance, posture, and gestures. Specific examples are given for different eye movements and their meanings. The document emphasizes using relaxed and energetic body language to engage an audience. It provides dos and don'ts for an effective body language delivery.
Fear of public speaking is one of the most common phobias. The document discusses stage fright and lists its physical symptoms such as increased heart rate, sweating, and trembling. While most people experience some level of anxiety about public speaking, for many it rises to the level of a debilitating phobia. The document provides tips for coping with and overcoming public speaking anxiety such as preparation, positive self-talk, practice, and focusing on helping the audience rather than oneself.
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Bca i ecls_u-5_spoken english skills and body languageRai University
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This document provides tips on using effective body language when presenting. It discusses maintaining eye contact with the audience by looking at individuals for a few seconds each. Facial expressions and gestures should match what is being said to avoid confusion. Presenters should stand with an open posture and balanced stance rather than slouching. Rehearsing helps reduce reliance on notes and nervousness to allow natural body language.
B.sc i ecls_u-5_spoken english skills and body languageRai University
This document provides information about self-introductions and body language. It discusses how to give effective self-introductions in the classroom or during a speech by keeping introductions brief and positive. It also defines body language as non-verbal communication through gestures, facial expressions, and posture. Positive body language includes making eye contact, sitting upright with open palms and relaxed shoulders. Negative body language includes crossed arms, fidgeting, nail biting and other signs of discomfort. The document outlines several positive and negative body language cues and their meanings.
Bjmc i ecls_u-5_spoken english skills and body languageRai University
This document provides information about spoken English skills and body language. It discusses the meaning of self-introduction and how to give an effective self-introduction in the classroom or in a speech. It also defines body language and discusses its importance in communication. The document then lists several body language flaws to avoid such as fidgeting, foot tapping, nail biting, and crossed arms. It provides examples of positive body language like making eye contact, sitting upright, and nodding when listening. Finally, it examines specific hand gestures and their meanings in communication.
The document discusses communication and presentation skills. It notes that while hard work and good ideas are important, the ability to effectively express those ideas to others is also critical. Many people feel nervous about public speaking in front of larger groups. The document then provides tips for overcoming stage fear and giving effective presentations, including practicing deep breathing techniques, focusing on the message, maintaining eye contact with the audience, and preparing the content by analyzing the audience and defining the desired action. It also discusses handling questions and answers during presentations.
This document discusses body language and its importance. It begins by stating the training objective is to make people more confident in their body language usage. It then defines body language as gestures and postures that transmit language. Some key elements of body language discussed include facial expressions, eyes, voice, physical appearance, posture, and gestures. Specific examples are given for different eye movements and their meanings. The document emphasizes using relaxed and energetic body language to engage an audience. It provides dos and don'ts for an effective body language delivery.
Fear of public speaking is one of the most common phobias. The document discusses stage fright and lists its physical symptoms such as increased heart rate, sweating, and trembling. While most people experience some level of anxiety about public speaking, for many it rises to the level of a debilitating phobia. The document provides tips for coping with and overcoming public speaking anxiety such as preparation, positive self-talk, practice, and focusing on helping the audience rather than oneself.
Bdft i ecls_u-5_spoken english skills and body languageRai University
This document provides information about spoken English skills and body language. It discusses the meaning and importance of self-introductions, and provides examples of how to introduce oneself in classroom and speech settings. It then defines body language and discusses its key features. The document outlines several body language flaws to avoid such as fidgeting, crossed arms, and looking down. It provides guidance on displaying confident and positive body language through techniques like making eye contact, sitting upright, and gesturing with open palms. Finally, it examines some specific body language signals and their meanings, both positive and negative.
Bca i ecls_u-5_spoken english skills and body languageRai University
This document provides information about self-introductions, body language, and spoken English skills. It defines self-introduction and discusses how to give effective self-introductions in the classroom or in a speech. It also defines body language, lists common body language flaws to avoid and positive body language cues. Examples of general conversations in English are provided. The document concludes with resources for further information.
This document provides tips on using effective body language when presenting. It discusses maintaining eye contact with the audience by looking at individuals for a few seconds each. Facial expressions and gestures should match what is being said to avoid confusion. Presenters should stand with an open posture and balanced stance rather than slouching. Rehearsing helps reduce reliance on notes and nervousness to allow natural body language.
