Below the name and web address of each standards body is a brief description of that body. These are examples of some of the NDT-related codes, standards or specifications published by that organization. The websites of most of these bodies have a “publications” link that can be used to find other codes and standards published by that body. All of the organizations listed here use industry subject-matter experts and a consensus process in the development of their codes and standards.

1. American National Standards Institute
An official logo of the American National Standards
Institute
Abbreviation ANSI
Formation October 19, 1918 (100 years ago)
Type NPO
Legal status 501(c)(3) private
Purpose National standards
Headquarters Washington, D.C., USA
38°54′14″N 77°02′35″W
Membership 125,000 companies and 3.5 million
professionals
Official language English
President and CEO Joe Bhatia
Website ansi.org
• The American National Standards Institute (ANSI ) is a
private non-profit organization that oversees the development
of voluntary consensus standards for products, services,
processes, systems, and personnel in the United States.
• The organization also coordinates U.S. standards with
international standards so that American products can be used
worldwide.
• ANSI accredits standards that are developed by
representatives of other standards organizations, government
agencies, consumer groups, companies, and others.
• These standards ensure that the characteristics and
performance of products are consistent, that people use the
same definitions and terms, and that products are tested the
same way.
• ANSI also accredits organizations that carry out product or
personnel certification in accordance with requirements
defined in international standards
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2. ANSI was originally formed in 1918, when five engineering societies and three government agencies
founded the American Engineering Standards Committee (AESC). In 1928, the AESC became
the American Standards Association (ASA). In 1966, the ASA was reorganized and became United
States of America Standards Institute (USASI). The present name was adopted in 1969.
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Prior to 1918, these five founding engineering societies:
 American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE, now IEEE)
 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
 American Institute of Mining Engineers (AIME, now American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical,
and Petroleum Engineers)
 American Society for Testing and Materials (nowASTM International)
had been members of the United Engineering Society (UES).
Members:ANSI's members are government agencies, organizations, academic and international
bodies, and individuals. In total, the Institute represents the interests of more than 270,000
companies and organizations and 30 million professionals worldwide.

3. Process
not develop
Although
standards,
ANSI itself does
the Institute oversees the
standards by
development and use of
accrediting the procedures of standards
developing organizations. ANSI accreditation
signifies that the procedures used by
standards developing organizations meet the
Institute's requirements for openness,
balance, consensus, and due process.
ANSI also designates specific standards as
American National Standards, or ANS, when
the Institute determines that the standards
were developed in an environment that is
equitable, accessible and responsive to the
requirements of various stakeholders.
Voluntary consensus standards quicken the market
acceptance of products while making clear how to
improve the safety of those products for the protection
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of consumers. There are approximately 9,500
American National Standards that carry the ANSI
designation.
TheAmerican National Standards process involves:
 consensus by a group that is open to representatives
from all interested parties
 broad-based public review and comment on draft
standards
 consideration of and response to comments
 incorporation of submitted changes that meet the
same consensus requirements into a draft standard
 availability of an appeal by any participant alleging
that these principles were not respected during the
standards-development process.

4. In
ASTM
nal
ternatio
Motto Helping Our
World Work
Better
Formation 1898
Headquarte
rs
West
Conshohocken,
Pennsylvania
Location United States
Coordinate
s
40.069208°N
75.308863°W
President Katharine
Morgan
Volunteers 30,000
Website www.astm.org
• ASTM International, formerly known as American Society for Testing and
Materials, is an international standards organization that develops and publishes
voluntary consensus technical standards for a wide range of materials, products,
systems, and services.
• Some 12,575 ASTM voluntary consensus standards operate globally. The
organization's headquarters is in West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, about 5 mile
(8.0 km) northwest of Philadelphia.
• Founded in 1898 as the American Section of the International Association for
Testing Materials, ASTM International predates other standards organizations such
as the BSI(1901), IEC (1906), DIN (1917), ANSI (1918),AFNOR(1926),
and ISO (1947).
History: A group of scientists and engineers, led by Charles Dudley, formed ASTM
in 1898 to address the frequent rail breaks affecting the fast-growing railroad industry.
The group developed a standard for the steel used to fabricate rails.
• Originally called the "American Society for Testing Materials" in 1902, it became
the "American Society for Testing and Materials" in 1961 before it changed its name
to “ASTM International” in 2001 and added the tagline "Standards Worldwide". In
2014, it changed the tagline to "Helping our World Work better".
• Now, ASTM International has offices in Belgium, Canada, China, Peru, and
Washington, D.C
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5. Membership and organization
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Membership in the organization is open to anyone with an interest in its activities. Standards are
developed within committees, and new committees are formed as needed, upon request of interested
members. Membership in most committees is voluntary and is initiated by the member's own request, not
by appointment nor by invitation. Members are classified as users, producers, consumers, and "general
interest". The latter includes academics and consultants.
Users include industry users, who may be producers in the context of other technical committees, and
end-users such as consumers. In order to meet the requirements of antitrust laws, producers must
constitute less than 50% of every committee or subcommittee, and votes are limited to one per producer
company.
As of 2015, ASTM has more than 30,000 members, including over 1,150 organizational members, from
more than 140 countries. The members serve on one or more of 140+ ASTM Technical Committees.
ASTM International has several awards for contributions to standards authorship, including the ASTM
International Award of Merit (the organization's highest award)ASTM International is classified by the
United States Internal Revenue Service, as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization

