DIE Presentation made during OECD/IEA CCXG Global Forum March 2014: Replicating and scaling up interventions and the role of the private sector

1. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
Replicating and scaling up
adaptation interventions - and the
role of the private sector
Pieter Pauw
19 March 2014

2. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
Introduction
1. Challenges in scaling up and replicating adaptation
interventions
2. Role of the private sector
2
Vayring
contexts
and
scopes
 Based on:
1. Report (2): AdapCC & Rainfall
index insurance in India
2. Additional (3): Mobile Weather Alert
project, SPACC, Sangana PPP
3. Previous and current work on
LDCs, Zambia, NWP PSI, ...

3. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
Interest of private sector in adaptation
3
Reducing risks
Adapt to direct and indirect
risks to stay in business or
maintain level of profit
under changing climatic
conditions
Business opportunities
•market for new and innovative
products, needed under DRR or
changing climate conditions
•publicly funded adaptation
projects increasing
 Private sector has a key role in adaptation including in
developing countries...
 Visible level of clearly identifiable adaptation activities and
investments may understate the actual activity level
(Agrawala et al., 2011)
Based on Pauw & Pegels, 2013
Private sector‘s appetite for adaptation/motivation to adapt

4. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
Interest of private sector in adaptation (II)
4
....but what is the private sector’s role in
financing adaptation?
 To large extent a political debate:
 ‘Most businesses probably do not mind whether an
activity can be labelled adaptation or not – what
counts is business continuity’ (Pauw & Pegels, 2013)

5. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
Research challenges
 Specific challenges in research :
– Few cases could be identified in developing countries
 even though adaptation happens in every sector
– Actual adaptation benefits of interventions not always
clear
– Diverse but incomplete project documentation (for our
purposes)
 2-5 case studies: no conclusive analysis, but first
insights in replicating and scaling up of adaptation
5

6. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
Analysed projects
Project Partners Aim
AdapCC Cafédirect, GTZ support small-scale coffee and tea
farmers in identifying adaptation
strategies and implementing adaptation
activities
Reducing
Farmers’
Exposure to
Weather Risk
ICICI Lombard,
BASIX, WB
sale of innovative rainfall index
insurance contracts to small farmers
SPACC CCCCC, WB, GEF,
Coconut Bay Beach
Resort and Spa
Water m’ment: rainwater harvesting and
wastewater reuse in luxury resort on St
Lucia
Mobile
Weather Alert
project
Ericsson, MTN,
Uganda Met Service,
WMO, Met Office
weather information provision to improve
dissemination of storm warnings
Sangana PPP GIZ, Comic Relief,
Sangana
Commodities Ltd,
Tchibo GmbH, WB
Develop additional, voluntary climate
component to ‘4C Code of Conduct for
sustainable coffee’; train coffee producer
organisations 6

7. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
Aspects of up-scaling and replication
 Aspects are
interrelated
 Enabling
environment:
broader than
public
policies
7

8. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
1. Institutional framework
 PS adaptation finance as a topic is new
– Climate finance institutions struggling to bring
private sector on board (e.g. PPCR in Zambia)
– NAPAs hardly include private sector (Pauw &
Pegels, 2013);
 Too few and too different case studies to be
conclusive on decision-making frameworks or
actor constellations
 Adaptation just one of the aims of the
interventions
8

9. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
2. Demonstrating successful interventions
 Self-sustaining
 Tools: CC projections, Risk and Opportunity Analysis
(GIZ/Cafédirect); Environmental Management Plan
(SPACC); Certification (for sustainable coffee),
guidebooks (Sangana PPP), workshops, ...
 Mid-term & ex-post evaluations: project (e.g. GIZ,
WB), scientific evaluation (e.g. MetOffice), continuous
feedback (e.g. farmers, fishermen),
 But how to target and measure adaptation benefits?
– SPACC reduced water use; EMP measured neither CC
impacts nor adaptation effects
– Other projects deal with weather risks (rather than..?)
9

10. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
3. Enhance enabling environment
 Projects themselves raise awareness; ‚thinking from
a risk perspective‘
 Incorporate public actors in project implementation
 Identify tools as well as actors (e.g. public sector,
producer network, devt cooperation)
 Demonstrate success (tools and evaluation) to public
and private sources of finance, (national)
government, etc.
 Financing for replication/up-scaling of adaptation is a
big challenge (e.g. Sangana PPP, SPACC)
10

11. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
Conclusion (I)
 Study comes (a bit too) early for adaptation (case
specific information vs generic lessons)
 Information base: no standard procedure for M&E;
difficult to target and measure adaptation benefits
– Trade-offs between efficiency and safeguards
– But tools and evaluations useful for up-scaling and
replication
 Building partnerships TEAM PLAY is key for
replication and up-scaling
11

12. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE)
Conclusion (II)
 adaptation is always case specific and requires
tailor-made interventions on a local scale – yet
scaling up and replication more likely if
• intervention designs fit in a broader programme or policy
framework
• Simple eligibility criteria
• Standardise formats where possible
 Weather risk vs climate change – adaptation as a
side-benefit?
 Unclear whether these projects contribute to
reaching the USD 100 billion climate finance p.a.
12

13. © 2012 Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik (DIE) 13
Thank you for your attention
Pieter Pauw
German Development Institute
Tulpenfeld 6 / 53113 Bonn
Tel: +49 (0)228-949 27-204
Email: Pieter.Pauw@die-gdi.de
Website: www.die-gdi.de / www.pieterpauw.eu