B.sc i ecls_u-5_spoken english skills and body languageRai University
This document provides information about self-introductions and body language. It discusses how to give effective self-introductions in the classroom or during a speech by keeping introductions brief and positive. It also defines body language as non-verbal communication through gestures, facial expressions, and posture. Positive body language includes making eye contact, sitting upright with open palms and relaxed shoulders. Negative body language includes crossed arms, fidgeting, nail biting and other signs of discomfort. The document outlines several positive and negative body language cues and their meanings.
Bjmc i ecls_u-5_spoken english skills and body languageRai University
This document provides information about spoken English skills and body language. It discusses the meaning of self-introduction and how to give an effective self-introduction in the classroom or in a speech. It also defines body language and discusses its importance in communication. The document then lists several body language flaws to avoid such as fidgeting, foot tapping, nail biting, and crossed arms. It provides examples of positive body language like making eye contact, sitting upright, and nodding when listening. Finally, it examines specific hand gestures and their meanings in communication.
Diploma i ecls_u-5_spoken english skills and body languageRai University
This document provides information about spoken English skills and body language. It discusses the meaning of self-introduction and how to give an effective self-introduction in the classroom or in a speech. It also defines body language and discusses its importance in communication. The document then lists several body language flaws to avoid such as fidgeting, hands in pockets, crossed arms, and looking down. It provides examples of positive body language like making eye contact, sitting upright, and nodding. Finally, it discusses specific gestures and their meanings, such as steepled hands indicating confidence and crossed arms showing defensiveness.
B.tech i ecls_u-5_spoken english skills and body languageRai University
This document provides information about self-introductions and body language. It discusses how to give effective self-introductions in the classroom or during a speech by keeping introductions brief and positive. It also defines body language as non-verbal communication through gestures, facial expressions, and posture. The document lists both positive and negative body language cues, such as making eye contact, sitting upright, and avoiding crossed arms or looking at phones. Mastering proper body language can help convey confidence and openness during interactions.
Bba i ecls_u-5_spoken english skills and body languageRai University
This document provides information about self-introductions, body language, and spoken English skills. It defines self-introduction and discusses how to give effective self-introductions in the classroom or in a speech. It also defines body language, lists common body language flaws to avoid and positive body language cues. Examples of general conversations in English are provided. The document concludes with resources for further information.
Mindqjobs.com : Interview Body LanguageSudeep DSouza
This presentation covers the importance of body language and what it can convey in an interview. Also covered are good body posture, position of hands, movements during the interview and how to handle nervousness in the interview.
Professional and Appealing Presentation Skillsmunaoqal
The document provides guidance on how to give a professional and appealing presentation. It discusses the importance of preparation such as planning objectives, content, and slides. Presenters should practice their delivery through rehearsal with or without visual aids. Good presentation skills include maintaining eye contact, speaking clearly at an appropriate pace, using body language effectively, and dealing confidently with questions. While public speaking fears are common, preparation and experience can help presenters feel more confident and in control of their presentation.
This is a presentation I did for the guys and girls at Mazarin (Pvt) Ltd, on how to do an effective presentation. You can see some of the points mentioned in the presentation being used by checking out this video. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bk8xNZQ3ZwE
This document provides tips on effective body language for presentations. It emphasizes maintaining eye contact with the audience 95% of the time, using facial expressions and gestures that reinforce the message, and keeping an open and engaged stance. Specific tips include choosing several audience members to make eye contact with, using shoulder-level gestures that can be seen, avoiding distracting mannerisms, and practicing to feel more comfortable and less reliant on notes. The key is to connect with the audience through body language that matches the intended message.
This document provides guidance on how to make a powerful presentation. It emphasizes the importance of preparation, including understanding your objective, audience, venue, timing, content, structure, visual aids, and rehearsal. For delivery, it recommends establishing rapport, controlling body language and voice, and using signposting techniques. Overall it stresses the significance of preparation, clarity, and engaging delivery techniques.
When preparing a presentation, there are three important things to consider: the audience, the presentation plan, and delivery. The audience needs to be understood to effectively tailor the presentation. The presentation plan should include content, structure, and visual aids. The content and structure keep the audience engaged, while visual aids enhance understanding. Delivery is also essential, as how something is presented accounts for much of the message received. Body language, eye contact, and enthusiasm during delivery are important to connect with audiences.
