Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the Coffea plant.

1. University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine - Bucharest
Coffee
Teacher :Mihai Daniel Frumușelu Student: Patrașcu Dragoș
Group: 8216

2. Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which
are the seeds of berries from the Coffea plant. The genus Coffea is
native to tropical Africa, and Madagascar.
The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world
and coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries , primarily
in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and
Africa. The two most commonly grown are the highly
regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and more
hardy robusta. Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and
dried. Dried coffee seeds (referred to as beans) are roasted to
varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor. Roasted beans
are ground and brewed with near boiling water to produce coffee as
a beverage.

3. Coffee is slightly acidic and can have a stimulating effect on
humans because of its caffeine content. Coffee is one of the most
popular drinks in the world. It can be prepared and presented in a
variety of ways (espresso, French press, cafe latte ). It is usually
served hot, although iced coffee is also served. Clinical studies
indicate that moderate coffee consumption is benign or mildly
beneficial in healthy adults, with continuing research on whether
long-term consumption inhibits cognitive decline during aging or
lowers the risk of some forms of cancer.

4. LEGENDARY ACCOUNTS
According to legend, ancestors of today's Oromo people in a
region of Kaffa in Ethiopia were believed to have been the first to
recognize the energizing effect of the coffee plant, though no direct
evidence has been found indicating where in Africa coffee grew or
who among the native populations might have used it as a
stimulant or even known about it, earlier than the 17th century. The
story of Kaldi, the 9th-century Ethiopian goatherd who discovered
coffee when he noticed how excited his goats became after eating
the beans from a coffee plant, did not appear in writing until 1671
and is probably apocryphal.

5. CULTIVATION
The traditional method of planting coffee is to place 20 seeds in each
hole at the beginning of the rainy season. This method loses about
50% of the seeds' potential, as about half fail to sprout. A more
effective method of growing coffee, used in Brazil, is to raise
seedlings in nurseries that are then planted outside at six to twelve
months. Coffee is often intercropped with food crops, such
as corn, beans, or rice during the first few years of cultivation as
farmers become familiar with its requirements.Coffee plants grow
within a defined area between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn,
termed the bean belt or coffee belt.
Of the two main species grown, arabica coffee is generally more
highly regarded than robusta coffee ; robusta tends to be bitter and
have less flavor but better body than arabica. For these reasons,
about three-quarters of coffee cultivated worldwide is C.
arabica.Robusta strains also contain about 40–50% more caffeine
than arabica. Consequently, this species is used as an inexpensive
substitute for arabica in many commercial coffee blends. Good quality
robusta beans are used in traditional Italian espresso blends to
provide a full-bodied taste and a better foam head (known as crema).

6. PROCESSING
Coffee berries and their seeds undergo several processes before
they become the familiar roasted coffee. Berries have been
traditionally selectively picked by hand; a labor-intensive method, it
involves the selection of only the berries at the peak of ripeness.
More commonly, crops are strip picked, where all berries are
harvested simultaneously regardless of ripeness by person or
machine. After picking, green coffee is processed by one of two
methods—the dry process method, simpler and less labor-intensive
as the berries can be strip picked, and the wet process method,
which incorporates fermentation into the process and yields a mild
coffee.

7. BIBLIOGRAPHY
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coffee
https://www.google.ro/search?q=cafea&client=opera&hs=OMT
&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiimcShktnRAh
UBP5oKHXk5CR8Q_AUICCgB&biw=1366&bih=658