COHERENCE OF TRUTH.pptx
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The document discusses the coherence theory of truth, which states that a proposition is true if it coheres with a specified set of propositions (1). There are different versions that give varying accounts of the coherence relation and set of propositions (2). Early advocates were persuaded by metaphysical questions, while critics argue that coherence is not sufficient for truth and cannot exclude implausible beliefs (3).
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Pragmatism is a philosophical tradition that began in the United States around 1870 and during the first quarter of the ninetieth century became the most influential school of philosophy. It based on the principle that the usefulness, workability, and practicality of ideas, policies, and proposals are the criteria of their merit. It is associated with names such as Charles S. Peirce (1839-1934), William James (1842-1910), John Dewey (1859-1952), and George Herbert Mead (1863-1931), all of them are American. Therefore, it is strongly reflects the properties of American’s life and became the school of thought that affects all of its fields.
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- Coherence theory states that truth depends on one's beliefs and is relative to those beliefs.
- Correspondence theory holds that truth is based on facts that are universally agreed upon, irrespective of individual beliefs.
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A fact is a basic statement proven true through experiment or observation under specific conditions. A law is a mathematical relationship between two or more things based on proven facts and hypotheses. A hypothesis is a tentative statement that can be tested, such as "if A happens then B must happen". A theory provides an explanation for why laws and facts exist that can be tested for accuracy. In contrast, a belief is a statement that cannot be scientifically proven.
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This document discusses the nature of truth and different theories about truth. It explains that truth refers to statements that correspond to actual facts or realities in the world. There are three main theories on the nature of truth: (1) the correspondence theory which states that a belief is true if it corresponds to a real fact or entity, (2) the coherence theory which defines truth based on coherence with other beliefs, and (3) the pragmatic theory which defines truth based on the usefulness of believing a statement. The document also discusses different domains of truth, including scientific, social, personal truths, and the different types of justification used to establish truth within each domain such as empirical evidence, social acceptability, and authenticity of claims.
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The document discusses different views of truth, including the correspondence view which holds that truth corresponds to reality. It also discusses relative views which hold that truth can vary by person, time, or place. However, the document argues that relativism is self-defeating, and that truth must be absolute to avoid contradictions. It defends a correspondence view of truth and addresses objections to this view.
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In this presentation I consider the very definition of perspectivism. Perspectivism is considered to be a stance. Various definitions of perspectivism are compared to relativism and realism (absolutism). Some basic topics of perspectivism are shortly analyzed.
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- 2. COHERENCE OF TRUTH • A coherence theory of truth states that the truth of any (true) proposition consist in its coherence with some specified set proposition. • The theory of truth according which a belief is true just in case, or to the extent that, it coheres with the system of other beliefs.
- 3. TRUTH AND FACTS The coherence theory • Seems circular or question begging: it defines truth in terms of coherence with our knowledge. But knowledge presupposes true belief. • If we know something, then surely anything that contradicts that knowledge will be false.
- 4. VERSION OF COHERENCE OF TRUTH • The coherence theory have different versions. The version differ on two major of issues. Different versions of theory give different account of the coherence relation different varieties of theory also give various account of the set (or set) of proposition with witch true proportion cohere.
- 5. ARGUMENT FOR COHERENCE THEORIES OF TRUTH •Two principal lines of argument have led philosopher to adopt a coherence theory of truth. Early advocates of coherence theory were persuaded by reflection by metaphysical question.
- 6. CRITICISM OF COHERENCE THEORIES OF TRUTH •Any coherence theory of truth faces two principal challenges. The first may be called the specification objection.
- 7. 3 THEORIES REGARDING TRUTH • 2 coherence theory – a proposition is true if it fits our overall set of beliefs 1. Coherence is not sufficient for truth. -Some things make sense but they are not truth( oliver stones J.F.K theory ) 2.Coherence cannot exclude crazy beliefs. - Moon mission were faked to make the look round. 3.Coherence may lead to complacency. -reject what doesn't fit (counterintuitive in science for progress).