Climate change is defined as long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns due to human-caused greenhouse gas emissions like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. This threatens biodiversity, which refers to genetic and species variety within ecosystems. Effects of climate change on biodiversity include species migrations, disruptions to food chains and webs, and threats to vulnerable species. International organizations like IUCN and UNEP work to conserve biodiversity through habitat protection, sustainable development, and raising awareness. Individual actions like using clean energy and afforestation can also help address these issues.