Cardialysis is a leading specialist clinical research organization (CRO) with an exclusive focus on cardiology, providing a full range of clinical research and cardiovascular core laboratory services. Founded in 1983, Cardialysis is recognized for its opinion-leader expertise, strong academic network and in-depth cardiology expertise and in recent years has significantly expanded its operational activities. The world’s top medical device, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies collaborate with Cardialysis resulting in more than 300 clinical trials (in the recent 20 years) conducted up till now, contributing to improved cardiovascular therapies.
What happens when cardiologists have had enough with general EHRs that know nothing about cardiology? They formulate a plan to treat those issues, and here is how they did it with a system they designed from the ground up.
Discover the Cardiovascular Suite, including Cardiology EHR & Diagnostics, developed by the heart specialists at Objective Medical Systems.
Echocardiographic guidance is critical for procedural success of paravalvular leak closure. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and particularly three-dimensional echocardiography represent the gold standards. Fusion imaging provides real-time integration of three-dimensional echocardiography and X-ray fluoroscopy and can further facilitate spatial orientation, wire placement and device deployment. Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is a secondary approach possibly beneficial in selected cases.
Cardialysis is a leading specialist clinical research organization (CRO) with an exclusive focus on cardiology, providing a full range of clinical research and cardiovascular core laboratory services. Founded in 1983, Cardialysis is recognized for its opinion-leader expertise, strong academic network and in-depth cardiology expertise and in recent years has significantly expanded its operational activities. The world’s top medical device, biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies collaborate with Cardialysis resulting in more than 300 clinical trials (in the recent 20 years) conducted up till now, contributing to improved cardiovascular therapies.
What happens when cardiologists have had enough with general EHRs that know nothing about cardiology? They formulate a plan to treat those issues, and here is how they did it with a system they designed from the ground up.
Discover the Cardiovascular Suite, including Cardiology EHR & Diagnostics, developed by the heart specialists at Objective Medical Systems.
Echocardiographic guidance is critical for procedural success of paravalvular leak closure. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and particularly three-dimensional echocardiography represent the gold standards. Fusion imaging provides real-time integration of three-dimensional echocardiography and X-ray fluoroscopy and can further facilitate spatial orientation, wire placement and device deployment. Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is a secondary approach possibly beneficial in selected cases.
Guidelines for Internal Medicine CPT Codes.pdf" is a document that provides instructions and recommendations for using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes in the field of internal medicine. CPT codes are a standardized system used in medical billing and documentation to describe various medical procedures and services.
TCI’s cardiology resources get you up to speed and moving faster than ever with how-to coding advice on the cardiology CPT®, HCPCS, and ICD-10-CM code sets—all at your fingertips.
Accurate clinical documentation is critical, especially during emergency situation. This article gives a detailed view on best documentation practices for pacemaker care and the use of ECG monitoring.
Classification of cardiac vascular disease from ecg signals for enhancing mod...hiij
“Why to be in frustration we will do new creation f
or salvation”. Based on these words we grapes your
attention towards saving a life of a heart patient
with the use of ECG in Public Health Care Center by
transmitting ECG signals to nearby hospital server.
In this paper we analyze the abnormalities found i
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Arrhythmia, Tachycardia Arrhythmia and Ischemia
signal using the method of Neuro Fuzzy Classifier.
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Each year the CPT and the HCPCS code sets undergo significant changes, and your staff needs to be aware of the changes in order to ensure a smooth transition into 2023. Join us for a discussion of the new, deleted and revised CPT codes and associated guidelines for 2023. This is part one in a three part series.
During these complimentary webinars, we will empower you to correctly apply the new and revised codes and discuss the rationale behind this year’s changes. This presentation will be geared towards hospital staff with a focus on the non-surgical sections of the CPT book.
