This document discusses various cloud management mechanisms including remote administration systems, resource management systems, SLA management systems, and billing management systems. The remote administration system provides tools for administrators to configure cloud resources through usage and administration portals or self-service portals. Resource management systems help coordinate IT resources in response to management actions. SLA management systems monitor cloud service performance to ensure contractual QoS requirements are met. Billing management systems collect usage data to generate reports and invoices for cloud providers and consumers.