The document discusses effective communication and the communication process. It describes communication as involving a sender who encodes a message and sends it through a channel to a receiver who decodes the message. Good communication requires clear encoding by the sender, including structuring the message for the target audience, and clear decoding by the receiver. Nonverbal cues like eye contact, gestures, facial expressions, and posture also influence effective communication. Feedback from the receiver allows the sender to ensure the message was understood.
This document discusses body language in business communication. It begins by defining body language as nonverbal communication through physical behaviors like facial expressions, posture, gestures, eye movement, touch, and use of space. It notes that 55% of communication is nonverbal. It then lists and describes common types of body language like facial expressions, postures, gestures, and tone of voice. It discusses how appearance and physique can influence perceptions of income, status, personality, and occupation. It provides tips for being attractive through good eye contact, facial expressions, head movements, gestures, postures, proximity, body contact, and appearance. It concludes by listing and explaining 15 common body language blunders to avoid in business like leaning back too much
The document discusses communication and presentation skills. It notes that while hard work and good ideas are important, the ability to effectively express those ideas to others is also critical. Many speakers lack confidence and skills to give effective presentations, putting audiences to sleep. Good presentation skills include maintaining eye contact with the audience, using positive body language, speaking clearly, preparing content tailored to the audience, and handling questions confidently without arguing. Mastering these techniques can help presenters engage audiences and accomplish their objectives.
The document discusses body language and nonverbal communication. It describes how body language conveys meaning through gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, smiling, hand gestures, arm and leg positions, and posture. Specific gestures and their potential meanings are examined, such as crossed arms indicating defensiveness while open arms suggest openness. Body language provides important cues about people's emotions and attitudes beyond what is said verbally.
The document discusses body language and nonverbal communication. It describes how body language conveys meaning through gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, smiling, hand gestures, arm and leg positions, and posture. Specific gestures and their potential meanings are examined, such as crossed arms indicating defensiveness while open arms suggest openness. Body language provides important cues about people's emotions and attitudes beyond what is said verbally.
This document provides guidance on developing effective presentation skills. It discusses key elements of presentations such as preparation, delivery, structure, and visual aids. Some best practices include practicing the presentation, keeping content concise and simple, maintaining good posture and eye contact, and engaging the audience. Nervousness during presentations is also addressed, with tips like mental visualization, relaxation techniques, and using nerves as positive energy. The document emphasizes the importance of preparation, customizing the presentation for the audience, and soliciting feedback to improve skills.
Body language is an important form of nonverbal communication. It involves gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, smiles, hand gestures, arm and leg positions, and posture. Different body language signals can convey openness versus defensiveness, enthusiasm versus boredom, confidence versus uncertainty, and other feelings and attitudes without speaking. Being aware of common body language gestures can provide insight into what people are truly thinking or feeling beneath the surface of their words.
HOW A TRAINER MAKES MEMORABLE PRESENTATIONS AT THE WORKPLACE..pptAbraham Ncunge
What is wrong with boring presentations,. Ideal presenter -utilize eye contact and body language and voice to their advantage.
Apply 3As and develops visual Aids and responds to questions .Deals with podium panic
This document provides guidance on how to give effective oral presentations that differ from written forms of communication. It discusses two key factors: there is no written record for the audience to refer back to, so presentations need to be simple and guide the audience; and the presenter must be the center of attention through their delivery. Techniques are presented for effective use of voice, eye contact, positioning, body language, dress, visual aids and handling questions. The importance of preparation, content organization, audience analysis, rehearsal and confidence are also covered to help presenters deliver clear, engaging presentations.
This document discusses non-verbal communication and active listening. It notes that 55% of communication is through facial expressions, 38% is through paralinguistics like tone of voice, and only 7% is the actual words. It describes various non-verbal cues like eye contact, body language, gestures, and personal space. It also discusses active listening techniques like using open questions that can't be answered with just yes or no, reflecting back what the speaker said, and focusing on listening more than talking. The overall message is that to truly understand communication, one must consider both the verbal and non-verbal aspects of what is said and how it is said.
This document is the outline for Lecture 6b on grammar, usage, and style. It discusses various grammar topics including tenses, quantifiers, relative pronouns, modal verbs, link verbs, adverbs, and prepositions. Specific topics covered include present and past tenses, quantifiers like any vs some, relative pronouns, modal verbs like can and may, and linking words.