Learning Objectives:
Evaluation of the CPT code changes for the radiology, laboratory and medicine sections of the code book
Discussion regarding changes to guidelines and instructional notes affecting these sections of the code book
Review of the rationale behind the identified code changes
Presentation of coding examples related to the new codes for 2023
Real-Time Detection of Fatal Ventricular Dysrhythmias for Automated External ...Ehsan Izadi
Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are
portable devices assigned to appropriate and real-time diagnosis
of two fatal dysrhythmias including, ventricular fibrillation and
rapid ventricular tachycardia; these are often associated with
sudden cardiac arrest. In this paper, a novel time-domain based
algorithm has been proposed for AEDs. The algorithm could
measure the heart rate and duration of the QRS Complex using
the critical points of electrocardiogram (ECG) to classify the
arrhythmias. This algorithm was tested with a large amount of
annotated data under equal conditions. The complete MIT-BIH
arrhythmia database, MIT-BIH normal sinus rhythm database,
MIT-BIH malignant database, and CU database were used as
the test data. The results obtained by the proposed algorithm
showed the sensitivity of 95.87%, the specificity of 99.00%, and
the accuracy of 98.78% in the single diagnose mode (SDM),
where the final decision was based on the last diagnose. On
the triple diagnose mode (TDM), where the final decision was
based on the last three consecutive diagnoses, the sensitivity of
94.50%, the specificity of 99.33%, and the accuracy of 99.07%
were obtained. In addition, the algorithm ensured the safety
of normal sinus rhythm cases with the specificity of 99.967%
and 99.997% in SDM and TDM, respectively. Furthermore, the
performance of the algorithm was calculated and plotted point
by point for different values. The proposed work was, therefore,
successfully implemented on ARM Cortex-M3 and evaluated
using test databases. Thus, this work could be well-suited for realtime
implementation in the AEDs and ECG monitoring devices
Each year the CPT code set undergoes significant changes. Physicians and their office staff need to be aware of the changes in order to ensure a smooth transition into 2023. Join us for a discussion of the new, deleted and revised CPT codes and associated guidelines for 2023. This presentation will focus on the changes to the CPT dataset and the associated work RVU value changes that impact physicians. This is part three in a three part series.
WAVELET SCATTERING TRANSFORM FOR ECG CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE CLASSIFICATIONgerogepatton
Classifying the ECG dataset is the main technique for diagnosing heart disease. However, the focus of this
field is increasingly on prediction, with a growing dependence on machine learning techniques. This study
aimed to enhance the accuracy of cardiovascular disease classification using data from the PhysioNet
database by employing machine learning (ML). The study proposed several multi-class classification
models that accurately identify patterns within three classes: heart failure rhythm (HFR), normal heart
rhythm (NHR), and arrhythmia (ARR). This was accomplished by utilizing a database containing 162 ECG
signals. The study employed a variety of techniques, including frequency-time domain analysis, spectral
features, and wavelet scattering, to extract features and capture unique characteristics from the ECG
dataset. The SVM model produced a training accuracy of 97.1% and a testing accuracy of 92%. This work
provides a reliable, effective, and human error-free diagnostic tool for identifying heart disease.
Furthermore, it could prove to be a valuable resource for future medical research projects aimed at
improving the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases
WAVELET SCATTERING TRANSFORM FOR ECG CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE CLASSIFICATIONijaia
Classifying the ECG dataset is the main technique for diagnosing heart disease. However, the focus of this
field is increasingly on prediction, with a growing dependence on machine learning techniques. This study
aimed to enhance the accuracy of cardiovascular disease classification using data from the PhysioNet
database by employing machine learning (ML). The study proposed several multi-class classification
models that accurately identify patterns within three classes: heart failure rhythm (HFR), normal heart
rhythm (NHR), and arrhythmia (ARR). This was accomplished by utilizing a database containing 162 ECG
signals. The study employed a variety of techniques, including frequency-time domain analysis, spectral
features, and wavelet scattering, to extract features and capture unique characteristics from the ECG
dataset. The SVM model produced a training accuracy of 97.1% and a testing accuracy of 92%. This work
provides a reliable, effective, and human error-free diagnostic tool for identifying heart disease.
Furthermore, it could prove to be a valuable resource for future medical research projects aimed at
improving the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
WAVELET SCATTERING TRANSFORM FOR ECG CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE CLASSIFICATIONgerogepatton
Classifying the ECG dataset is the main technique for diagnosing heart disease. However, the focus of this
field is increasingly on prediction, with a growing dependence on machine learning techniques. This study
aimed to enhance the accuracy of cardiovascular disease classification using data from the PhysioNet
database by employing machine learning (ML). The study proposed several multi-class classification
models that accurately identify patterns within three classes: heart failure rhythm (HFR), normal heart
rhythm (NHR), and arrhythmia (ARR). This was accomplished by utilizing a database containing 162 ECG
signals. The study employed a variety of techniques, including frequency-time domain analysis, spectral
features, and wavelet scattering, to extract features and capture unique characteristics from the ECG
dataset. The SVM model produced a training accuracy of 97.1% and a testing accuracy of 92%. This work
provides a reliable, effective, and human error-free diagnostic tool for identifying heart disease.
Furthermore, it could prove to be a valuable resource for future medical research projects aimed at
improving the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Similar to Coding Accurately for Echocardiography Services (20)
To reduce denials and ensure that clinicians are paid promptly and appropriately for patient care, accurate and compliant coding is essential.
