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Cluster B Personality Disorder.pptx
The document discusses Cluster B personality disorders, including antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders, highlighting their characteristics, causes, prevalence, and intervention strategies. It emphasizes the role of genetics, environment, and early life experiences in the development of these disorders, as well as the challenges in treating individuals with these conditions. Overall, it outlines the clinical descriptions, diagnostic criteria, and the interplay of genetic and environmental factors contributing to these complex psychological issues.
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Cluster B Personality Disorder.pptx
- 1. CLUSTER B PERSONALITY DISORDERS Dramaticand Erratic Behavior/WILD CLUSTER
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- 3. Antisocial personality disorder “I AMENTITLED TO BREAK RULES”
- 4. Clinical Description They areoften described as being aggressive because they take what they want, indifferent to the concerns of other people. Lying and cheating seem to be second nature to them Often they appear unable to tell the difference between the truth and the lies they make up to further their own goals. Clinical Description
- 5. ACID LIAR ● ADULT ●CRIMINALITY ● IMPULSIVITY ● DISREGARD FOR SAFETY ● LYING/CHEATING ● IRRESPONSIBILITY ● AGGRESSION ● REMORSELESSNESS Clinical Description
- 6. Clinical Description TIMEFRAME: OCCURRING SINCEAGE 15 and the individual is at least 18 years. CRITERIA NEEDED: Three (or more symptoms)
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- 9. What is Conductdisorder? CD (Conduct Disorder) is a DSM-5 diagnosis typically assigned to individuals under age 18, who habitually violate the rights of others, and will not conform their behavior to the law or social norms appropriate for their age. Clinical Description
- 11. Clinical Description TIMEFRAME: Occurringin the past 12 months from any of the categories below with at least one criterion present in the past 6 months. CRITERIA NEEDED: Manifested by the presence of at least 3 of the following 15 criteria.
- 12. One classic studythat followed 1,000 delinquent and nondelinquent boys over a 50-year period (Laub & Vaillant, 2000). The delinquent boys were more than twice as likely to die an unnatural death (for example, accident, suicide, or homicide) Clinical Description
- 13. What causes Antisocialpersonality disorder? TED BUNDY INTERVIEW Etiology
- 14. What causes Antisocialpersonality disorder? Gene-Environment Interaction ● Gene-Environment Interaction tells us that the interactions between genes and environment shape human development. ● Epigenetics shows how environmental influences such as children experiences actually affect the expression of their genes. Etiology
- 15. What causes Antisocialpersonality disorder? Environment ● Trauma or abuse early in childhood increases the risk of developing ASPD later in life. ● People with an antisocial or alcoholic parent are at increased risk of developing ASPD. ● Children living in poverty are at increased risk for antisocial behavior, and a large portion of this risk appears to operate through chronic exposure to stressful events in daily life. Etiology
- 16. What causes Antisocialpersonality disorder? Genetic ● There may be some genetics factors that can predispose some individuals to develop ASPD. However, there is no one genetic factor that is thought to be responsible for the condition. ● The likelihood of an adult having antisocial personality disorder increases if, as a child, he or she had both conduct disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (Biederman, Mick, Faraone, & Burback, 2001; Moffitt, Caspi, Rutter, & Silva, 2001). Etiology
- 17. What causes Antisocialpersonality disorder? Biology ● It has been shown that individuals with ASPD have reduced cortical thickness in regions like the superior frontal gyrus, orbitofrontal cortex, and middle frontal gyrus, along with the insular cortex, precuneus, and triangularis. (Jiang 2016). ● The fearlessness, seeming insensitivity to punishment, and thrill seeking behaviors characteristic of those with antisocial personality disorder. Etiology
- 18. What causes Antisocialpersonality disorder? Lifestyle ● About half of people with ASPD also have problems with drug or alcohol abuse. Etiology
- 19. psychoanalysis According to Freudiantheory, as someone with uncontrolled or dominant ID, the person is likely to become uncontrollable, impulsive, and possibly criminal. If the ID dominates the whole personality, namely the ego and superego, then an antisocial personality likely emerges. Etiology
- 20.
