This document provides a summary of common Linux commands organized into the following sections: setting kernel parameters, setting process limits, adding interim swap/tmp space, troubleshooting tools, Bash shell tweaks, key system configuration files, system information commands, network information commands, package management commands, user management commands, backup/restore/file transfer commands, and miscellaneous commands. It includes brief descriptions of commands such as lsof, netstat, tcpdump, strace, chage, passwd, tar, zip, and others. The document is a pocket guide to essential Linux commands and system configuration.

1. Common Linux
Commands
Pocket Guide
Setting Kernel Parameters
Kernel parameters for Oracle*
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* per MetaLink 169706.1
Setting Process Limits
Add settings to /etc/security/limits.conf:
Adding Interim Swap Space
Adding Interim /tmp Space
Troubleshooting
lsof -i ssss
lsof -p pid
netstat -anlp
tcpdump ethereal
strace -p pid
nc
Bash Shell Tweaks

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Key System Configuration Files
/etc/exports
/etc/fstab
/etc/grub.conf
/etc/init.d
/etc/inittab
/etc/lilo.conf
/etc/ocfs.conf
/etc/nsswitch.conf
/etc/profile.d
/etc/raidtab
/etc/security/limits.conf
/etc/sysconfig
/etc/sysctl.conf
/etc/updatedb.conf
/etc/xinetd.d
/etc/X11/XF86Config
/proc/cpuinfo
/proc/meminfo
/proc/mdstat
/proc/swaps
/proc/sys/kernel/sem
/proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
/proc/sys/kernel/shmmni
System Information
chkconfig
service daemon on
chroot directory
dmesg
kudzu
ld
lsmod
pstree -ca
shutdown -t 60 -r time mesg
startx
screen
Xvfb
File System Management
fdformat /dev/fd0H1440
fdisk -l
fdisk /dev/hda
hdparm -i /dev/hda
hdparm -i -d1 -m16 -c3 -k1 /dev/hda
mkbootdisk kernel
mk2efs -m 1 -j /dev/hdb5
mkswap /dev/hdb1
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
mount -t vfat /dev/hda9 /mnt
hda9
mount -o loop file.iso /mnt
mcopy file1 file2
sftp user@host
swapon /dev/hdb1
tune2fs c 0 /dev/hda2
tune2fs -l /dev/hda1
umount /filesystem
Network Information
dig domain
ifconfig -a
netstat -rn
host xxx
route -e
Package Management
rpm -qa
rpm -qil package
rpm -ivh package
rpm -Fvh package
rpm -e package
up2date
User Management
$HOME/.bash_profile
$HOME/.bash_logout
chage
chage -d0
chsh
groupadd group
passwd user
passwd
ssh user@host
ulimit -a
useradd -d home_dir -g primary_group -G
secondary_group username
Backup, Restore and File Transfer
curl url
scp user@host:file1 file2
tar -xzvf tarfile
tarfile
tar -czvf tarfile
unzip zipfile pattern
zip -r zipfile pattern
ncftp
Miscellaneous
dircolors
import
import -
opcontrol