COMMUNICATION- Introduction, definition, elements, types & function
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Communication is a process of exchanging messages,information,ideas,thoughts.Elements of communication involves speaker,listener,message,medium.Types of communication involves verbal communication & nonverbal communication. Functions of communication involve regulatory,instrumental,informative,imaginative and many more.
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This document discusses communication skills and barriers to effective communication. It begins by defining communication and its key components: a sender, message, and recipient. It then outlines various methods of communication, including verbal, non-verbal, and visual. Specific types like verbal, non-verbal, and their advantages and disadvantages are explained in more detail. The communication cycle and various barriers like semantic, psychological, organizational, and cultural barriers are also covered. The document emphasizes that effective communication is important for building relationships and conveying ideas clearly.
INTERPERSONAL-COMMUdNICATIjjjjjjjON.pptx
The document discusses the key elements and characteristics of effective interpersonal communication. It defines interpersonal communication as the exchange of information between two or more people, including ideas, feelings, and meanings. Effective interpersonal communication involves both verbal and nonverbal elements such as body language, tone of voice, facial expressions, and other cues. It also requires clear sending and receiving of messages with appropriate feedback between communicators.
Chapter 1 on the nature of communication
Here are the definitions of the nonverbal communication terms:
1. Kinesics - body movements and gestures
2. Proxemics - use and interpretation of space
3. Chronemics - how people perceive and use time
4. Haptics - sense of touch and tactile communication
5. Olfactics - smells and scents in communication
6. Artefactual - use of objects in communication
7. Physical Appearance - how physical attributes communicate
The difference between verbal and nonverbal communication is:
Verbal communication involves the use of words, either spoken or written. Nonverbal communication involves all other aspects of communication that are not words. It includes facial expressions, eye
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This document provides an overview of integrated therapy. It discusses why therapy is important for children with developmental, communication, behavioral or other disorders. It then describes different types of therapeutic treatments including behavioral, developmental, educational, social-relational, pharmacological and psychological approaches. A key part of integrated therapy is providing treatment within the classroom rather than separate sessions. Benefits include increased practice opportunities, better generalization of skills and enhanced collaboration between therapists and teachers. The document provides tips for discussing integrated therapy with families.
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In integrated therapy model,all specialist working in a collaborative manner,a special educator,a educator,a psychologist,a physiotherapist,an occupational therapist and a speech language pathologist.For a rehabilitation of a child there will a team who firstly discussed the whole things and then start the treatment plan.
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Augmentative alternative Communication used by those who are not able use speech and language as a mode of communication.How AAC started ,what is the name of first AAc,How it develops till now........
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Augmentative alternative communication is basically used by those who are not able to use speech and language as a primary mode of communication. AAC divided in two parts unaided and aided. Again aided divided in high tech AAC and Low tech AAC.
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Speech production is a complex functioning of our system.speech is an overlaid function .systems involve s in speech production already have their primary function ;their secondary functions are for speech productions.Systems involve in this process are respiratory system,phonatory system, resonatory system ,articulatory system & regulatory system.
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When a child or adult suffering with communication disorder, it is necessary to perform a speech & language evaluation. we perform it after case history. This assessment should be performed by a speech language pathologist. In this assessment a SLP is asked about mode of communication,language background,details about receptive and expressive verbal and nonverbal communication.There will be an assessment of all oral peripheral mechanism in the form of appearance and function.In the end there will be assessment of formal tests as REELS,SECS and many more.In the end SLP will give provisional diagnosis and recommendations.
Gifted children
Gifted child, any child who is naturally endowed with a high degree of general mental ability or extraordinary ability in a specific sphere of activity or knowledge. The designation of giftedness is largely a matter of administrative convenience. In most countries the prevailing definition is an intelligence quotient (IQ) of 130 or above. Increasingly, however, schools use multiple measures of giftedness and assess a wide variety of talents, including verbal, mathematical, spatial-visual, musical, and interpersonal abilities.
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There are nine National Institutes under this Ministry working in the field of disability. National Institutes are autonomous bodies established for different types of disabilities. These institutes are engaged in Human Resources Development in the field of disability, providing rehabilitation services to the persons with disabilities and Research and Development efforts.
National Institutes are engaged in Human Resource Development in the field of disability, providing rehabilitation services to the Persons with Disabilities and undertaking Research and Development efforts. National Institutes also provide vocational skill training, placement and distribution of assistive aids and appliances to PwDs.
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RPWD Act 2016 addresses some of the long standing demands of the Indian persons with disabilities. Inclusion of more conditions in disability list, free education for disabled children, framework for supporting institutional and social infrastructure, making accessible environment and provisions of punishment for violation of RPWD Act are very important.
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The main focus of prevention in health care is to stop health conditions from occurring (primary prevention). However, prevention also involves early detection and treatment to stop the progression of a health condition (secondary prevention) and management to reduce the consequences of an existing health condition (tertiary prevention).Prevention interventions can be at one of three levels.Primary prevention – the phrase “prevention is better than cure” is one that many people are familiar with and is the focus of primary prevention. Primary prevention is directed at avoidance and uses interventions that prevent health conditions from occurring. These interventions are mainly aimed at people (e.g. changing health behaviours, immunisation, nutrition) and the environments in which they live (safe water supplies, sanitation, good living and working conditions). Secondary prevention is the early detection and early treatment of health conditions, with the aim of curing or lessening their impacts. Tertiary prevention aims to limit or reverse the impact of already existing health conditions and impairments; it includes rehabilitation services and interventions that aim to prevent activity limitations and to promote independence, participation and inclusion.