This document outlines a lecture on grammar, usage, and style in research projects and presentations. It covers punctuation including dashes, hyphens, parentheses, periods, and semicolons. It also discusses referring to literature, figures, tables, indefinite articles, and the zero article. The lecture aims to teach proper grammar and style for research writing.
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The document provides guidance on how to give a professional and appealing presentation. It discusses the importance of preparation such as planning objectives, content, and slides. Presenters should practice their delivery through rehearsal with or without visual aids. Good presentation skills include maintaining eye contact, speaking clearly at an appropriate pace, using body language effectively, and dealing confidently with questions. While public speaking fears are common, preparation and experience can help presenters feel more confident and in control of their presentation.
This is a presentation I did for the guys and girls at Mazarin (Pvt) Ltd, on how to do an effective presentation. You can see some of the points mentioned in the presentation being used by checking out this video. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bk8xNZQ3ZwE
This document provides tips on effective body language for presentations. It emphasizes maintaining eye contact with the audience 95% of the time, using facial expressions and gestures that reinforce the message, and keeping an open and engaged stance. Specific tips include choosing several audience members to make eye contact with, using shoulder-level gestures that can be seen, avoiding distracting mannerisms, and practicing to feel more comfortable and less reliant on notes. The key is to connect with the audience through body language that matches the intended message.
This document provides guidance on how to make a powerful presentation. It emphasizes the importance of preparation, including understanding your objective, audience, venue, timing, content, structure, visual aids, and rehearsal. For delivery, it recommends establishing rapport, controlling body language and voice, and using signposting techniques. Overall it stresses the significance of preparation, clarity, and engaging delivery techniques.
When preparing a presentation, there are three important things to consider: the audience, the presentation plan, and delivery. The audience needs to be understood to effectively tailor the presentation. The presentation plan should include content, structure, and visual aids. The content and structure keep the audience engaged, while visual aids enhance understanding. Delivery is also essential, as how something is presented accounts for much of the message received. Body language, eye contact, and enthusiasm during delivery are important to connect with audiences.
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Body language is an important form of nonverbal communication. It involves gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, smiles, hand gestures, arm and leg positions, and posture. Different body language signals can convey openness versus defensiveness, enthusiasm versus boredom, confidence versus uncertainty, and other feelings and attitudes without speaking. Being aware of common body language gestures can provide insight into what people are truly thinking or feeling beneath the surface of their words.
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What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
2. Lecture Outline
1. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
1. At the start
2. Walking
3. Eye Contact
4. Facial Expression
5. Sitting and standing
6. Middle of talk
7. Movement
8. Questions
9. At the end
2. Nerves
1. Advantages of nerves
2. Controlling your nerves
1. Mental attitude
2. Good breathing
3. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
At the start
• The first action by audience is to look at you. You may be:
• sitting at the top of the table and they come to join you
• already in the audience and have to come to the front
• walking into the room and take your place when they are already there
• Now they will make up their minds about you long before you
speak. What do they see?
• If you put your head down . . . fail to look at them . . . hunch your
shoulders and shuffle your feet, they may reasonably assume that you
don’t want to talk to them.
4. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
At the start (cont.)
• You’re there under protest and you’re going to take your
irritation out on them.
• Their immediate reaction:
• if you don’t want to talk to them, they don’t want to listen to
you.
• You’ve started to make a poor relationship with them
without saying a word.
5. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
At the start (cont.)
• You’re clearly nervous if
• you rush into the room . . . give them a quick glance . . . pass half a smile . . .
sit down as quickly as possible . . . keep your head down.
• The audience will be sympathetic towards your nerves (worry/anxiety) and
perhaps sorry for you, but also apprehensive (worried)
6. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
At the start (cont.)
• If you’re so uptight (nervous) before you even start to speak, will you
actually manage to talk to them?
• Suppose you can’t, and you break down, and they are embarrassed.
• You’ve established a wary relationship with them:
• they’re unsure about what’s to follow and they reserve their judgement to
see what happens.
7. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
At the start (cont.)
• If you walk in at a brisk (quick, energetic, and active) but unhurried pace . .
your head is up . . . your first action is to look round . . . smile at the
audience.
