Cloud computing allows users to access computer resources and applications over the Internet. It provides on-demand, scalable access to shared pools of configurable computing resources like networks, servers, storage, applications, and services. Resources can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort. Cloud services follow five essential characteristics - they are delivered over a network and accessed via standard mechanisms, provide on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and are metered by usage. There are three main service models - Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS). Cloud deployments can be private, public or hybrid.

1. Cloud Computing

2. Which one is the computer?
Rock Calculator Television
Modern Airplane Washing Machine
Computer Workstation

3. • In computer science
– In a general way, we can define computing to
mean any goal-oriented activity requiring,
benefiting from, or creating computers.
What’s Computing

4. • Computer network
connects two or more
autonomous computers.
• The computers can be
geographically located
anywhere.
Computer Networks
Introduction to Computer Networks

5. • Network in small geographical Area (Room, Building or a Campus) is called LAN (Local Area Network)
• Network in a City is call MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
• Network spread geographically (Country or across Globe) is called WAN (Wide Area Network)
LAN, MAN & WAN

6. • Resource Sharing
– Hardware (computing resources, disks, printers)
– Software (application software)
• Information Sharing
– Easy accessibility from anywhere (files, databases)
– Search Capability (WWW)
• Communication
– Email
– Message broadcast
• Remote computing
• Distributed processing (GRID Computing)
Applications of Networks

7. • The Internet is the foremost milestone
• Enables individual computers to communicate
with any other computers located elsewhere
in the world
The Creation of The Internet

8. Client-server
client Server/client
server
Server/client
server
client Server/client server
client server
request
response
Two Tier
(Classic Model)
Three Tier
N Tier

9. P2P
peer
peer
peer
peer
peer
peer
peer

10. • Solving grand challenge applications using
computer modeling, simulation and analysis
Demand for Computing Power
Life Sciences
CAD/CAM
Aerospace
Military Applications
Digital Biology
Internet &
Ecommerce

11. Paradigms
Utility Computing
Cluster Computing
Grid Computing
Cloud Computing
…
Attribute
Accessibility
Manageability
Autonomic
Performance
Scalability
Availability
QoS
SLA
…
• New computing paradigms have been
proposed and adopted to edge closer toward
achieving the vision of computer utilities
Variety of Paradigms

12. • There are 3 ways to improve performance:
– Work Harder
– Work Smarter
– Get Help
• Computer analogy
– Using faster hardware
– Using optimized algorithms and techniques to
solve computational tasks
– Using multiple computers to solve a particular
task
How to Run Applications Faster

13. • A computer system in which several
interconnected computers share the
computing tasks assigned to the system
• Paradigms
– Cluster computing
– Grid computing
– Cloud computing
Distributed Computing

14. Traditional Food Chain

15. Food Chain of Computer
Mainframe
Mini Computer Workstation PC

16. Food Chain of Distributed Computing
Mainframe
Mini Computer
Workstation
PC

17. Rise & Fall of Computing Technologies
Mainframes Mini-Computers
Mini-Computers Personal
Computers
Personal Computers
Network
Computing
Distributed
Computing
1980 1995
1970 2000+

18. Long united, must divide
Long divided, must unite

19. • Cloud Computing
Lecture 1 : Introduction 19

20. • The term “cloud” is often
used as a metaphor for the
Internet.
– A simplified way to represent
the complicated operations in
the network
• Currently, the term “cloud”
is further used as an
abstraction of complexities
– E.g., servers, applications,
– data, and heterogeneous
platforms
The “Cloud”

21. Do you Use the Cloud?

22. • An Internet connection
• An account - Created with a user name and a
password
• Agree to Terms
The Cloud Requires

23. So what is the cloud?
Computing and software resources that are delivered on demand, as service.
(2013, January) A Walk in the Clouds. Cloud Computing, CDW-G Reference Guide., 3-5.

24. • From ground to cloud
The Back Story

25. • Computers have internal or hard drive
storage(C: Drive)
• CPU has a drive for storing programs,
documents, pictures, videos, presentations,
etc…
Computer Storage
Standard Computer Tower or
Central Processing Unit
(CPU)
Inside the Computer

26. • Content is stored on THAT computer
• To use content must return to THAT computer
• Cannot access this content from another
device or computer
Internal Storage

27. • Purchase programs
• Load to the computer
• Each computer would need the program
loaded and stored on the internal drive
Programs

28. • Allows your content to become mobile
• Save to the storage device
• Take device to any compatible computer
• Open and use content
External Storage
External Hard Drive
CD/DVD Thumb Drive
SD Card Micro SD Card

29. • Multiple work stations talk to one unit that stores
information and data.
• Data is not saved to the C: drive, but to a network
drive
• Can retrieve the data stored to the network from any
of the connected workstations.
Networked Storage

30. • When you do a “save as” on your computer,
you choose where to save the material.
Saving documents
Internal Storage
External Storage
Network

31. Cloud Storage
• Create an Account –
User name and
password
• Content lives with the
account in the cloud
• Log onto any computer
with Wi-Fi to find your
content

32. • Download a cloud based app to a computer you own
• The app lives on your Computer
• Save files to the app
• When connected to the Internet it will sync with the
cloud
• The Cloud can be accessed from any Internet
connection
Downloads for storage

33. • Do “save as” to save a file to your computer
and the cloud
• The syncing folders makes data retrieval easier
• Box and DropBox require this download to
work
Save file as

34. • Log-in to the online storage account
• Click upload a file
• Find the file on hard drive, network, or
external storage
• Upload to cloud storage
Upload Documents
5 GB
5 GB
2 GB
7 GB