To accurately report their services on claims, many clinicians are turning to professional medical coding services.https://www.outsourcestrategies.com/outsourced-medical-coding-services/
Accurate physical therapy (PT) billing is crucial for the success and sustainability of your
practice. Beyond simply ensuring proper reimbursement for services rendered, precise
billing practices can help maintain financial health, facilitate practice growth, and support
delivery of high-quality patient care.
Healthcare providers are finding it difficult to stay on top of changes in insurance policies, coding requirements, and regulations while still concentrating on
patient care.
Accurate medical billing documentation guarantees that insurance companies have all
the information they need to handle claims quickly, which speeds healthcare
reimbursement. Precise documentation in conjunction with expert medical billing
services foster a seamless financial environment that is advantageous to patients and
providers alike.
For healthcare providers looking to improve administrative efficiency, reduce overhead costs, enhance compliance, and focus on core activities, outsourcing medical billing could be the practical option.
Outsource Strategies International can help you speed up claims processing and optimize your revenue cycle by providing dedicated medical billing services.
Medical billing plays a crucial role in ensuring that healthcare providers receive timely and accurate reimbursement for the services they render. However, navigating the intricacies of medical billing can be challenging and mistakes can occur, leading to financial losses and potential compliance issues.
Meningitis, a devastating disease with a high fatality rate, can lead to serious long-term
complications. Physicians treating patients with the condition can consider to outsourcing medical billing and coding to report the condition correctly on claims. By enlisting the services of a professional medical coding company that employs AAPC-certified coding specialists, healthcare practices can ensure accurate and timely claim submission, leading to optimal reimbursement for
their services.
Patient eligibility verification is the process of confirming that a patient is eligible for the requested medical services, insurance coverage, and any financial assistance programs.
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
1. Coding Accurately for
Echocardiography Services
Outsource Strategies International
United States
To ensure appropriate reimbursement for ECG studies, providers need to
submit accurate codes, modifiers, and claims for services rendered.
2. www.outsourcestrategies.com 918-221-7769
Echocardiography (electrocardiogram) or the ECG test is an effective
diagnostic tool that uses ultrasound for the initial evaluation of many
cardiac signs and symptoms. ECG provides an excellent view of the
cardiovascular system. It provides speedy clinically relevant data cost-
effectively and with least stress to the patient. Echocardiography can be
completed more quickly than other imaging techniques. When it comes to
reporting echocardiography procedures, coding accurately is critical. In the
current scenario of declining reimbursement and increased scrutiny,
Outsourced medical billing services are a practical option for claims
processing and payment management.
The electrocardiogram can show:
- cardiac structure -- the size and shape of cardiac chambers
- function and morphology of cardiac valves – how well the heart is
working
- coronary artery disease and heart muscle disease
- presence of a blood clot
In patients already having cardiac disease, ECG is used to assess severity,
evaluate the results of medical and surgical interventions, and guide
procedures. It is also used in the evaluation of patients with electrolyte
abnormalities, drug toxicities, and implanted defibrillators. Echocardiography
is also an important tool to diagnose congenital and acquired heart problems
in infants and children.
Coding and Billing Echocardiography
The American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and the American Medical
Association (AMA) continually review the Current Procedural Terminology
(CPT) and revise and add new codes. To ensure appropriate reimbursement
for ECG procedures and visits, practitioners need to stay up-to-date with the
changes and submit accurate codes, modifiers, and claims for services
rendered. The following is a list of CPT codes used to report
echocardiography in 2019:
Echocardiogram CPT Codes 2019
93350 transthoracic, real-time with image documentation (2D), includes M-
mode recording, when performed, during rest and cardiovascular stress test
3. www.outsourcestrategies.com 918-221-7769
using treadmill, bicycle exercise and/or pharmacologically induced stress,
with interpretation and report
93351 transthoracic, real-time with image documentation (2D), includes M-
mode recording,…; including performance of continuous electrocardiographic
monitoring, with supervision by a physician or other qualified health care
professional
93303 Transthoracic echocardiography for congenital cardiac anomalies;
complete
93304 Transthoracic echocardiography for congenital cardiac anomalies;
follow-up or limited study
93306 Transthoracic, real-time with image documentation (2D), includes M-
mode recording, when performed, complete, with spectral Doppler
echocardiography, and with color flow Doppler echocardiography
93307 transthoracic, real-time with image documentation (2D), includes M-
mode recording, when performed, complete, without spectral or color
Doppler echocardiography
93308 Transthoracic, real-time with image documentation (2D), includes M-
mode recording, when performed, follow-up or limited study