• As you reach your place, you either sit or stand in an alert posture, looking
as if you really want to talk to the people in front of you. What happens?
• As you smile at the audience, they will smile back (people do), which makes them
feel good because smiling is a pleasant action, and it encourages you, because you
can see that their first response is friendly.
• They’re impressed by your obvious confidence and they assume that you
have something interesting to say and you want to say it.
• They settle down happily to wait for you to start.
8. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Walking
• The way you walk is a clue to your emotions.
• Think of this in ordinary life:
• if you feel cheerful, you have a lively, almost bouncy style of walking
• if you feel miserable, you tend to look down and move more slowly and
heavily
• You need to convey a cheerful message to your audience in the way
you walk.
• If your walk and the other aspects of your NVC are the result of your
emotions, you need to have the ‘right’ emotions.
9. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Walking (cont.)
• How can you achieve right emotions? There are two ways:
• Convince yourself before presentation:
• Audience is good, friendly and supportive
• Information being shared is first-rate, interesting and rehearsed
• you look forward to sharing it with them
• Say this over and over again, whether it’s true or not.
• Act like artiste:
• Pretend that you’re taking a role in a play . . . the script requires you to show a cheerful,
enthusiastic state of mind. So you do, no matter how you really feel.
• Ultimately, you start to make the emotion true.
• NVC is so powerful that it can actually produce the right feelings
• Now you know why some good actors can cry on stage whenever tears are
needed!
10. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Eye contact
• Now you’ve walked confidently to your place and looked at the
audience.
• That look is of enormous importance:
• in our culture, eye contact between speakers, or between speaker and
audience, is essential.
• In ordinary conversation, we expect the person who’s talking to us to
look at us, and if they don’t, we start to suspect their honesty.
• During presentation, you can’t afford to be untrustworthy
• either not believing what you say or trying to hide information
11. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Eye contact (cont.)
• If you feel nervous, still you must make eye contact.
• Genuine eye contact has to be brief:
• looking just over their heads or at their hairlines, as they will soon become
aware of what you’re doing.
• if you hold it for too long, you are both likely to be embarrassed – a terrible
distraction in a presentation.
12. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Eye contact (cont.)
• Problem: You can’t look at everyone all of the time, and if you have a
large audience
• you can’t make eye contact with few people
• you might not even be able to see them clearly
• Solution: Make eye contact with different people in different parts
of the room
• if a few people are missed, they will understand that you’ve at least tried to
look in their direction.
13. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Eye contact (cont.)
• Difficult eye contact
• with those sitting to the immediate left and right of you; they’re outside the
normal arc of your vision.
• Solution: From time to time, turn slightly in their direction and make
eye contact with them so that they don’t feel left out.
• Don’t let this become regular, though, or you may look as if you’re watching a
tennis match.
• The importance of making eye contact:
• it’s virtually the foundation of the trust that must exist between speaker and
audience.
14. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Eye contact (cont.)
• If you make eye contact at the beginning
• you’re likely to go on doing so throughout your presentation
• If you DO NOT make eye contact at the beginning
• it will become increasingly difficult, and you may never manage
15. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Facial expression
• At the start of your talk
• you not only look at the audience – you smile at them.
• Speakers are sometimes reluctant to use facial expression in a formal
setting
• Your expression supports your words.
• Just as your friend interprets your body language, the audience also
recognizes how you feel about what you’re saying.
16. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Facial expression (cont.)
• It’s difficult to deceive audience. For example,
• try saying surprising without looking surprised, then you are trying to deceive
• A smile is one of the easiest and most commonly recognized signs of
emotion
• it suggests friendliness, contentment, shared experience – all aspects of a
successful presentation.
• Start your rapport with the audience by smiling at them and, as we
said earlier, they’ll respond by smiling back.
17. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Sitting and standing
• If you choose to sit, because it’s expected
• Sit far back in your chair as you can, thus giving yourself maximum back support
• You can put your feet under the chair or together in front of you.
• Don’t stretch your legs out and cross your feet, as this will tend to make you slide
down in the chair until you look too casual, too much at ease.
• Crossing and re-crossing your legs will distract your audience.
• Lean slightly towards the table if you need to do so
• if you have a script in front of you, don’t hunch your shoulders forward over it
• put the script at the right distance for easy reading
• be ready to look up at other people as often as you can
18. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Sitting and standing (cont.)