Suprasegmental aspects of speech
Suprasegmental are often referred to as the prosodic, temporal, or patterned features of speech, or as the “melody” of speech.
Speech features are rhythmic in that they occur in patterns which differ from language to language.
Speech rhythm carries meaning, aids understanding, conveys emotional state ,and expresses esthetic qualities.
Suprasegmental features are produced by controlled changes in voice ,pitch ,loudness and duration.
Suprasegmental, in phonetics, a speech feature such as stress, tone, or word juncture that accompanies or is added over consonants and vowels; these features are not limited to single sounds but often extend over syllables, words, or phrases.
All of the Suprasegmental features are characterized by the fact that they must be described in relation to other items in the same utterance. It is the relative values of the pitch, length, or degree of stress of an item that are significant.
suprasegmental features includes- accent,stress/emphasis,intonation,phrasing,rate.
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Early childhood special education (ECSE)/Early intervention (EI) services can be defined as providing necessary services such as health, nutrition, & education based on the needs children with developmental delay/disability or at risk for developmental delay/disability between age of 0 & 6/8 & to their family in order to minimise the negative effects influencing children & their families & to maximise the overall quality of life of children & their families.(Sabuncuoglu & Diken, 2010).
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screening can be done by special educators too, they can take help of parents or caregiver who knows child’s development and behaviours. After that they will refer them to the nearest centres for complete assessment of child’s hearing. It will be focuses on determining with accuracy, not just the existence of the hearing difficulty but also details about its nature type and extent.
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A recent survey of the leadership of teachers indicated that many teachers feel inadequately prepared to implement inclusive education and view increased collaboration with specialists as essential to building their capacity in this area.Many educators not feel prepared to teach children with disabilities. Many are not aware of how best to support students with speech, language and communication needs in classroom. SLP plays an integral role in working with classroom teams to ensure that content is presented in a variety of forms that teaching strategies promote active attention and engagement, and that students have various opportunities and modalities to communicate and to share information. Therapists identified a broader range of competencies as a result of the shift from the medical model of support to the educational or social model of support. Therapists need to have knowledge about school systems, school culture, and curriculum, understand the demands of the curriculum on the learner’s language and communication skills.Collaboration of SLP with teacher direct support & indirect support involved together.
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Speech sound disorders is an umbrella term referring to any combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, and/or the phonological representation of speech sounds and speech segments that impact speech intelligibility.
Known causes of speech sound disorders include motor-based disorders (apraxia and dysarthria), structurally based disorders and conditions (e.g., cleft palate and other craniofacial anomalies), syndrome/condition-related disorders (e.g., Down syndrome) and sensory-based conditions (e.g., hearing impairment.
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Assessments include screening and detailed comprehensive assessment.
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COMMUNICATION- Introduction, definition, elements, types & function
- 3. INTRODUCTION Human beings communicate to share ideas,feelings,desires,emotions etc. We observe and take part in several communicative interactions everyday. We all either giving or receiving information throughout the day.
- 4. Communication, "The imparting or exchanging of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium. …The successful conveying or sharing of ideas and feelings”(Oxford English Dictionary) Communication refers to the exchange of message between two or more people. It also includes exchange of feelings and emotions. DEFINITION
- 6. ELEMENTS There are four things which are necessary for communication process- The speaker The listener Message Medium
- 7. CONT.……. The process of communication is incomplete in the absence of nay above mentioned components. Communication is an active and intentional process. The speaker intentionally transmits information and the listener intentionally receives it and subsequently they may exchange their roles.
- 8. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION Communication divided mainly in two parts- Verbal communication Nonverbal communication
- 10. VERBAL COMMUNICATION Communication involving speech is called verbal communication Verbal communication is the use of language to transfer information through speaking or sign language. It is one of the most common types, often used during presentations, video conferences and phone calls, meetings and one-on-one conversations. Verbal communication is important because it is efficient. It can be helpful to support verbal communication with both nonverbal and written communication.
- 11. NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION Communication involving modes other than speech are considered as Nonverbal. Nonverbal communication is the use of body language, gestures and facial expressions to convey information to others. It can be used both intentionally and unintentionally. For example, you might smile unintentionally when you hear a pleasing or enjoyable idea or piece of information. Sometimes nonverbal methods may be developed to supplement the speech communication.
- 12. FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION INSTRUMENTAL- to satisfy one’s needs REGULATRORY- to control other’s behavior, persuade ,convince ,correct ,criticize ,threaten demand INTERACTION- to greet ,express various social routine and to mix with other fellows PERSONAL-to be aware of one’s self and to be regulate one’s own behavior
- 13. CONT.….. HEURISTIC-to seek information, concept formation relating to development of ideas and knowledge IMAGINATIVE-to involve in imagination fantasy ,artistic use of language ,to comment or think about language INFORMATIVE- to convey information ,protest ,anger ,madness
- 14. REFERENCE SkillsYouNeed.com BusinessJargons.com Awareness cum training packages in Disability Manual on developing communication skills in Mentally Restarted persons