93312 Transesophageal, real-time with image documentation (2D) (with or
without M-mode recording); including probe placement, image acquisition,
interpretation and report
93313 transesophageal, real-time with image documentation (2D) (with or
without M-mode recording); placement of transesophageal probe only
93314 transesophageal, real-time with image documentation (2D) (with or
without M-mode recording); image acquisition, interpretation and report only
93315 for congenital cardiac anomalies; including probe placement, image
acquisition, interpretation and report
93316 for congenital cardiac anomalies; placement of transesophageal
probe only
93317 for congenital cardiac anomalies; image acquisition, interpretation
and report only
4. www.outsourcestrategies.com 918-221-7769
93318 transesophageal (TEE) for monitoring purposes, including probe
placement, real time 2-dimensional image acquisition and interpretation
leading to ongoing (continuous) assessment of (dynamically changing)
cardiac pumping function and to therapeutic measures on an immediate time
basis
93320 Doppler echocardiography, pulsed wave and/or continuous wave with
spectral display (list separately in addition to codes for echocardiographic
imaging); complete
93321 Doppler echocardiography, pulsed wave and/or continuous wave with
spectral display (list separately in addition to codes for echocardiographic
imaging); follow-up or limited study (list separately in addition to codes for
echocardiographic imaging)
93325 Doppler echocardiography color flow velocity mapping (list
separately in addition to codes for echocardiography)
93350 transthoracic, real-time with image documentation (2D), includes M-
mode recording, when performed, during rest and cardiovascular stress test
using treadmill, bicycle exercise and/or pharmacologically induced stress,
with interpretation and report
93351 transthoracic, real-time with image documentation (2D), includes M-
mode recording, when performed, during rest and cardiovascular stress test
using treadmill, bicycle exercise and/or pharmacologically induced stress,
with interpretation and report; including performance of continuous
electrocardiographic monitoring, with supervision by a physician or other
qualified health care professional
93352 Use of echocardiographic contrast agent during stress
echocardiography (List separately in addition to code for primary procedure)
93355 Transesophageal (TEE) for guidance of a transcatheter intracardiac
or great vessel(s) structural intervention(s) (eg, TAVR, transcatheter
pulmonary valve replacement, mitral valve repair, paravalvular regurgitation
repair, left atrial appendage occlusion/closure, ventricular septal defect
closure) (peri-and intra-procedural), real-time image acquisition and
documentation, guidance with quantitative measurements, probe
manipulation, interpretation, and report, including diagnostic
5. www.outsourcestrategies.com 918-221-7769
transesophageal echocardiography and, when performed, administration of
ultrasound contrast, Doppler, color flow, and 3D.
Code Selection
Whatever the ultrasound equipment used, the physician should choose the
code that correctly describes the echocardiography exam performed and the
corresponding reason for the study (www.sonosite.com). The services
rendered must be documented in the patient's record.
93306 vs. 93308
When it comes to choosing the right echocardiography code, there is often
confusion about codes 93306 vs. 93308. The distinction between these
codes can be understood by carefully reviewing the descriptors.
Code 93306 describes a complete transthoracic echo with Doppler and color
flow.
According to CPT guidelines, “a complete transthoracic echocardiogram
requires 2-dimensional and, when performed, selected M-mode examination
of the left and right atria, left and right ventricles, the aortic, mitral and
tricuspid valves, the pericardium and adjacent portions of the aorta. (Note
that while M-mode exam is usually performed, it is not required in order to
assign a complete echo code.) If it is impossible to image all of the listed
structures, the report must indicate the reason. A limited transthoracic
echocardiogram should be billed if the report does not evaluate or attempt
to evaluate all of the structures listed above”.
CPT code 93308 represents a limited or follow up study:
93308 Echocardiography, transthoracic, real-time with image documentation
(2D), includes M-mode recording, when performed, follow-up or limited
study. This does not evaluate (or document the attempt to evaluate) all the
structures that comprise the complete echocardiographic exam, as outlined
in the CPT criteria, above. A limited study is typically confined to, or
performed in follow-up of, a focused clinical concern.
CPT Assistant (September 2005) also advises: [echo] “whether complete or
limited, includes an interpretation of all obtained information, documentation
of all clinically relevant findings including quantitative measurements
obtained, plus a description of any recognized abnormalities. Pertinent
images, videotape, and/or digital data are archived for permanent storage
6. www.outsourcestrategies.com 918-221-7769
and are available for subsequent review. Use of echocardiography not
meeting these criteria is not separately reportable.”
Proper documentation is critical to ensure accurate code assignment.
Providers must also retain permanent images in the patient's record in order
to meet the criteria for billing echocardiography CPT codes. Outsourcing
medical billing and coding tasks to an expert medical billing company can
ensure claim submission to meet payer regulations and guidelines, which is
crucial for appropriate reimbursement.