• If you choose to stand, because it’s expected
• stand in a well-balanced way so that you aren’t tempted to rock back and
forwards or from side to side as it is distracting
• Keep your feet a small distance apart (about 5–6 cm, depending on your
height) and balance your weight equally between them.
• Do not to look too stiff as it looks odd
• Put your main weight on the heels of your feet rather than forward on your
toes
• Don’t let either your arms or your legs become too stiff and tense
• You need to be able to move as needed without finding that your joints have
become locked into position
19. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Middle of your talk
• You’re ready to start your talk and your audience is ready to listen.
• For the next 20 minutes, or however long it lasts, you’ll be using body
language to reinforce (strengthen) your meaning.
• Sometimes it will be totally natural:
• you use your hand to indicate a height (‘so high!’)
• you pick up the pointer and move back to indicate a detail on the screen
• you say something mildly amusing and smile
20. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Middle of your talk (cont.)
• When you aren’t doing any of these things, what do you do with your
hands?
• Speaker’s hands present a bit of a problem:
• if you wave them in the air, they can be distracting
• if you put them in your pockets, you look too casual
• if you fold your arms, you look defensive
• if you put your fingers together to form a sort of church, you look as if you might be
going to preach a sermon
• Some speakers put their hands behind their back
• Some speakers let their hands hanging loosely by their sides
• Clearly, none of these hands gesture is desirable.
21. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Middle of your talk (cont.)
• Easiest way to deal is to hold something in your hands:
• Notes or a pointer. Hold them either you will be using it or not.
• Nobody is going to worry if you hold one.
• If you’re sitting down then holding something is less comfortable
• if you can keep them tidily under the table or holding your script.
• If you need to stress a point, then do not forget to use your hands
• but first put down anything you’re holding.
22. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Middle of your talk (cont.)
• Too many speakers wave a pointer in the air as if they were
conducting an orchestra with it, or cling on to notes while trying to
change an overhead projector slide and end up dropping everything.
• Open hands signify friendliness and sympathy with other people
• A clenched fist is aggressive.
• If you use your hands to indicate someone, do so with your hand
open, palm outstretched towards the person indicated.
• Don’t use a finger to point
23. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Movement
• There will be moments when you want to move towards the
audience.
• For example,
• if you suggest agreement, the problem you all share, you can strengthen your
words by a slight forward movement – if you’re standing, take a step or two
forwards.
• You may need to move back to the screen or turn towards people
sitting at the side.
• These are easy, natural movements, which have the effect of reinforcing your
meaning.
24. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Movement (cont.)
• Body language is powerful.
• If you say you’re happy to answer questions while moving backwards . . .
your audience might well get the impression . . . that you’d rather run away!
25. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Questions
• As you receive a question, look (pleasantly!) at the questioner, and as
you finish your answer, look at the questioner again with a smile.
• In between, while you are giving the answer, look round at the whole
audience;
• this keeps them involved and helps you to continue to project your voice for
everyone to hear.
26. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
Questions (cont.)
• If your questioner sits on the front row, you can easily get into
conversation with him or her, dropping your voice and forgetting that
the rest of the audience wants to hear what you say.
• If you turn too far towards a questioner and forget to turn back, you
may end up addressing half the audience while the other half is left
out.
27. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
End of the session
• Finally, questions are finished, and you are free to sit down or sit
back.
• Remember that you’re still on view
• if you sigh with relief that it’s all over, or flop back in your chair with a look of
exhaustion, the audience will notice this, too.
• It’s the last thing they see of you, it’s the impression they’ll be left
with.
28. Non-verbal communication (NVC)
End of the session (cont.)
• In a very formal and stressful presentation (i.e. interview) this could
be disastrous.
• Leave your audience with a smile and walk off in the same lively,
alert way in which you appeared at the start
• Both they and you will be left with a sense of a job well done
29. Nerves
• How to do away with nerves before a presentation?
• most important message about nerves is that they are a good thing.
• Be grateful for your nerves and don’t try to get rid of them, especially
in counterproductive ways such as taking caffeine
• as it dries the throat and tends to undermine the tension that you really
should be feeling.
30. Nerves
Advantages of nerves
• Why are nerves so beneficial?