- 21. Antisocial Personality Disorder andCriminality CLUSTER B
- 22. In a classicprospective, longitudinal study, White, Moffitt, and Silva (1989) followed almost 1,000 children, beginning at age 5, to see what predicted antisocial behavior at age 15. Antisocial Personality Disorder and Criminality
- 23. Antisocial Personality Disorderand Criminality
- 24. What distinguished thesetwo groups? Antisocial Personality Disorder and Criminality
- 25. Are all peoplediagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorders criminal? RAMIREZ INTERVIEW Antisocial Personality Disorder and Criminality
- 26. Antisocial Personality Disorderand Criminality
- 27. Intervention One of themajor problems with treating people in this group is typical of numerous personality disorders: They rarely identify themselves as needing treatment. Intervention
- 28. Intervention Clinicians encourage identification ofhigh-risk children so that treatment can be attempted before they become adults (National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, 2010; Thomas, 2009). Intervention
- 29. Borderline Personality Disorder “I deserveto be punished”
- 30. CLINICAL DESCRIPTION A pervasivepattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity, They also tend to show impulsive and dangerous behaviors, such as reckless driving and threatening self-harm. All of these behaviors make it difficult for them to maintain relationships. Clinical Description
- 31. I DESPAIR ● IDENTITY ●DYSPHORIA ● EMOTIONAL INSTABILITY ● SELF HARM/SUICIDE ● PSYCHOTIC/DISSOCIATIVE ● ANGER/HOSTILITY ● IMPULSIVITY ● RELATIONSHIP Clinical Description
- 32. Clinical Description TIMEFRAME: Beginningby early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts. CRITERIA NEEDED: Five (or more symptoms)
- 33. What causes BorderlinePersonality Disorder? Environmental: Childhood abuse and trauma Up to 70% of people with BPD have experienced sexual, emotional or physical abuse as a child. Maternal separation, poor maternal attachment, inappropriate family boundaries and parental substance use disorder are also associated with BPD. Etiology
- 34. What causes BorderlinePersonality Disorder? Genetics Although anyone can develop BPD, it’s more common if you have a family history of BPD. People with other mental health conditions, such as anxiety, depression or eating disorders, are also at higher risk. Etiology
- 35. What causes BorderlinePersonality Disorder? Biological In people with BPD, the parts of their brain that control emotion and behavior don’t communicate properly. These problems affect the way their brain works. Etiology
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- 37. comorbidity People with borderlinepersonality disorder often have other mental health conditions, including: ● Mood disorders (80% to 96% of people with BPD). ● Anxiety disorders (88%). ● Substance use disorder (64%). ● Eating disorders (53%). ● Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (10% to 30%). ● Bipolar disorder (15%). ● Somatoform disorders (10%). If they have a co-existing condition, they’ll also need treatment for it.
- 38. intervention Dialectical Behavior Therapy(DBT): DBT focuses on helping you accept the reality of your life and your behaviors, as well as helping you learn to change your life, including unhelpful behaviors. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Intervention
- 39. Histrionic Personality Disorder “People arethere to serve or admire me”
- 40. Clinical Description Histrionic personalitydisorder (HPD) is a mental health condition marked by intense, unstable emotions and a distorted self-image. The word “histrionic” means “dramatic or theatrical.” Clinical Description
- 41. TIMEFRAME: Beginning by earlyadulthood and present in a variety of contexts. Criteria needed: five or more
- 43. What causes HistrionicPersonality Disorder? Genetics Histrionic personality disorder tends to run in families, so scientists think there may be a genetic (inherited) link. A family history of personality disorders, anxiety, or depression. Etiology
- 44. What causes HistrionicPersonality Disorder? Environmental: Childhood abuse and trauma Children may cope with trauma, such as child abuse or the death of a family member, that later as an adult may be disruptive or problematic in their life and become part of a personality disorder. Etiology
- 45. What causes HistrionicPersonality Disorder? Environmental: Parenting Styles Children who experience parenting styles that lack boundaries, are over-indulgent or inconsistent may be more likely to develop histrionic personality disorder. In addition, parents who display dramatic, erratic, volatile or inappropriate sexual behavior put their children at risk for developing this condition. Etiology
- 46. What causes HistrionicPersonality Disorder? Environmental: Learned Behaviors ● Being rewarded for attention seeking behavior as a child ● A lack of criticism or punishment as a child ● Unpredictable attention from your parents ● Learning behaviors from a parent or caregiver with histrionic personality disorder Etiology
- 47.