6. Standards compliance
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ASTM International has no role in requiring or enforcing compliance with its standards. The
standards, however, may become mandatory when referenced by an external contract,
corporation, or government.
 In the United States, ASTM standards have been adopted, by incorporation or by reference,
in many federal, state, and municipal government regulations. The National Technology
Transfer and Advancement Act, passed in 1995, requires the federal government to use
privately developed consensus standards whenever possible. The Act reflects what had long
been recommended as best practice within the federal government.
 Other governments (local and worldwide) also have referencedASTM standards.
 Corporations doing international business may choose to reference anASTM standard.
 All toys sold in the United States must meet the safety requirements of ASTM F963,
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety, as part of the Consumer Product
Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA). The law makes the ASTM F963 standard a
mandatory requirement for toys while the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)
studies the standard's effectiveness and issues final consumer guidelines for toy safety.

7. ASHRAE
ASHRAE (American Society of Heating,
Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers)
Formation 1894
Type not-for-profit membership
organization
Headquarters New York City, U.S.
Location 1791 Tullie Circle, N.E.Atlanta
GA 30329 United States
Region served Worldwide
Membership 57,000+ in over 132 countries
Official
language
English
President Sheila Hayter Recognized
Website www.ashrae.org
• The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-
Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) is an American professional
association seeking to advance heating, ventilation, air conditioning
and refrigeration (HVAC&R) systems design and construction.
• ASHRAE has more than 57,000 members in more than 132 countries
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engineers, architects, mechanical contractors,
worldwide. It's members are composed of building
building
services
owners,
equipment manufacturers' employees, and others concerned with the
design and construction of HVAC&R systems in buildings.
• The society funds research projects, offers continuing education
programs, and develops and publishes technical standards to
improve building services engineering, energy efficiency, indoor air
quality, and sustainable development.
History:ASHRAE was founded in 1894 at a meeting of engineers in New York City, formerly headquartered at 345
East 47th Street, and has held an annual meeting since 1895. Until 1954 it was known as the American Society of
Heating and Ventilating Engineers (ASHVE); in that year it changed its name to the American Society of Heating
and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHAE).[Its current name and organization came from the 1959 merger of
ASHAE and theAmerican Society of Refrigerating Engineers (ASRE).

8. The ASHRAE Handbook is a four-volume resource for HVAC&R technology and is available in both print and
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electronic versions. The volumes are Fundamentals, HVAC Applications, HVAC Systems and Equipment,
and Refrigeration. One of the four volumes is updated each year.
ASHRAE also publishes a set of standards and guidelines relating to HVAC systems and issues, that are often
referenced in building codes and used by consulting engineers, mechanical contractors, architects, and government
agencies.[ These standards are periodically reviewed, revised and republished.
Examples of someASHRAE Standards are:
 Standard 34 – Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants
 Standard 55 – Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy
 Standard 62.1 – Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality (versions: 2001 and earlier as "62", 2004 and
beyond as "62.1")
 Standard 62.2 – Ventilation andAcceptable IndoorAir Quality in Low-Rise Residential Buildings
 Standard 90.1 – Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings – The IESNA is a joint
sponsor of this standard.
 Standard 135 – BACnet -AData Communication Protocol for BuildingAutomation and Control Networks
 Standard 189.1 – Standard for the Design of High Performance, Green Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential
Buildings