35. • Software and applications
More than Storage

36. • Google Docs
• SkyDrive
• Box
Document Creation

37. • Creation is happening in the cloud
• Saving is going to the cloud
• To retrieve files, must return to the cloud
Internet is required

38. I need to grow my
infrastructure, but
I do not know for
how long…
I cannot invest in
infrastructure, I
just started my
business….
I want to focus on
application logic and
not maintenance and
scalability issues
I want to access and
edit my documents
and photos from
everywhere..
I have a surplus of
infrastructure that I
want to make use of
I have a lot of
infrastructure that I
want to rent …
I have infrastructure
and middleware and I
can host applications
I have infrastructure
and provide
application services

39. • Shared pool of configurable computing resources
• On-demand network access
• Provisioned by the Service Provider
What is Cloud Computing
Adopted from: Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm by peter Mell, Tim Grance

40. • 1
– One single integrated environment
– A collection pool of resources and services
• 0
– Zero management
– Automatic management and resilience of resource or
service up/down/fail
• ∞
– Endless possibility
– Scalability, Availability, Accessibility, Manageability,
Performance
Cloud Computing in Mathematics

41. 41
NIST DEFINITION
NIST definition of cloud computing

42. Cloud Computing – NIST Definition:
“A model for enabling convenient, on-demand
network access to a shared pool of configurable
computing resources (e.g., networks, servers,
storage, applications, and services) that can be
rapidly provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider
interaction”
NIST Definition

43. Cloud Computing Characteristics
Common Characteristics:
Low Cost Software
Virtualization Service Orientation
Advanced Security
Homogeneity
Massive Scale Resilient Computing
Geographic Distribution
Adopted from: Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm by peter Mell, Tim Grance

44. 1. Shared / pooled resources
2. Broad network access
3. On-demand self-service
4. Scalable and elastic
5. Metered by use
Essential Characteristics:
of Cloud Computing

45. Shared / Pooled Resources:
• Resources are drawn from a common pool
• Common resources build economies of scale
• Common infrastructure runs at high efficiency
Characteristics of Cloud

46. Broad Network Access:
• Open standards and APIs
• Almost always IP, HTTP, and REST
• Available from anywhere with an internet
connection
Characteristics of Cloud

47. On-Demand Self-Service:
• Completely automated
• Users abstracted from the implementation
• Near real-time delivery (seconds or minutes)
• Services accessed through a self-serve
web interface
Characteristics of Cloud

48. Scalable and Elastic:
• Resources dynamically-allocated between
users
• Additional resources dynamically-released
when needed
• Fully automated
Characteristics of Cloud

49. Metered by Use:
• Services are metered, like a utility
• Users pay only for services used
• Services can be cancelled at any time
Characteristics of Cloud

50. 10
Manjrasoft
Compute
Storage
Applications
Development and
Runtime Platform
Public Clouds
Subscription-Oriented Cloud Services:
X{compute, apps, data, ..}
as a Service (..aaS)
Clients
Other
Cloud Services
Govt.
Cloud Services
Private
Cloud
Cloud
Manager

51. Runtime Environment for Applications
Development and Data Processing Platforms
Examples: Windows Azure, Hadoop, Google AppEngine, Aneka
Platform as a Service
Virtualized Servers
Storage and Networking
Examples: Amazon EC2, S3, Rightscale, vCloud
Infrastructure as a Service
End user applications
Scientific applications
Office automation, Photo editing,
CRM, and Social Networking
Examples: Google Documents, Facebook, Flickr, Salesforce
Software as a Service
Web 2.0
Interfaces
Cloud Service Models

52. Lecture 1 : Introduction 52
Cloud Service Models

53. Lecture 1 : Introduction 53
Cloud Service Models

54. Compute
Storage
Applications
Development and
Runtime Platform
Private Resources
Cloud Manager
Private Cloud Private Cloud (Government)
Public Clouds
Government Agencies
Organization Personnel
All users, on any device
Cloud Deployment Models

55. Cloud Deployment Models
Private/Enterprise
Clouds
* A public Cloud model
within a company’s
own Data Center /
infrastructure for
internal and/or
partners use.
Public/Internet
Clouds
* 3rd party,
multi-tenant Cloud
infrastructure
& services:
* available on
subscription basis to all.
Hybrid/Inter
Clouds
* Mixed usage of
private and public
Clouds: Leasing public
cloud services
when private cloud
capacity is
insufficient

56. • Saving Large Files
• Multiple file types – Photos, videos,
presentations, docs
• Back-up of stored files
• File Sharing
• Access from devices
• Nothing to forget (thumb drive, cd)
• Project collaboration
Benefits

57. • Can be less expensive compared to buying
software and hardware
• Can be used from any computer or device
with an Internet connection
• The device does not need as large of an
internal storage system
• Compatible with most computers and
operating systems
• Updates occur across the service
Advantages

58. • Security Issues
• Terms of Service
• Privacy Policies
Disadvantages

59. IT outsourcing
Pay as you go
No capital
investments
Quality of Service
Security
Billing
Cloud
Computing?

60. • Conventional
– Manually Provisioned
– Dedicated Hardware
– Fixed Capacity
– Pay for Capacity
– Capital & Operational
Expenses
– Managed via
Sysadmins
Conventional Computing
vs.
Cloud Computing
• Cloud
– Self-provisioned
– Shared Hardware
– Elastic Capacity
– Pay for Use
– Operational
Expenses
– Managed via APIs

61. • https://www.cloudme.com/en
• https://www.jdoodle.com/online-java-
compiler
Lecture 1 : Introduction 61