- 48. The term wasused in court during the testimony of Shannon Curry, PsyD, a clinical and forensic psychologist in California and Hawaii
- 49. Intervention In most cases,people with histrionic personality disorder (HPD) don’t believe their behaviors are problematic. They also tend to exaggerate their feelings and dislike routine, which makes following a treatment plan difficult.
- 50. Intervention Some intervention techniquesthat can be use to treat HPD are Group therapy, Psychodynamic psychotherapy and Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). While there’s currently no medication that can treat personality disorders, there is medication for depression and anxiety, which people with histrionic personality disorder may also have. Treating these conditions can make it easier to treat histrionic personality disorder.
- 51. Narcissistic Personality Disorder “Since Iam special, I deserve special rules”
- 52. He spent hisdays admiring his own image reflected in a pool of water.
- 53. Clinical Description People withnarcissistic personality disorder have an unreasonable sense of self-importance and are so preoccupied with themselves that they lack sensitivity and compassion for other people (Caligor, Levy, & Yeomans, 2015; Ronningstam, 2012).
- 54. TIMEFRAME: Beginning by earlyadulthood and present in a variety of contexts Criteria needed: five or more
- 55. What causes NarcissisticPersonality Disorder? The exact cause of NPD is not known. The disorder may result from a combination of factors that include ● Childhood trauma (such as physical, sexual and verbal abuse). ● Genetics (family history).
- 56. What causes HistrionicPersonality Disorder? Environmental Parent-child relationships with either too much adoration or too much criticism that don't match the child's actual experiences and achievements. Etiology
- 57. What causes HistrionicPersonality Disorder? Psychoanalytic Some writers, including Kohut (1971, 1977), believe that narcissistic personality disorder arises largely from a profound failure by the parents of modeling empathy early in a child’s development. As a consequence, the child remains fixated at a self centered, grandiose stage of development. Etiology
- 58. Can I takea test to see if I have narcissistic traits? These tests give you a better insight into how you think and feel. Tests include: ● Personality diagnostic questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4). ● Millon clinical multiaxial inventory III (MCMI-III). ● International personality disorder examination (IPDE). Etiology
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- 60. Intervention ● When therapyis attempted with these individuals, it often focuses on their grandiosity, their hypersensitivity to evaluation, and their lack of empathy toward others (Campbell & Miller, 2011; Beck et al., 2007).
- 61. Intervention ● Cognitive therapystrives to replace their fantasies with a focus on the day-to-day pleasurable experiences that are truly attainable. Coping strategies such as relaxation training are used to help them face and accept criticism.
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Editor's Notes
- #5 Substance abuse is common in people with antisocial personality disorder and appears to be a lifelong pattern among these individuals (Hasin et al., 2011).
- #15 Despite the misconception that genes are “set in stone,” research shows that early experiences can determine how genes are turned on and off — and even whether some are expressed at all.
- #27 Patrick Bateman is a fictional character created by novelist Bret Easton Ellis. He is the villain protagonist and narrator of Ellis' 1991 novel American Psycho and is portrayed by Christian Bale in the 2000 film adaptation. He is a wealthy and materialistic yuppie and Wall Street investment banker who leads a secret life as a serial killer. Bateman has also briefly appeared in other Ellis novels and their film and theatrical adaptations.