• Firstly, they produce a flow of adrenalin which lifts your brain power and may help
you to remember information you didn’t even know you knew.
• The second advantage of nerves is that they help you to build a rapport
(relationship) with the audience.
• Audiences sense your nervous tension and are complimented by it.
• The adrenalin has another useful effect:
• it brightens your performance, adding an edge to it which creates a sense of
excitement in your listeners and also, interestingly, in you.
• This is one of the reasons why students who’ve particularly dreaded
(feared) giving a talk often say afterwards, in surprise,
• ‘It was really quite fun, once I got going.’
31. Nerves
Advantages of nerves (cont.)
• You obviously care about audience and want to do well – otherwise,
why would you be nervous?
• Other answer could be you haven’t prepared and rehearsed your talk
properly
• Inexperienced speakers often worry about letting the audience see
that they’re nervous.
• As if there were some kind of disgrace in making the end of the pointer or
your notes shake a bit. Audiences don’t mind at all, as long as you remain in
control.
• If you lose control and your nerves overwhelm you, then you
embarrass them and they don’t like that to happen.
32. Nerves
Overconfidence
• If you aren’t nervous, you lose these advantages, and you may face
another problem.
• It’s possible to be overconfident, and if you are then you may face
problem.
• Overconfidence:
• may mean that the speaker doesn’t prepare the material sufficiently thoroughly or
rehearse enough.
• may also produce a casual, laid-back approach, which the audience perceives as a
lack of concern for them.
• If they don’t matter to the speaker, why should audience bother to listen?
• Or, more worryingly, they may take their revenge later by asking extremely difficult
questions!
33. Nerves
Controlling your nerves
• You need to be nervous, but not to be overcome by nerves.
• The best way to achieve nervousness is to make sure that:
• you have plenty of good, accurate information to give
• you’ve rehearsed your talk carefully with the appropriate visual aids
• You must have confidence in your material and your ability to convey
it to others.
34. Nerves
Controlling your nerves: Mental Attitude
• Ideally, a speaker should be thinking, ‘Yes, I’m nervous, but I’m also
confident that I can do this.’
• Such a mixture of nerves and confidence allows the adrenalin to flow but keeps you
in control.
• Tell yourself, especially in the final half hour or so before your talk that:
• you’ve got good material
• you’ve rehearsed it well
• audience will be friendly
• audience is impressed by what you say
• you can make a success of this and fully intend to do so
• This auto-suggestion won’t remove your nerves, but it’s surprising how it
increases your confidence.
35. Nerves
Controlling your nerves: Good breathing
• Make sure that you breathe properly.
• In discussing ways of using your voice well, we talked about the need
to breathe deeply from the diaphragm without hunching your
shoulders.
• It’s important as you approach your talk, because nerves have the effect of
making you raise and tense your shoulders and neck muscles.
• Notice, next time you’re really agitated about something, how you
instinctively react with your shoulders and be aware that this has a
wider effect.
36. Nerves
Controlling your nerves: Good breathing
• Breathe deeply a couple of times … shake your shoulders gently … to
make sure that they’re relaxed … and let your arms flop by your side.
• You’re easing the tension in your shoulders and arms, which will
communicate itself to your whole body.
• Deep breathing has a beneficial effect on our whole body, not least
on any nervous tension.
• While you wait to speak, take a good breath, relax your shoulders
and then let the breath out slowly and in a controlled way.
37. Nerves
Controlling your nerves: Good breathing
• You can do this, if you practice, without the audience noticing
anything, and you will automatically feel more confident, more in
control.
• There will be moments even during your talk when you can do this
again.
• If you’re waiting while the audience looks at a visual aid (they won’t be
looking at you), do the same little exercise
• If you are waiting for questions.
38. Nerves
Controlling your nerves: Good breathing
• If there is a problem, for example,
• you lose your place in your notes or use the wrong visual aid . . . give yourself
a moment to put it right in silence . . . take a deep breath . . . and let it out in
a slow, controlled way.
• Forget the incident, as the audience will.
• If you continue to worry about it, you’ll start to lose confidence.
• It’s much better to accept that little difficulties can arise even in the
best and most professional of presentations, and if you’ve handled it
well, nobody will worry.
39. Bibliography
• Van Emden, J., & Becker, L. (2016). Presentation skills for students.
Macmillan International Higher Education.